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Mitigation of atrazine,S-metolachlor,and diazinon using common emergent aquatic vegetation

丛书名： Springer Handbooks

2007年

作者： Frank Träger

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第6期29卷 114-121页

作者： Matthew T.Moore Martin A.Locke Robert Krǒger Water Quality and Ecology Research unit USDA Agricultural Research ServiceNational Sedimentation LaboratoryOxfordMS 38655USA

By the year 2050, the population of the united States is expected to reach over 418 million, while the global population will reach 9.6 billion. To provide safe food and fiber, agriculture must balance pesticide usage against impacts on natural resources. Challenges arise when storms cause runoff to be transported to aquatic receiving systems. Vegetated systems such as drainage ditches and constructed wetlands have been proposed as management practices to alleviate pesticide runoff. Twelve experimental mesocosms （1.3 ±0.71 ± 0.61 m） were filled with sediment and planted with a monoculture of one of three wetland plant species （Typha latifolia, Leersia oryzoides, and Sparganium arnericanurn）. Three mesocosms remained unvegetated to serve as controls. All mesocosms were amended with 9.2 ± 0.8 μg/L, 12 ± 0.4 μg/L, and 3.1 ± 0.2 μg/L of atrazine, metolachlor, and diazinon, respectively, over a 4 hr hydraulic retention time to simulate storm runoff. Following the 4 hr amendment, non-amended water was flushed through mesocosms for an additional 4 hr. Outflow water samples were taken hourly from pre-amendment through 8 hr, and again at 12, 24, 48, 72, and 168 hr post-amendment. L. oryzoides and T. latifolia had mean atrazine, metolachlor, and diazinon retentions from B1%-55% for the first 4 hr of the experiment. Aside from S. arnericanum and atrazine （25% retention）, unvegetated controls had the lowest pesticide retention （17%-28%） of all compared mesocosms. While native aquatic vegetation shows promise for mitigation of pesticide runoff, further studies increasing the hydraulic retention time for improved efficiency should be examined.

关键词： Phytoremediation Pesticide Mesocosm Wetland

Combatting anthrax outbreaks across Nigeria's national land borders: need to optimize surveillance with epidemiological surveys

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 100-100页

作者： Hammed O.Mogaji Babatunde Adewale Stella I.Smith Ehimario u.Igumbor Chidumebi J.Idemili Andrew W.Taylor-Robinson Yale School of Public Health Yale University New Haven USA Parasitology and Epidemiology unit Federal University Oye-Ekiti Oye-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Public Health and Epidemiology Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Centre for Infectious Disease Research Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Department of Public Health Walter Sisulu University Mthatha South Africa Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation University of Toronto Toronto Canada College of Health Sciences Vin University Hanoi Vietnam Center for Global Health Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA

Background Anthrax is a non-contagious zoonotic disease caused by the Gram-positive,spore-forming bac-terium Bacillus *** is common in livestock and wild animals such as cattle,goats,sheep,camels,and *** humans,anthrax may occur after contact with contaminated carcasses or animal products like milk and *** best method to prevent anthrax in people is to ensure livestock are vaccinated,which significantly limits the risk of zoonotic spread to ***,the rate of vaccination of domesticated animals kept by nomadic pastoralists in West Africa is *** groups regularly cross over national boundaries with their grazing *** is a country that historically has done comparatively well to contain this public health ***,in 2023 several outbreaks of human disease appear linked to the consumption of anthrax-contaminated animal products brought into Nigeria by pastoralists from neighboring *** manifestations include skin sores or ulcers,nausea,vomiting,and *** article aims to raise awareness of recent outbreaks of anthrax in West Africa and to callfor a renewed focus on measures to combat this neglected public health concern to the *** body The imperative to pinpoint pivotal issues relating to the ongoing emergence of anthrax cases in Nigeria cannot be *** delving into the prevalence of anthrax in both livestock and human populations residing along Nigeria's borders,unraveling the genetic diversity and potential sources of *** strains,and identify-ing the primary animal host(s)responsible for transmission,we stand to enhance our understanding of this critical ***,investigating the multifaceted factors contributing to anthrax transmission,assessing community knowledge and practices,mapping common migratory routes of pastoralists,and formulating targeted interven-tion strategies tailored to the challenges of border communities,are each crucial steps towards eff

关键词： border Combat doubt

大型X射线光学仪器:单层镜和多层镜的制造与表征(英文)

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光学精密工程 2007年第12期15卷 1869-1877页

作者： Michael Strmer Dietrich Huβler Wolfgang Jger Rüdiger Bormann Institute of Materials Research GKSS-Research Centre Geesthacht GmbHMax-Planck-Strasse 121502 GeesthachtGermany Microanalysis of Materials Faculty of EngineeringUniversity KielKaiserstrasse 224143 KielGermany

150 ～500 mm长度的各种X射线光学元件可用于光束导引,光束调整,以及单色化。本文介绍了两种不同的大型X射线反射镜。第一种为单层反射镜,这种反射镜以2°掠入射角在软X射线区(50 ～200 eV)起全反射镜作用,可用于自由电子激光器,如德国... 详细信息

150 ～500 mm长度的各种X射线光学元件可用于光束导引,光束调整,以及单色化。本文介绍了两种不同的大型X射线反射镜。第一种为单层反射镜,这种反射镜以2°掠入射角在软X射线区(50 ～200 eV)起全反射镜作用,可用于自由电子激光器,如德国汉堡的FLASH。第二种是多层镜,由于它的布喇格反射特性,适于作为反射镜以0 .4 ～1°的入射角用于硬X射线区(20 ～50 keV) ,如层析光束线的同步辐射存储环中。两种反射镜都用最新物理汽相淀积法制备,并用磁控溅射来实现X射线光学应用所需要的优良光学品质。这一淀积工艺使不同批次的镀膜稳定性良好,有利于实际反射镜在优质衬底上的最后淀积。单层镜和多层镜在它们的相关能量范围内都有很高的反射率,表面粗糙度也很低,且在整个光学波长区这些特性表现均匀。文中所叙相关研究都是借助X射线反射计量(XRR)法,透射电子显微镜(TEM)、光学轮廓仪(OP) ,以及原子力显微镜(AFM)完成的。

关键词： X射线光学多层膜反射镜全反射镜 X射线反射测量磁控溅射同步辐射自由电子激光器

Analysis of the periodic solutions of a smooth and discontinuous oscillator

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2013年第4期29卷 575-582页

作者： Zhi-Xin Li Qing-Jie Cao Marian Wiercigroch Alain Léger Centre for Nonlinear Dynamics Research Harbin Institute of Technology School of Astronautics Centre for Applied Dynamics Research School of Engineering University of Aberdeen King's College Laboratoire de Mécanique et d' Acoustique CNRS 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier 13402 Marseille Cedex 20 France

In this paper, the periodic solutions of the smooth and discontinuous （SD） oscillator, which is a strongly irra- tional nonlinear system are discussed for the system having a viscous damping and an external harmonic excitation. A four dimensional averaging method is employed by using the complete Jacobian elliptic integrals directly to obtain the perturbed primary responses which bifurcate from both the hyperbolic saddle and the non-hyperbolic centres of the un- perturbed system. The stability of these periodic solutions is analysed by examining the four dimensional averaged equa- tion using Lyapunov method. The results presented herein this paper are valid for both smooth （e 〉 0） and discontin- uous （ce = 0） stages providing the answer to the question why the averaging theorem spectacularly fails for the case of medium strength of external forcing in the Duffing system analysed by Holmes. Numerical calculations show a good agreement with the theoretical predictions and an excellent efficiency of the analysis for this particular system, which also suggests the analysis is applicable to strongly nonlinear systems.

关键词： SD oscillator ~ Averaging method. Periodic so-lution ~ Irrational nonlinearity ~ Elliptic integral

NITROGEN FIXATION OF Azorhizobium IN ARTIFICIALLY INDuCED ROOT PARA-NODuLES IN WHEAT

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Science China Chemistry 1992年第12期35卷 1463-1470页

作者：陈廷伟 SIEGFRIED SCHERER PETER Bger Soils and Fertilizer Institute Chinese Academy of Agriculiural SciencesBeijing 100081PRC Bacteriological Institute Faculty of Agriculture Technical University Munchen D-8050 Freising Germany Lehrstuhl für Physiologie und Biochemie der Pflanzen Universitat Konstanz D-7750 Konstanz Germany

Nodule-like structures (para-nodules) can be induced in wheat roots by low concentrationsof 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), a synthetic analogue of the plant growth hor-mone indole-acetic acid. Growth of nodulated wheat plants was not affected by 2,4-D treat-ment. Infection of these?para-nodules by adding oxygen-tolerant Azorhizobium caulinodans isolat-ed from stem nodules of the tropical legume Sesbania rostrata resulted in massive prolifera-tion of bacterial cells in the intercellular spaces as well as inside the para-nodular ***-nodules colonized by Azorhizobium coulinodans not only reduced acetylene, but alsotransferred fixed nitrogen to the plant, contributing up to 16--23% of the nitrogen budgetof infected wheat.

关键词： Azorhizobium nitrogen fixation nodules wheat

The brain–immune cells axis controls tissue specific immunopathology

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第2期16卷 101-103页

作者： Maxi Heyner Sarah Schreier Andrea Kröger Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene Otto-von-Guericke University MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany Innate Immunity and Infection Group Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweigGermany

During viral infections,cell death can be induced as a direct result of cytopathic virus replication in various cell types and tissues or as an immune response of the host to the infectious *** leads to an infiltration of inflammatory cells,causing subsequent tissue *** balance between effective elimination of the pathogen and prevention of fatal tissue damage is decisive for *** host has developed various mechanisms to inhibit excessive immune responses.

关键词： prevention damage death

On the material dependency of peri-implant morphology and stability in healing bone

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第10期28卷 155-166页

作者： Stefan Bruns Diana Krüger Silvia Galli D.C.Florian Wieland Jorg u.Hammel Felix Beckmann Ann Wennerberg Regine Willumeit-Romer Berit Zeller-Plumhoff Julian Moosmann Institute of Metallic Biomaterials Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonMax-Planck-Str.121502GeesthachtGermany university of Malmo Faculty of OdontologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsCarl Gustafs Vag 34Klerken20506MalmoSweden Institute of Materials Physics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonMax-Planck-Str.121502GeesthachtGermany university of Gothenburg Institute of OdontologyDepartment of ProsthodonticsMedicinaregatan 12 f41390GoteborgSweden

The microstructural architecture of remodeled bone in the peri-implant region of screw implants plays a vital role in the distribution of strain energy and implant *** present a study in which screw implants made from titanium,polyetheretherketone and biodegradable magnesium-gadolinium alloys were implanted into rat tibia and subjected to a push-out test four,eight and twelve weeks after *** were 4 mm in length and with an M2 *** loading experiment was accompanied by simultaneous three-dimensional imaging using synchrotron-radiation microcomputed tomography at 5μm *** deformation and strains were tracked by applying optical flow-based digital volume correlation to the recorded image *** stabilities measured for screws of biodegradable alloys were comparable to pins whereas non-degradable biomaterials experienced additional mechanical ***-implant bone morphology and strain transfer from the loaded implant site depended heavily on the biomaterial *** implants stimulated rapid callus formation displaying a consistent monomodal strain profile whereas the bone volume fraction in the vicinity of magnesium-gadolinium alloys exhibited a minimum close to the interface of the implant and less ordered strain *** in our data suggest that implant stability benefits from disparate bone morphological properties depending on the biomaterial *** leaves the choice of biomaterial as situational depending on local tissue properties.

关键词： Biodegradable implant materials Bone mechanical testing Implant stability Synchrotron micro-computed tomography imaging Digital volume correlation

Radiological findings of February 2023 twin earthquakes-related spine injuries

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World Journal of Radiology 2024年第9期16卷 398-406页

作者： Ayşenur Bolukçu Ahmet Gürkan Erdemir İlkay Sedakatİdilman Adalet Elçin Yildiz GökçenÇobanÇifçi Mehmet Ruhi Onur Erhan Akpinar Department of Radiology Hacettepe UniversityFaculty of MedicineAnkara 06100Türkiye Department of Radiology University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637United States

BACKGROuND The February 6,2023,twin earthquakes in Türkiye caused significant structural damage and a high number of injuries,particularly affecting the spine,which underscores the importance of understanding the distribution and nature of vertebral injuries in disaster *** To investigate the distribution of radiological findings of vertebral injuries in patients referred to a major tertiary center during the February 6,2023 twin earthquakes in Tü*** With the approval of the institutional ethics committee,1216 examinations of 238 patients transferred from the region to a tertiary major hospital after the twin earthquakes of February 6,2023,were retrospectively analyzed for spine *** Spine computed tomography(CT)scans were performed in 192 of 238 patients with a suspected spinal injury,42 of whom also had an magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).In 86 of 192 patients(44.79%;M:F=33:53)a spinal fracture was detected on CT and in 33 of 42 patients(78.57%;M:F=20:13)a spinal injury was found on *** the 86 patients in whom vertebral injury was detected,fractures were detected in the Denis-B group in 33,Denis-C in 4,Denis-D in 20 and Denis-E in 11 *** the vertebral bodies:40"compression fractures",17"burst fractures",5"translational dislocation fractures",5"flexion-distraction fractures"and 58"prolonged forced fetal posture fractures"were *** addition,isolated transverse or spinous process fractures were found in eighteen *** Our study highlights the prevalence and diverse spectrum of spinal injuries following the February 6,2023 twin earthquakes in Turkey underscoring the urgent need for effective management strategies in similar disaster scenarios,and emphasizing the"prolonged forced fetal posture"damage we encountered in earthquake victims who remained under the collapse for a long time.

关键词： Accidental injuries Compression fractures Crush injuries Earthquakes Spine

The Promotion of Building Culture in Rural germany

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Built Heritage 2019年第2期3卷 37-49页

作者： Xiaoping Xie Tobias Krüger Leibniz Institute of Ecological urban and Regional Development(IOER) DresdenGermany

Over the past two decades,building culture has increasingly caught the attention of the architectural and planning *** building culture is to be understood in the broadest sense as the sum of all cultural,economic,technological,social and ecological factors influencing the quality and process of planning and construc*** the revitalisation and promotion of building culture is central to discussions on urban areas,these are generally ignored in regard to rural *** article aims to provide an overview of how building culture has been promoted in germany’s rural areas,thereby contributing to international research on this *** paper adopts a general descriptive approach in examining the promotion of building culture in rural *** provides background knowledge on institutional promotion and demonstrates the diverse approaches implemented in representative villages as best practices *** german experience confirms that the promotion of building culture is a meaningful and effective measure to help revitalise rural ***,the three selected rural municipalities show how stakeholders from civil society are increasingly involved in measures to implement and promote building culture in the local context.

关键词： building culture Baukultur rural germany institutional promotion rural revitalisation civil society initiative