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Sensitivity of Lichens to Diesel Exhaust under Laboratory Conditions

Journal of Environmental Protection 2014年第13期5卷 1331-1341页

作者： Ulrike Langmann Pierre Madl Roman türk Werner hofmann Georg Brunauer Department of Organismic Biology University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria Department of Materials Research & Physics University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria

Lichen vegetation reacts very sensitively to a variety of air pollutants including increased nitrogen concentrations as well as to traffic exhaust in general, which makes lichens reliable monitoring organisms for atmospheric pollution. Recent environmental studies have shown that decreasing abundance of acidophytic lichen species and the increase of nitrophytic lichens can be explained by elevated levels of atmospheric nitric-compounds adsorbed onto nanoparticles. One major source of these atmospheric compounds amongst a wider pollution inventory is diesel exhaust—a mixture of gases and particle matter. this study aimed to shed light on the impact of diesel exhaust on the viability of six differently sensitive lichen species. Diesel exhaust particle concentrations in the laboratory experiments resembled those at a local highway during rush hour. By incubation in a closed stainless steel chamber we could exclude influences from other pollutants than diesel exhaust providing explicit data about the effects of diesel exhaust on lichens. the investigations revealed effects on the photosynthesis of the lichen photobionts and hence the lichen vitality. the conclusions of this study are that 1) the photobiont is affected stronger as the mycobiont and 2) older parts of the lichen are damaged first. Another remarkable result of this study is that 3) these lichens are regenerating to some extent during incubation-free periods—unless the organism is not damaged too much to restore photosynthetic activity. to our knowledge this is the first study evaluating the impact of diesel exhaust on lichens under laboratory conditions separate from other interfering pollutants.

关键词： Lichens Biomonitors Diesel Exhaust Photosynthetic Yield Gas Exchange

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Management of early rectal cancer;current surgical options and future direction

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2021年第7期13卷 655-667页

作者： Vijay Chavda oliver Siaw Sanjay Chaudhri Franscois Runau Department of General Surgery Leicester General HospitalLeicester LE54PWUnited Kingdom

Rectal cancer is the second commonest cause of cancer death within the United *** of national screening programmes have resulted in a greater proportion of patients presenting with early-stage *** technique of transanal endoscopic microsurgery was first described in 1984 following which further options for local excision have emerged with transanal endoscopic operation and,more recently,transanal minimally invasive *** to the risks of local recurrence,the current role of minimally invasive techniques for local excision in the management of rectal cancer is limited to the treatment of pre-invasive disease and low risk early-stage rectal cancer(t1N0M0 disease).the roles of chemotherapy and radiotherapy for the management of early rectal cancer are yet to be fully ***,results of high-quality research such as the GRECCAR II,tESAR and StAR-tREC randomised control trials may highlight a wider role for local excision surgery in the future,when used in combination with oncological *** aim of our review is to provide an overview in the current management of early rectal cancer,the surgical options available for local excision and the future multimodal direction of early rectal cancer treatment.

关键词： Early rectal cancer transanal endoscopic microsurgery transanal endoscopic operation transanal minimally invasive surgery

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Optimal Deep Convolutional Neural Network with Pose Estimation for Human Activity Recognition

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第2期44卷 1719-1733页

作者： S.Nandagopal G.Karthy A.Sheryl oliver M.Subha Department of Computer Science and Engineering Nandha College of TechnologyErode638052TamilnaduIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kalasalingam Academy of Research and EducationKrishnankoil626126TamilnaduIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering St.Joseph's College of EngineeringChennai600119TamilnaduIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering University College of Engineering NagercoilNagercoil629004TamilnaduIndia

Human Action Recognition(HAR)and pose estimation from videos have gained signiﬁcant attention among research communities due to its applica-tion in several areas namely intelligent surveillance,human robot interaction,robot vision,*** considerable improvements have been made in recent days,design of an effective and accurate action recognition model is yet a difﬁcult process owing to the existence of different obstacles such as variations in camera angle,occlusion,background,movement speed,and so *** the literature,it is observed that hard to deal with the temporal dimension in the action recognition *** neural network(CNN)models could be used widely to solve *** this motivation,this study designs a novel key point extraction with deep convolutional neural networks based pose estimation(KPE-DCNN)model for activity *** KPE-DCNN technique initially converts the input video into a sequence of frames followed by a three stage process namely key point extraction,hyperparameter tuning,and pose *** the keypoint extraction process an OpenPose model is designed to compute the accurate key-points in the human ***,an optimal DCNN model is developed to classify the human activities label based on the extracted key *** improving the training process of the DCNN technique,RMSProp optimizer is used to optimally adjust the hyperparameters such as learning rate,batch size,and epoch *** experimental results tested using benchmark dataset like UCF sports dataset showed that KPE-DCNN technique is able to achieve good results compared with benchmark algorithms like CNN,DBN,SVM,StAL,t-CNN and so on.

关键词： Human activity recognition pose estimation key point extraction classiﬁcation deep learning RMSProp

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Glimpsing America

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当代外语研究 2000年第2期 23-24页

作者： Bill hofmann

笔者在上世纪80年代初期曾经在杭州做过口译,和美国旅游者有经常的交往。记得那时,我穿了一件白色的汗衫,美国旅游者见了都非常不解地问:Why not put some picture or words on your white t-shirt?到了上世纪的90年代,五花八门的文化衫... 详细信息

笔者在上世纪80年代初期曾经在杭州做过口译,和美国旅游者有经常的交往。记得那时,我穿了一件白色的汗衫,美国旅游者见了都非常不解地问:Why not put some picture or words on your white t-shirt?到了上世纪的90年代,五花八门的文化衫,广告衫就曾经泛滥一时。 Bill hofmann的这篇文章聚焦美国汽车上的bumper sticker(即粘贴在汽车保险杠上的作宣传和广告用的小标语)。从广义言,这种bumper sticker也是一种文化,它折射了美国的性格和爱好。我们不能说美国人好表现自己,但是有一点是肯定的,美国人的Individualism显然略胜国人一筹。

关键词：旅游者 Glimpsing America

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Design of Finite Element tools for Coupled Surface and Volume Meshes

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Numerical Mathematics(theory,Methods and Applications) 2008年第3期1卷 245-274页

作者： Daniel Kster oliver Kriessl Kunibert G.Siebert Numerical Analysis and Computational Mechanics Group University of TwenteP O.Box 2177500 AE EnschedeThe Netherlands. Institut für Mathematik Universitt AugsburgUniversittsstraβe 14D-86159 AugsburgGermany.

Many problems with underlying variational structure involve a coupling of volume with surface effects.A straight-forward approach in a finite element discretiza- tion is to make use of the surface triangulation that is naturally induced by the volume *** an adaptive method one wants to facilitate'matching'local mesh modifications,i.e.,local refinement and/or coarsening,of volume and surface mesh with standard tools such that the surface grid is always induced by the volume grid. We describe the concepts behind this approach for bisectional refinement and describe new tools incorporated in the finite element toolbox *** also present several important applications of the mesh coupling.

关键词： Adaptive finite element methods scientific software software design.

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the role of temperature‐enhanced fault closure in promoting postinjection pressure diffusion and seismicity in enhanced geothermal systems

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2023年第4期2卷 394-405页

作者： Yinlin Ji Yuedu Chen Hannes hofmann Yuan Zhang Arno Zang Günter Zimmermann Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences PotsdamGermany Key Laboratory of In‐situ Property‐improving Mining of Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuanChina Institute of Applied Geosciences Technische Universität BerlinBerlinGermany Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Resource Mining(CUMt) Ministry of EducationSchool of MinesChina University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhouChina

Post shut‐in seismic events in enhanced geothermal systems(EGSs)occur predominantly at the outer rim of the co‐injection seismic *** concept of postinjection fracture and fault closure near the injection well has been proposed and validated as a mechanism for enhancing post shut‐in pressure diffusion that promotes seismic *** phenomenon is primarily attributed to the poro‐elastic closure of fractures resulting from the reduction of wellbore pressure after injection ***,the thermal effects in EGSs,mainly including heat transfer and thermal stress,may not be trivial and their role in postinjection fault closure and pressure evolution needs to be *** this study,we performed numerical simulations to analyze the relative importance of poro‐elasticity,heat transfer,and thermo‐elasticity in promoting postinjection fault closure and pressure *** numerical model wasﬁrst validated against analytical solutions in terms ofﬂuid pressure diffusion and against heatedﬂow‐through experiments in terms of thermal *** then quantiﬁed and distinguished the contribution of each individual mechanism by comparing four different shut‐in scenarios simulated under different coupled *** results highlight the importance of poro‐elastic fault closure in promoting postinjection pressure buildup and seismicity,and suggest that heat transfer can further augment the fault closure‐induced pressure increase and thus potentially intensify the postinjection seismic hazard,with minimal contribution from thermo‐elasticity.

关键词： enhanced geothermal system(EGS) fault closure hydraulic stimulation postinjection seismicity thermal effects thermo‐poro‐elasticity

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Multifunctional antiperovskites driven by strong magnetostructural coupling

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 890-898页

作者： Harish K.Singh Ilias Samathrakis Nuno MFortunato Jan Zemen Chen Shen oliver Gutfleisch Hongbin Zhang Institute of Materials Science Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical UniversityPragueCzech Republic Department of Physics Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondonUK Materials Recycling and Resource Strategies Fraunhofer IWKSHanauGermany

Based on density functional theory calculations,we elucidated the origin of multifunctional properties for cubic antiperovskites with noncollinear magnetic ground states,which can be attributed to strong isotropic and anisotropic magnetostructural *** 54 stable magnetic antiperovskites M_(3)XZ(M=Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,and Ni;X=selected elements from Li to Bi except for noble gases and 4f rare-earth metals;and Z=C and N),14 are found to exhibit the Γ_(4g)/Γ_(5g)(i.e.,characterized by irreducible representations)antiferromagnetic magnetic configurations driven by frustrated exchange coupling and strong magnetocrystalline *** the magnetic deformation as an effective proxy,the isotropic magnetostructural coupling is characterized,and it is observed that the paramagnetic state is critical to understand the experimentally observed negative thermal expansion and to predict the magnetocaloric ***,the piezomagnetic and piezospintronic effects induced by biaxial strain are *** is revealed that there is not a strong correlation between the induced magnetization and anomalous Hall conductivities by the imposed ***,the anomalous Hall/Nernst conductivities can be significantly tailored by the applied strain due to the fine-tuning of the Weyl points energies,leading to promising spintronic applications.

关键词： deformation coupling structural

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Oxygen-promoted synthesis of armchair graphene nanoribbons on Cu(111)

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Science China Chemistry 2021年第4期64卷 636-641页

作者： Penghui Ji oliver MacLean Gianluca Galeotti Dominik Dettmann Giulia Berti Kewei Sun Haiming Zhang Federico Rosei Lifeng Chi Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials&Devices Institute of Functional Nano&Soft MaterialsSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Centre Energie Matériaux et TélécommunicationsInstitut National de la Recherche Scientifique1650 Boulevard Lionel-BouletVarennesQCCanada Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Deutsches Museum Museumsinsel 180538 MunichGermany Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization National Institute for Materials ScienceTsukubaIbaraki 305-0047Japan

We report the systematic investigation of the effects of oxygen on the synthesis of 3 p sub-family armchair graphene nanoribbons(3 p-AGNRs),which revealed a strong catalytic effect with a reduction in the reaction temperature by approximately 180 K without degradation of the ***(para-phenylene)(3-AGNR)was generated through Ullmann-type coupling of4,4’’-dibromo-p-terphenyl on Cu(111),which was then converted into wider 3 p-AGNRs via lateral *** tunneling microscopy(StM)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrated the formation of different ribbons up to 12-AGNR,which contained regions exhibiting increased StM contrast that we attribute to the intercalation of Br atoms during lateral fusion.

关键词： on-surface synthesis graphene nanoribbons C–H activation scanning tunneling microscopy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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心脏起搏离子通道的分子结构和功能特性(英文)

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2001年第2期15卷 81-87页

作者： Andreas LUDWIG Franz hofmann 宗贤刚 Martin BIEL Martin BIEL Institut für Pharmakologie und toxikologie der technischen Universit*t München München Deutschland Department Pharmazie-Zentrum für Pharmaforschung Ludwig-Maximilians Universitt München München DeutschlandInstitut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie der Technischen Universit*t München München Deutschland Department Pharmazie-Zentrum für Pharmaforschung Ludwig-Maximilians Universit*t München München Deutschland

心脏的起搏受控于一类存在于心脏窦房结被称作If 的离子通道 ,该通道是被细胞膜的超极化所激活 .新近 ,一类被命名为超极化激活及环化核苷酸调控的阳离子 (HCN)通道被克隆 .该家族至少有4个成员 ,即HCN1～HCN4 .其中 2个HCN2和HCN4在心... 详细信息

心脏的起搏受控于一类存在于心脏窦房结被称作If 的离子通道 ,该通道是被细胞膜的超极化所激活 .新近 ,一类被命名为超极化激活及环化核苷酸调控的阳离子 (HCN)通道被克隆 .该家族至少有4个成员 ,即HCN1～HCN4 .其中 2个HCN2和HCN4在心脏有丰富表达 .用异体表达系统表达克隆的HCN2和HCN4通道蛋白 ,其通道特性类似心脏的天然If 通道 .本综述讨论了HCN通道之间的分子结构差异。

关键词：心脏起搏离子通道分子结构功能特性超极化激活电流

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Constrained crystals deep convolutional generative adversarial network for the inverse design of crystal structures

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 588-594页

作者： teng Long Nuno M.Fortunato Ingo Opahle Yixuan Zhang Ilias Samathrakis Chen Shen oliver Gutfleisch Hongbin Zhang Institute of Materials Science Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany

Autonomous materials discovery with desired properties is one of the ultimate goals for materials science,and the current studies have been focusing mostly on high-throughput screening based on density functional theory calculations and forward modeling of physical properties using machine *** the deep learning techniques,we have developed a generative model,which can predict distinct stable crystal structures by optimizing the formation energy in the latent *** is demonstrated that the optimization of physical properties can be integrated into the generative model as on-top screening or backward propagator,both with their own *** the generative models on the binary Bi-Se system reveals that distinct crystal structures can be obtained covering the whole composition range,and the phases on the convex hull can be reproduced after the generated structures are fully relaxed to the *** method can be extended to multicomponent systems for multi-objective optimization,which paves the way to achieve the inverse design of materials with optimal properties.

关键词： properties crystal inverse

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