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Microbial phenolic metabolites are associated with better frontal lobe cognition

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Inés Domínguez-López Isabella Parilli-Moser Anna Vallverdú-Queralt Anna Tresserra-Rimbau Cinta Valls-Pedret Zenaida Vázquez-Ruiz olga Casta?er Ramon Estruch Emili Ros Rosa M.Lamuela-Raventós Lipid Clinic， Endocrinology and Nutrition Service， Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer， Hospital Clínic 08036 Barcelona， Spain Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition， Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM) Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health， University of Navarra Departament de Nutrició， Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomía， Facultat de Farmacia， Universitat de Barcelon (UB)， Av.de Joan XXII Department of Endocrinology， Hospital Clinic IDIBAPS， Barcelona， Spain Department of Internal Medicine， Hospital Clinic， Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)， University of Barcelona CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN)， Instituto de Salud Carlos III Institut de Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA)， Universitat de Barcelona (UB)

With increasing life expectancy， neurodegenerative diseases have become one of the leading causes of ill-health in the elderly. Preventive strategies include following healthy diets， such as the Mediterranean diet， which is particularly rich in polyphenols， bioactive compounds with neuroprotective properties. The aim of this study was to assess the association of microbial phenolic metabolites (MPM) with cognition. This cross-sectional analysis was performed with 200 participants of the PREDIMED trial (Barcelona-Clinic recruitment center). A novel method based on liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was used to identify urinary MPM (protocatechuic acid， enterodiol glucuronide， enterolactone glucuronide， urolithin B glucuronide， and vanillic acid glucuronide)， and cognitive function was evaluated with neuropsychological tests. Multivariable-adjusted ordinary least squares regression was used to assess the associations between cognitive function and MPM， and a score was calculated as the weighted sum of MPM. A higher MPM score was associated with better frontal lobe function. Among individual metabolites， vanillic acid glucuronide was correlated with frontal cognitive performance. Participants with higher concentrations of vanillic acid glucuronide and urolithin B glucuronide obtained better scores in the Color Trail Test part 2. A higher score for urinary multi-MPM was associated with better frontal cognitive performance in an older Mediterranean population.

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Biodiversity of Edible Caterpillars of Imbrasia and Host Plants in Boukoko (Central African Republic)

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Advances in Entomology 2024年第1期12卷 38-55页

作者： Lucie Aba-Toumnou Solange-Patrica Wango Denis Beina Jean-Pierre Moalbaye Gorgon Igor Touckia Rufin Reo-Ndouba Felix Allah-Barem olga Diane Yongo Laboratory of Biological and Agronomical Sciences for Development Faculty of Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Laboratory of Applied Animal Biology and Biodiversity University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Center of Studies and Research on Pharmacopoeia and Traditional African Medicine (CERPHAMETA) University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Plant and Fungal Biodiversity Laboratory Faculty of Science University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Higher Institute for Rural Development (ISDR) University of Bangui Mba&iumlki Central African Republic Central African Republic Institute of Agriculture Research Bangui Central African Republic

In Central African Republic, edible caterpillars of Imbrasia gender are income of rural populations, present an opportunity to improve food security and belonging to the category of Non-wood forest products. The goal of this study is to document the ecology of caterpillars of genre Imbrasia in relation to its host plants in Boukoko. The questionnaire was addressed to the actors of the collection and consumption of caterpillars in this Commune, to their local knowledge concerning this food resource as well as the plants of their locality on which caterpillars are collected. The survey took place in September to October 2022 and as a general rule, the 120 respondents were elderly people whose age range varied from 35 to 70 years old. Plant samples are collected in their natural environment. Based on local names;herbaria are mounted, plants photographed and samples collected. The types of edible caterpillars have been inventoried in the field in collaboration with the local populations who consume them. Based on local names, the caterpillars are captured manually from morphological traits and then stored in bottles containing 70% ethanol. The specimens were identified. The data was entered into the Excel spreadsheet which also made it possible to produce histograms with the frequencies of the plant species most valued by the different caterpillars. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was then performed using R software to highlight the correlation between caterpillars and host plants. The main economic importance trees hosting edible caterpillars of Imbrasia gender in Boukoko region are: Entandrophragma cylindricum, Pentaclethra macrophylla, Maesopsis eminii, Albizia ferruginea, Macaranga spinosa, Amphimas ferrugineus, Pentaclethra macrophylla, Racosperma auriculiforme, Eribroma oblonga. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) carried out to assess the variability between the different species of caterpillars according to their host plants shows that the first two axes

关键词： Forest Degradation Losing Biodiversity of Consumed Insects Local Population

树轮记录的阿尔泰山南坡过去304年夏季温度变化及水热配置模式

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第四纪研究 2024年第4期44卷 859-868页

作者：李强刘禹 olga Solomina 王嘉川 Vladimir Matskovsky 宋慧明孙长峰庞文轩闫亚兰蔡秋芳任萌程海全球环境变化研究院西安交通大学陕西西安710049 黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室中国科学院地球环境研究所陕西西安710061 Institute of Geography Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119017Russia 西安地球环境创新研究院陕西西安710061

阿尔泰山南坡受到西风急流、北冰洋冷湿气流、蒙古-西伯利亚高压和亚洲低压共同影响,形成了当地特有的气候模式;同时,阿尔泰山地区是欧亚沟通的枢纽地带,气候变化对周边人类生产生活以及生态系统影响显著。因此有必要了解阿尔泰山周边... 详细信息

阿尔泰山南坡受到西风急流、北冰洋冷湿气流、蒙古-西伯利亚高压和亚洲低压共同影响,形成了当地特有的气候模式;同时,阿尔泰山地区是欧亚沟通的枢纽地带,气候变化对周边人类生产生活以及生态系统影响显著。因此有必要了解阿尔泰山周边气候变化长期历史,识别气候变化特征,总结规律以应对未来气候变化带来的灾害。本研究利用相关分析发现阿尔泰山南坡西伯利亚落叶松树轮宽度年表与夏季(6~7月)温度呈显著关系(r=0.626,n=58,p<0.001),进而建立一阶线性回归模型方程定量重建了阿尔泰山南坡过去304年(1715~2018年)夏季温度变化。统计结果显示重建序列稳定可靠,并有能力代表大范围的温度变化特征。重建存在5个暖期(1740~1767年、1775~1793年、1837~1847年、1898~1909年、1990~2018年)和5个冷期(1715~1727年、1807~1828年、1848~1858年、1876~1897年、1927~1940年)。虽然自1990年来温度持续上升(1990~2018年温度距平0.33℃),但并未超过1740~1767年的温度(温度距平0.49℃)。结合周边降水重建序列,发现研究区域在过去3个多世纪表现出夏季水热同步的配置模式,即暖湿/冷干模态占主导地位。

关键词：温度重建树轮宽度阿尔泰山西伯利亚落叶松

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释“知”

中国文字研究 2024年第1期 26-31页

作者：郭静云南京大学全球人文研究院江苏苏州216163

“知/智”二字的本字是甲骨文中已有的从“■”(矢)、“口”的“■”字,可以直接隶定为“知”。该字在甲骨文中用作动词,在“知乞骨”句中表达占卜之前加工卜甲、卜骨,或解释为钻孔加工。在殷商的信仰中,“知乞骨”绝对是一件神秘之事:... 详细信息

“知/智”二字的本字是甲骨文中已有的从“■”(矢)、“口”的“■”字,可以直接隶定为“知”。该字在甲骨文中用作动词,在“知乞骨”句中表达占卜之前加工卜甲、卜骨,或解释为钻孔加工。在殷商的信仰中,“知乞骨”绝对是一件神秘之事:神灵认可这些卜骨,并同意只有在经由这些卜骨沟通时,巫师才可以使用这些卜骨。由此,我们或可以推论,“知”字最早的意义,是在具体形容加工卜骨的同时,也表达甲骨能获得灵验之图谋,可用作神秘沟通之媒介。通过“知”这种神秘的加工行为,一般的龟甲和牛骨成为可知天意的卜甲、卜骨。在青铜器铭文上也出现“知/智”字,用来表达与崇高界的神秘沟通。战国楚简和传世文献也表达“知/智”含有神秘知通之意。所以,通过殷商以后“知/智”字的用义,可以看出该字以甲骨文“知”字为源头。从西周晚期以来,“知”字有“知”“■”“■”“■”等数种写法,这些字形的字义都相同,所以它们都是“知”字的异构,在意义方面与神秘、明智等本义仍保留有一定的关系。

关键词：古文字甲骨文占卜祭祀辞知

Exploring van der Waals materials with high anisotropy:geometrical and optical approaches

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 645-653页

作者： Aleksandr S.Slavich Georgy A.Ermolaev Mikhail K.Tatmyshevskiy Adilet N.Toksumakov olga G.Matveeva Dmitriy V.Grudinin Kirill V.Voronin Arslan Mazitov Konstantin V.Kravtsov Alexander V.Syuy Dmitry M.Tsymbarenko Mikhail S.Mironov Sergey M.Novikov Ivan Kruglov Davit A.Ghazaryan Andrey A.Vyshnevyy Aleksey V.Arsenin Valentyn S.Volkov Kostya S.Novoselov Moscow Center for Advanced Studies Kulakova str.20Moscow 123592Russia. Emerging Technologies Research Center XPANCEOInternet CityEmmay TowerDubaiUnited Arab Emirates. Donostia International Physics Center(DIPC) Donostia/San-Sebastián 20018Spain. Institute of Materials Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne1015 LausanneSwitzerland. Department of Chemistry Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia. Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials Yerevan State UniversityYerevan 0025Armenia. National Graphene Institute(NGI) University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK. Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 03-09 EASingapore. Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials National University of Singapore117544 SingaporeSingapore

The emergence of van der Waals(vdW)materials resulted in the discovery of their high optical,mechanical,and electronic anisotropic properties,immediately enabling countless novel phenomena and *** success inspired an intensive search for the highest possible anisotropic properties among vdW ***,the identification of the most promising among the huge family of vdW materials is a challenging quest requiring innovative ***,we suggest an easy-to-use method for such a survey based on the crystallographic geometrical perspective of vdW materials followed by their optical *** our approach,we found As2S3 as a highly anisotropic vdW *** demonstrates high in-plane optical anisotropy that is~20%larger than for rutile and over two times as large as calcite,high refractive index,and transparency in the visible range,overcoming the century-long record set by *** these benefits,As2S3 opens a pathway towards nextgeneration nanophotonics as demonstrated by an ultrathin true zero-order quarter-wave plate that combines classical and the Fabry–Pérot optical phase ***,our approach provides an effective and easy-to-use method to find vdW materials with the utmost anisotropic properties.

关键词： anisotropy anisotropic high

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腐植酸包膜尿素减少土壤氮素损失的研究

腐植酸 2024年第5期 50-58页

作者： Konstantin Korsakov Alexey Stepanov Lev Pozdnyakov olga Yakimenko 刘晓蕾寇太记俄罗斯莫斯科生命力量集团有限责任公司俄罗斯莫斯科国立大学土壤科学系河南科技大学农学院

通过室内模型试验，以普通尿素（U）、腐植酸包膜尿素（U-HA）和脲酶抑制剂N-（正丁基）硫磷三酰胺处理尿素（U-UI）为研究对象，研究了3种尿素肥料对土壤氮素转化过程的影响。更正研究了尿素肥料对土壤化学（水浸提N-NH4和N-NO3含量）... 详细信息

通过室内模型试验，以普通尿素（U）、腐植酸包膜尿素（U-HA）和脲酶抑制剂N-（正丁基）硫磷三酰胺处理尿素（U-UI）为研究对象，研究了3种尿素肥料对土壤氮素转化过程的影响。更正研究了尿素肥料对土壤化学（水浸提N-NH4和N-NO3含量）和微生物特性（N2O实际和潜在排放速率、基础呼吸和底物诱导的呼吸、微生物生物量碳、乙烯排放速率）的影响，旨在验证：（i）腐植酸包膜尿素是否具有减少土壤氮素损失的能力；（ii）与合成脲酶抑制剂相比，它是如何影响土壤生物活性的。结果表明，U-HA在减少土壤氮素损失方面具有与U相当的优势，使土壤N-NH4含量增加了35%，硝酸盐含量减少了9%，N2O排放减少了50%。U-HA使土壤基础呼吸提高了10%，土壤微生物群落比活性提高了7%，提供了最高的代谢熵qCO2。与U-UI相比，U-HA主要表现为介于U-UI和U之间的效果。考虑到腐植酸原料成本低，U-HA可以被认为是减少土壤氮素损失的有前景的工具。

关键词：腐殖质腐植酸钾风化褐煤尿素无机养分氨化作用反硝化作用脲酶抑制剂

Paleoclimate Study of Mountain Ecosystems by Multiple Group Biological Analysis

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Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第1期8卷 24-36页

作者： Marina SKRYPNIKOVA olga USPENSKAYA olga KHOKHLOVA Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute of Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences Pyzhevsky Lane7Moscow109017Russia Vegetable Institute of Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences h.500v.VereaRamenskii distMoscow region140153Russia Institute of Physical Chemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science of RASUlitsa Institutskaya2PushchinoMoscow region142290Russia

Methodological problems of climatic reconstruction for different periods of Holocene are discussed on the basis of a multiple group biological analysis on peat-sapropel sediments. The possibility of biological analysis is exemplified by the paleoclimatic reconstruction for Carpathian and Altai Mountain ranges. For the ＂Skolevsky Beskidy＂ national park of Carpaty the paleoclimatic scenarios have been drown up aiming at the more precise definition of climatic conditions for the period of mass mountain slope terracing. The stability of terrace systems of various designs in the current climatic conditions has been assessed. It is shown that during periods of humid climate the terraces, whose designs have been focused on drainage, were built. In periods of dry and warm climate the terrace systems capable of accumulating water were built. Both these types of terrace systems are destroyed in nowadays. Only those terrace systems are stable which were adjusted by their builders to contrast variations of precipitation. For Western Altais the paleoclimatic scenario has been done to forecast the safety of the Bronze Age kurgans （burial earth mounds） with permafrost inside the construction. In the Altay region during the Holocene it has revealed two periods of sharp cooling, the peaks of which occurred in the intervals 4500- 4300 and 2500-2300 years pronounced climatic drying ago, and two periods of 4900-4700 and 130-70 years ago. Depletion of the algae composition in the layer corresponding to the last period of drying climate indicates a very sharp change in the parameters of moisture and turning the lake into a dry swamp. Periods of cold weather may have contributed to the formation of special ritual traditions of the Sakan tribes that require the frozen ground to bury the dead. The later climate fluctuations identified have not affected the safety of permafrost in burial mounds constructed in the V-III cc BC.

关键词： Climatic reconstruction Complex group biological analysis of peat-sapropel sediments Paleopedology Soil evolution Holocene

Nonconservative mechanical systems with nonholonomic constraints

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2012年第8期55卷 1475-1484页

作者： KRUPKOV olga Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science The University of Ostrava 30. dubna 22 701 03 Ostrava Czech Republic Department of Mathematics and Statistics La Trobe University Melbourne Victoria 3086 Australia

A geometric setting for generally nonconservative mechanical systems on fibred manifolds is proposed. Emphasis is put on an explicit formulation of nonholonomic mechanics when an unconstrained Lagrangian system moves in a generally non-potential force field depending on time, positions and velocities, and the constraints are nonholonomic, not necessarily linear in velocities. Equations of motion, and the corresponding Harniltonian equations in intrinsic form are given. Regularity conditions are found and a nonholonomic Legendre transformation is proposed, leading to a canonical form of the nonholonomic Hamiltonian equations for nonconservative systems.

关键词： nonconservative mechanical systems equations of motion Hamiltonian equations nonholonomic constraints Chetaevequations Hamiltonian equations for nonconservative nonholonomic systems

Cytotoxic Properties on Cervical and Liver Cancer Cells of Two Plant Recipes from Burkina Faso

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第6期12卷 216-229页

作者： Estelle Ouédraogo Bagora Bayala Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon Samiratou Ouédraogo olga Mélanie Lompo Essi Etonam Dovo Jean-Marie Compaoré Albert Théophane Yonli Jacques Simpore Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE) Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Center of Biomolecular Research Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ecole Normale Suprieure Koudougou Burkina Faso Hspital Saint Camille of Ouagadougou (HOSCO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculty of Health University Saint Thomas dAquin (USTA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Chair Research and Action against Cancer Department of Public Health Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Population Health Observatory National Institute of Public Health Ouagadougou Burkina Faso The Department of Epidemiology Biostatistics and Occupational Health School of Population and Global Health Montral Canada Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy and Cytology University Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso TIIG LA TIIM Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in developing countries. In recent years, natural plant-based compounds have been used in the search for drugs to combat numerous diseases, including cancer. In this study, we evaluate the cytotoxic properties of paanfo tiben 1 and paanfo tiben 2, two traditional herbal formulations from Burkina Faso used in the treatment of cancer in Burkina Faso. To this end, the recipes were infused and freeze-dried. The dry extracts obtained were used to determine total phenolics and flavonoids content, assess antioxidant activity using the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods, evaluate anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting 15-LOX, COX 1 and 2, and assess cytotoxic activity on HeLa cervical cancer and HePG2 liver cancer cell lines using the MTT test. The paanfo tiben 1 recipe showed the highest levels of total phenolics and flavonoids, as well as the best antioxidant activities, with IC50 values of 21.020 ± 0.6 µg/ml and 22.94 ± 0.57 µg/ml for DPPH and ABTS, and 165.15 mM EAA/mg dry extract for FRAP. It also exhibited the best cytotoxic activity with IC50 values of 112.02 ± 0.025 µg/ml on HeLa cells and 80.67 ± 6.08 µg/ml on HepG2 cells. On the other hand, paanfo tiben 2 exhibited the best anti-inflammatory activities through inhibition of 15-LOX and COX 1, with inhibition percentages at 100 µg/ml of 32.523% and 24.717 % respectively. These results could justify the traditional use of these two recipes by traditional health practitioners in the treatment of cancer sufferers in Burkina Faso.

关键词： Antioxidant Anti-Inflammatory Cytotoxicity Paanfo Tiben Burkina