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Paleoclimate Study of Mountain Ecosystems by Multiple Group Biological Analysis

Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第1期8卷 24-36页

作者： Marina SKRYPNIKOVA olga USPENSKAYA olga khokhlova Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute of Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences Pyzhevsky Lane7Moscow109017Russia Vegetable Institute of Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences h.500v.VereaRamenskii distMoscow region140153Russia Institute of Physical Chemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science of RASUlitsa Institutskaya2PushchinoMoscow region142290Russia

Methodological problems of climatic reconstruction for different periods of Holocene are discussed on the basis of a multiple group biological analysis on peat-sapropel sediments. The possibility of biological analysis is exemplified by the paleoclimatic reconstruction for Carpathian and Altai Mountain ranges. For the ＂Skolevsky Beskidy＂ national park of Carpaty the paleoclimatic scenarios have been drown up aiming at the more precise definition of climatic conditions for the period of mass mountain slope terracing. The stability of terrace systems of various designs in the current climatic conditions has been assessed. It is shown that during periods of humid climate the terraces, whose designs have been focused on drainage, were built. In periods of dry and warm climate the terrace systems capable of accumulating water were built. Both these types of terrace systems are destroyed in nowadays. Only those terrace systems are stable which were adjusted by their builders to contrast variations of precipitation. For Western Altais the paleoclimatic scenario has been done to forecast the safety of the Bronze Age kurgans （burial earth mounds） with permafrost inside the construction. In the Altay region during the Holocene it has revealed two periods of sharp cooling, the peaks of which occurred in the intervals 4500- 4300 and 2500-2300 years pronounced climatic drying ago, and two periods of 4900-4700 and 130-70 years ago. Depletion of the algae composition in the layer corresponding to the last period of drying climate indicates a very sharp change in the parameters of moisture and turning the lake into a dry swamp. Periods of cold weather may have contributed to the formation of special ritual traditions of the Sakan tribes that require the frozen ground to bury the dead. The later climate fluctuations identified have not affected the safety of permafrost in burial mounds constructed in the V-III cc BC.

关键词： Climatic reconstruction Complex group biological analysis of peat-sapropel sediments Paleopedology Soil evolution Holocene

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Dynamics and genesis of calcic accumulations in soils and sediments of the Argentinean Pampa

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2015年第3期30卷 179-189页

作者： Alsu Kuznetsova olga khokhlova Department of Renewable resources University of Alberta Edmonton Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems of Soil Science RAS Puschino

Micromorphology of calcic accumulations(calcite,whewellite and gypsum) and geochemical indices were considered as indicators of genesis and evolution of pedogenic accumulations in soils and paleosediments of the Argentinean *** groups of separate and independent calcic accumulations were studied using scanning electron microscopy:(i) in situ Argiudolls,reflecting the current soil formation;(ii) in the layers of calcrete(locally named tosca).reflecting the past environments and conditions of these layers *** pedogenic gypsum accumulations in Argiudolls were described and possible ways of their formation were *** analyses of morphology of carbonate accumulations and geochemical indices in different horizons of Argiudolls and layers of tosca showed that the tosca is paleopedocomplex with complicated formation *** of current environment on tosca morphology is absent,so it is possible to use these pedofeatures for paleoreconstructions in further studying.

关键词： Carbonate accumulations Gypsum accumulations Pedogenic rhizoliths Tosca

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