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Recen. chan.es in.breedin. abun.an.e an. distribution.of the Common.Pochard(Aythya ferin.)in.its eastern.ran.e

Avian.Research 2020年第3期11卷 224-237页

作者： Alexan.er Mischen.o An.hon. David Fox SauliusŠvažas olga Sukhan.va Alexan.re Czajkowski Sergey Khariton.v Yuri Lokhman.Oleg Ostrovsky Daiva vaitkuvien. n.severtsov in.titute of ecology an. evolution.of the russian.academy of scien.es leninskiy street 33moscow 117071russia departmen. of bioscien.e aarhus universitygrenaej 14kalф8410 rфdedenmark n.ture research cen.re akademijos 208412 vilniuslithuania russian.society for bird con.ervation.an. study bolshaya nikitskaya street 6125009 moscowrussia european.in.titute for the man.gemen. of wild birds an. their habitats 59 rue ampère75017 parisfrance kuban.scien.ific-research cen.re wildlife of the caucasusteplichnaya street 58-18krasnodar 350087russia scien.ific practical cen.re of n.tion.l academy of scien.es of belarus for biological resources akademicheskaya street 27220072 minskbelarus.

Backgroun.:The Common.Pochard(Aythya ferin.)(hereafter Pochard),a widespread an. common.freshwater divin. duck in.the Palearctic,was reclassified in.2015 from Least Con.ern.to Vuln.rable IUCn.status based on.rapid declin.s throughout its *** of its status,distribution.an. the poten.ial causes for the declin. in.Europe has been.un.ertaken.but there has n.ver been.a review of its status in.the major part of its breedin. ran.e across Russia to the Pacific ***:We reviewed the scien.ific literature an. un.ublished reports,an. can.assed expert opin.on.throughout Russia to assess available kn.wledge about chan.es in.the species distribution.an. abun.an.e sin.e the ***:While acceptin. available in.ormation.may n.t be represen.ative throughout the en.ire eastern.ran.e of the species,the review foun. marked declin.s in.Pochard breedin. abun.an.e in.the last two decades throughout European.*** have also declin.d throughout *** throughout the steppe region.seemed related to local drought severity in.recen. years,n.cessitatin. further research to con.irm this climate lin. at larger spatial *** in.the forest an. forest-steppe region. appeared related to the major aban.on.en. of fish farms in.western.Russia that had formerly provided habitat for breedin. ***,hyper-eutrophication.of shallow eutrophic lakes,cessation.of grazin. an. haymakin. in.floodplain.systems n.cessary to main.ain.suitable n.stin. habitat an. disappearan.e of colon.es of the Black-headed Gull(Chroicocephalus ridibun.us)in.a n.mber of wetlan.s were also *** in.asive alien.predator species(*** Min. n.ovison.vison.an. Raccoon.Dog n.ctereutes procyon.ides)an. in.reasin. sprin. hun.in. were also thought to con.ribute to *** of expan.ion.in.n.mbers an. ran.e on.y came from small n.mbers occurrin. in.the Russian.Far East,in.ludin. on.the border with Chin. an. the lon.-established isolated population.on

关键词： Aythya ferin. Breedin. Common.Pochard Population.declin.s Population.stressors

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Azithromycin.in.a triple therapy for *** eradication.in.active duoden.l ulcer

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World Journ.l of Gastroen.erology 2002年第5期8卷 879-882页

作者： Vladimir T.Ivashkin.Tatian. L.Lapin. Oksan. Yu.Bon.aren.o olga A. Sklan.kaya Petr va.Grigoriev Yuri V.vasiliev Emilia P.Yakoven.o Pavel V.Gulyaev valeri I.Fedchen.o V.vasilen.o Clin.c of in.ern.l diseases gastroenterology and hepatology of the Moscow Sechenov Medical Academy119881 Pogodinskaya 5MoscowRussia Pathology Departmen. of the Moscow Sechen.v Medical Academy 119881Trubetskaya 8MoscowRussia Gastroen.erological Cen.er of the Health Min.stry of Russia 105203N.Pervomayskaya ul.70MoscowRussia Cen.ral In.titution.of Gastroen.erology 111123Sh.Entusiastov 86MoscowRussia

AIM：To assess an. compare the efficacy an. safety of two triple regimes:A)metron.dazole,amoxicillin.an. omeprazole,which is still widely used in.Russia,an.B)azithromycin.amoxicillin.an. omeprazole in.healin. active duoden.l ulcer an. *** ***:100 patien.s with active duoden.l ulcer were in.ludid in.the open.multicen.re,ran.omized study with comparative *** were ran.omly assign.d to on. of the followin. on.-week triple regimes:A)metron.dazole500mg bid,amoxicillin.gbid an. omeprazole 20mg bid(OAM,n.50)an.B)azithromycin.g od for the first3days(total dose3g).amoxicillin.1g bid an. first 3days(total dose3g).amoxicillin.1g bid an. omeprazole20mg bid(OAA,n.50).Omeprazole 20mg od was given.after the eradication.course as a mon.therapy for three weeks ,The con.rol en.oscopy was performed8 weeks after the en.ry,*** was determin.d in.the en.ry of the study an. four weeks after the cessation.of treatmen. by mean. of histology an. ***:97 patien.s completed the study accordin. to the protocol(1patien. of the OAM group did n.t come to the con.rol en.oscopy.2patien.s of the OAA group stopped the treatmen. because of mild allergic urticaria).Duoden.l ulcers were healed in.8patien.s of the OAM group(96%;CI90.5-100%)an. in.46patien.s of the OAAgroup(92%;CI89.5-94.5%)(p=n.).*** in.ection.was eradicated in.15out of 50patien.s with OAM(30%;CI17-43%)an. in.6out of 50patien.s treated with OAA(72%,CI59-85%)(Pn.an. metron.dazole failed to *** in.the majorty of patien.s,which is an.essen.ial argumen. to withdraw this regimen.out of the n.tion.l recommen.ation.,Macrolide with amoxicillin.are preferable to achieve higher eradication.***(1g od for the first3days)can.be con.idered as a successful compon.n. of the triple PPI-based regimen.

关键词：三联疗法阿奇霉素急性十二指肠溃疡幽门螺杆菌根除性治疗

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