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Study of the duodenal contractile activity during antral contractions

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第18期13卷 2600-2603页

作者： Ahmed Shafik olfat el sibai Ali A Shafik Department of Surgery and Experimental Research Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University Shebin El-Kom Egypt

AIM： To investigate the hypothesis that duodenal bulb （DB） inhibition on pyloric antrum （PA） contraction is reflex. METHODS： Balloon （condom）-tipped tube was introduced into 1^st duodenum （DD） and a manometric tube into each of PA and DD. Duodenal and antral pressure response to duodenal and then PA balloon distension with saline was recorded. These tests were repeated after separate anesthetization of DD and PA. RESULTS： Two and 4 mL of 1^st DD balloon distension produced no pressure changes in DD or PA （10.7±1.2 vs 9.8±1.2, 11.2±1.2 vs 11.3±1.2 on H20 respectively, P〉0.05）. Six mL distension effected 1^st DD pressure rise （30.6±3.4 cm H20, P 〈0.01） and PA pressure decrease （6.2±1.4 cm H20, P〈0.05）; no response in 2^nd, 3^rd and 4^th DD. There was no difference between 6, 8, and 10 mL distensions. Ten mL PA distension produced no PA or 1^st DD pressure changes （P〉 0.05）. Twenty mL distension increased PA pressure （92.4 4±10.7 cm H20, P〈0.01） and decreased 1^st DD pressure （1.6±0.3 cm H20, P〈0.01）; 30, 40, and 50 mL distension produced the same effect as the 20 mL distension （P 〉 0.05）. PA or DD distension after separate anesthetization produced no significant pressure changes in PA or DD. CONCLUSION： Large volume DD distension produced DD pressure rise denoting DD contraction and PA pressure decline denoting PA relaxation. PA relaxation upon DD contraction is postulated to be mediated through a reflex which we call duodeno-antral reflex. Meanwhile, PA distension effected DD relaxation which we suggest to be reflex and termed antro-duodenal reflex. It is suggested that these 2 reflexes, could act as investigative tools in diagnosis of gastroduodenal motility disorders.

关键词： Duodenal bulb Gastroduodenal disorders Reflex Pyloric antrum Motility

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Duodeno-jejunal junction dyssynergia: Description of a novel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第30期13卷 4112-4116页

作者： Ahmed Shafik Ismail A Shafik olfat el sibai Ali A Shafik Department of Surgery and Experimental Research Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University Shebin El-Kom Egypt

AIM： To investigate the hypothesis that duodeno-jejunal dyssynergia existed at the duodeno-jejunal junction.METHODS： Of 112 patients who complained of epigastric distension and discomfort after meals, we encountered nine patients in whom the duodeno-jejunal junction did not open on duodenal contraction. Seven healthy volunteers were included in the study. A condom which was inserted into the ist duodenum was filled up to 10 mL with saline in increments of 2 mL and pressure response to duodenal distension was recorded from the duodenum, duodeno-jejunal junction and the jejunum.RESULTS： In healthy volunteers, duodenal distension with 2 and 4 mL did not produce pressure changes, while 6 and up to 10 mL distension effected significant duodenal pressure increase, duodeno-jejunal junction pressure decrease but no jejunal pressure change. In patients, resting pressure and duodeno-jejunal junction and jejunal pressure response to 2 and 4 mL duodenal distension were similar to those of healthy volunteers. Six and up to 10 mL 1^st duodenal distension produced significant duodenal and duodeno-jejunal junction pressure increase and no jejunal pressure change.CONCLUSION： Duodeno-jejunal junction failed to open on duodenal contraction, a condition we call ＇duodenojejunal junction dyssynergia syndrome＇ which probably leads to stagnation of chyme in the duodenum and explains patients＇ manifestations.

关键词： Epigastric distension Vomiting Nausea Dyspepsia Chyme

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Effect of thermal cutaneous stimulation on the gastric motor activity:Study of the mechanism of action

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第14期14卷 2226-2229页

作者： Ahmed Shafik Ali A Shafik olfat el sibai Ismail A Shafik Department of Surgery and Experimental Research Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo 11121 Egypt Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University Shebin El-Kom Egypt

AIM:To investigate the mechanism of action of thermal cutaneous stimulation on the gastric motor inhibition. METHODS:The gastric tone of 33 healthy volunteers (20 men, mean age 36.7 ± 8.4 years) was assessed by a barostat system consisting of a balloon-ended tube connected to a strain gauge and air-injection system. The tube was introduced into the stomach and the balloon was inflated with 300 mL of air. The skin temperature was elevated in increments of 3℃ up to 49℃ and the gastric tone was simultaneously assessed by recording the balloon volume variations expressed as the percentage change from the baseline volume. The test was repeated after separate anesthetization of the skin and stomach with lidocaine and after using normal saline instead of lidocaine. RESULTS:Thermal cutaneous stimulation resulted in a significant decrease of gastric tone 61.2% ± 10.3% of the mean baseline volume. Mean latency was 25.6 ± 1.2 ms. After 20 min of individual anesthetization of the skin and stomach, thermal cutaneous stimulation produced no significant change in gastric tone. CONCLUSION:Decrease in the gastric tone in response to thermal cutaneous stimulation suggests a reflex relationship which was absent on individual anesthetization of the 2 possible arms of the reflex arc:the skin and the stomach. We call this relationship the"cutaneo-gastric inhibitory reflex". This reflex may have the potential to serve as an investigative tool in the diagnosis of gastric motor disorders, provided further studies are performed in this respect.

关键词： Gastric tone Barostat Gastric disorders

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The cavernoso-anal reflex： response of the anal sphincters to cavernosus muscles＇ stimulation

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2006年第A3期8卷 331-336页

作者： Ahmed Shafik Ismail Shafik Ali A. Shafik olfat el sibai Department of Surgery and Experimental Research Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo 11121 Egypt Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University Shebin El-Kom Egypt

Aim： To prove the hypothesis that cavernosus muscles＇ contraction during coitus affects the reflex contraction of anal sphincters. Methods： electromyographic response of external and internal anal sphincters to ischiocavernosus and bulbocavernosus muscle stimulation was studied in 17 healthy volunteers （10 men, 7 women, mean aged 38.3 ± 11.6 years）. The test was repeated after individual anesthetization of anal sphincters and the two cavernosus muscles,and after using saline instead of lidocaine. Results： Upon stimulation of each of the two cavernosus muscles,external and internal anal sphincters recorded increased electromyographic activity. Anal sphincters did not respond to stimulation of the anesthetized cavernosus muscles nor did anesthetized anal sphincters respond to cavernosus muscles＇ stimulation. Saline infiltration did not affect anal sphincteric response to cavernosal muscles＇ ***： Cavernosus muscles＇ contraction is suggested to evoke anal sphincteric contraction, which seems to be a reflex and mediated through the ＂cavernoso-anal reflex＂. Anal sphincteric contraction during coitus presumably acts to close the anal canal to thwart flatus or fecal leak.

关键词： bulbocavernosus muscle ischiocavernosus muscle erection sexual act orgasm erectile dysfunction

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Functional activity of the rectum:A conduit organ or a storage organ or both?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第28期12卷 4549-4552页

作者： Ahmed Shafik Randa M Mostafa Ismail Shafik olfat EI-sibai Ali A Shafik Department of Surgery and Experimental Research Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Physiology Faculty of MedicineSharkia UniversityBanha-ZagazigEgypt Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineMenoufia UniversityShebin El-KomEgypt

AIM： To investigate whether the degree of rectal distension could define the rectum functions as a conduit METHODS： Response of the rectal and anal pressure to 2 types of rectal balloon distension, rapid voluminous and slow gradual distention, was recorded in 21 healthy volunteers （12 men, 9 women, age 41.7 ± 10.6 years）. The test was repeated with sphincteric squeeze on urgent sensation. RESULTS： Rapid voluminous rectal distension resulted in a significant rectal pressure increase （P 〈 0.001）, an anal pressure decline （P 〈 0.05） and balloon expulsion. The subjects felt urgent sensation but did not feel the 1^st rectal sensation. On urgent sensation, anal squeeze caused a significant rectal pressure decrease （P 〈 0.001） and urgency disappearance. Slow incremental rectal filling drew a rectometrogram with a ＂tone＂ limb representing a gradual rectal pressure increase during rectal filling, and an ＂evacuation limb＂ representing a sharp pressure increase during balloon expulsion. The curve recorded both the ist rectal sensation and the urgent sensation. CONCLUSION： The rectum has apparently two functions： transportation （conduit） and storage, both depending on the degree of rectal filling. If the fecal material received by the rectum is small, it is stored in the rectum until a big volume is reached that can affect a degree of rectal distension sufficient to initiate the defecation reflex. Large volume rectal distension evokes directly the rectoanal inhibitory reflex with a resulting defecation.

关键词： Anal pressure Rectal pressure Rectometry First rectal sensation

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Quality of life during COVID-19 pandemic:a community-based study in Dakahlia governorate,Egypt

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Global Health Research and Policy 2022年第1期7卷 424-432页

作者： Shorouk Mohsen Ragaa el-Masry olfat Farag Ali Doaa Abdel-Hady Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Faculty of MedicineMansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt

Background:The sudden transmission of the novel coronavirus along with instant measures taken in response to the Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic caused many new challenges adversely disturbing quality of life(QoL).The objective of this study is to measure quality of life of the public during the COVID-19 pandemic and factors affecting it among ***:This is a community-based cross-sectional household study with analytic component conducted in an agricultural area in Dakahlia governorate,Egypt and included 500 *** were collected through a structured interview,and the collected data included socio-demographic characteristics as well as some data related to their habits and comorbidities,their experience with COVID-19 and data about QoL using the COV19-Impact on Quality of Life(COV19-QoL)scale Arabic version,after assessing Content validity and ***:The total QoL score(mean±standard deviation)is 2.3±0.6 and the score for QoL in general and perception of danger on personal safety show the highest mean with 2.6±*** lowest mean score is related to the perception of mental health deterioration(1.9±0.8).Independent predictors of the total QoL scale are sex(regression coefficient(95%CI)=0.1(0.02 to 0.2),p value=0.02),monthly income(regression coefficient(95%CI)=0.1(0.004 to 0.2),p value=0.04),knowing someone infected with COVID-19(regression coefficient(95%CI)=0.15(0.08 to 0.3),p value=0.001),and data collection time(regression coefficient(95%CI)=0.1(0.006 to 0.2),p value=0.04).Conclusions:COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the public quality of life,particularly in terms of general quality of life and personal *** with substantial predictors of lower quality of life should be given more attention.

关键词： COVID-19 Quality of life Mental health Community-based participatory research

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Circulating micro RNA, mi R-122 and mi R-221 signature in Egyptian patients with chronic hepatitis C related hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2014年第11期6卷 818-824页

作者： Hassan el-Garem Ayman Ammer Hany Shehab olfat Shaker Mohammed Anwer Wafaa el-Akel Heba Omar Endemic Medicine and Hepatology Department Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department Faculty of Medicine Cairo University

AIM: To explore the potential usefulness of serum miR-122 and miR-221 as non-invasive diagnostic markers of hepatitis C virus(HCV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS: This prospective study was conducted on 90 adult patients of both sex with HCV-related chronic liver disease and chronic hepatitis C related HCC. In addition to the 10 healthy control individuals, patients were stratified into; interferon-na?ve chronic hepatitis C(CH)(n = 30), post-hepatitis C compensated cirrhosis(LC)(n = 30) and treatment-naive HCC(n = 30). All patients and controls underwent full clinical assessment and laboratory investigations in addition to the evaluation of the level of serum miR NA expression by ***: There was a significant fold change in serum mi RNA expression in the different patient groups when compared to normal controls; mi R-122 showed significant fold increasing in both CH and HCC and significant fold decrease in LC. On the other hand, mi R-221 showed significant fold elevation in both CH and LC groups and significant fold decrease in HCC group(P = 0.01). Comparing fold changes in miR NAs in HCC group vs non HCC group(CH and Cirrhosis), there was non-significant fold elevation in miR-122(P = 0.21) and significant fold decreasing in miR-221 in HCC vs non-HCC(P = 0.03). ROC curve analysis for miR-221 yielded 87% sensitivity and 40% specificity for the differentiation of HCC patients from non-HCC at a cutoff 1.82. CONCLUSION: Serum miR-221 has a strong potential to serve as one of the novel non-invasive biomarkers of HCC.

关键词： MiR NA Hepatocellular carcinoma Serum

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Hydroxysafflor yellow A protects against thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rats via suppressing proinflammatory/fibrogenic mediators and promoting hepatic stellate cell senescence and apoptosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2023年第8期13卷 348-358页

作者： Sayed H.Seif el-Din olfat A.Hammam Shahira M.Ezzat Samira Saleh Marwa M.Safar Walaa H.el-Maadawy Naglaa M.el-Lakkany Pharmacology Department Theodor Bilharz Research InstituteWarak El-HadarImbaba P.O.Box 30Giza 12411Egypt Pathology Department Theodor Bilharz Research InstituteWarak El-HadarImbaba P.O.Box 30Giza 12411Egypt Pharmacognosy Department Faculty of PharmacyCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt Pharmacognosy Department Faculty of PharmacyOctober University for Modern Sciences and ArtsGizaEgypt Pharmacology and Toxicology Department Faculty of PharmacyCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department Faculty of PharmacyThe British University in EgyptCairoEgypt

Objective:To evaluate the effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A(HSYA)on thioacetamide-induced liver ***:Thioacetamide was administered to rats intraperitoneally in doses of 200 mg/kg twice a week for 12 ***-intoxicated rats were given silymarin(50 mg/kg)or HSYA(5 mg/kg)orally every day for 8 *** enzymes,fibrosis markers,histological changes as well as immunohistochemistry of TNF-α,IL-6,p21,α-SMA,and caspase-3 were *** effect of HSYA on HSC-T6 activation/proliferation and apoptosis was also determined in ***:HSYA decreased liver enzymes,TNF-α,IL-6,and p21 expressions,hepatic PDGF-B,TIMP-1,TGF-β1,and hydroxyproline levels,as well as fibrosis score(S2 vs.S4)compared to the thioacetamide *** also downregulatedα-SMA while increasing caspase-3 ***,at 500μg/mL,HSYA had only a slightly suppressive effect on HSC proliferation,with a 9.5%***,it significantly reduced TGF-β1,inhibitedα-SMA expression,induced caspase-3 expression,and promoted cell ***:HSYA may be a potential therapeutic agent for delaying and reversing the progression of liver *** research on HSYA at higher doses and for a longer period is warranted.

关键词： Hydroxysafflor yellow A Thioacetamide Hepatic stellate cells Inflammatory markers Liver fibrosis p21 α-SMA Apoptosis

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Rosmarinic acid attenuates hepatic fibrogenesis via suppression of hepatic stellate cell activation/proliferation and induction of apoptosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第5期10卷 423-432页

作者： Naglaa M.el-Lakkany Walaa H.el-Maadawy Sayed H.Seif el-Din olfat A.Hammam Salwa H.Mohamed Shahira M.Ezzat Marwa M.Safar Samira Saleh Department of Pharmacology Theodor Bilharz Research InstituteWarak El-HadarImbaba P.O.Box 30Giza 12411Egypt Department of Pathology Theodor Bilharz Research InstituteWarak El-HadarImbaba P.O.Box 30Giza 12411Egypt Department of Immunology Theodor Bilharz Research InstituteWarak El-HadarImbaba P.O.Box 30Giza 12411Egypt Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of PharmacyCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt

Objective:To investigate the antifibrotic role of rosmarinic acid(RA),a natural polyphenolic compound,on HSCs activation/proliferation and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Methods:The impact of RA on stellate cell line(HSC-T6) proliferation,activation and apoptosis was assessed along with its safety on primary hepatocytes. In vivo,rats were divided into:(i) normal;(ii) thioacetamide(TAA)-intoxicated rats for 12 weeks;(iii) TAA+silymarin or(iv) TAA+RA. At the end of experiment,liver functions,oxidative stress,inflammatory and profibrogenic markers,tissue inhibitor metalloproteinases type-1(TIMP-1) and hydroxyproline(HP) levels were evaluated. Additionally,liver histopathology and immunohistochemical examinations of alpha-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),caspase-3 and proliferation cellular nuclear antigen(PCNA) were determined. Results:RA exhibited anti-proliferative effects on cultured HSCs in a time and concentration dependent manner showing an IC50 of 276 μg/mL and 171 μg/mL for 24 h and 48 h,respectively,with morphological reversion of activated stellate cell morphology to quiescent form. It significantly improved ALT,AST,oxidative stress markers and reduced TIMP-1,HP levels,inflammatory markers and fibrosis score(S1 vs S4). Furthermore,reduction in α-SMA plus elevation in caspase-3 expressions of HSCs in vitro and in vivo associated with an inhibition in proliferation of damaged hepatocytes were recorded. Conclusions:RA impeded the progression of liver fibrosis through inhibition of HSCs activation/proliferation and induction of apoptosis with preservation of hepatic architecture.

关键词： Hepatic fibrosis Hepatic stellate cells Rosmarinic acid Apoptosis Proliferation Profibrogenic markers

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Er3+and Er3+/Yb3+Ions Embedded in Nano-Structure BaTi0.9Sn0.1O3: Structure, Morphology and Dielectric Properties

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World Journal of Nano Science and Engineering 2021年第2期11卷 25-43页

作者： olfat el Sayed Inas Battisha Abdelilah Lahmar Mimoun el Marssi Physics Department Faculty of Women for Arts Science and Education Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Solid State Physics Department Physics Research Division National Research Centre Dokki Giza Egypt Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics (LPMC) University of Picardie Jules Verne Amiens France

Barium titanate tin oxides BaTi0.9Sn0.1O3 referred to as (BTSO) doped with 0.5Er3+ and co-doped with (0.75 and 1) Yb3+ ions, were prepared using a modified sol-gel method and calcinated at 1050?C in the air for 4 h. The influence of the selected rare earth element on the structure morphology, dielectric properties behavior was investigated. From TEM micrographs, it has appeared that the particles have a spherical shape with a small size in nanoscale. The average particle size is determined both by TEM and XRD diffraction was found to be in agreement and within the range between 45.9 and 57.7 nm. The effects of Lanthanide incorporation on the evolution of these nano-crystalline structures were followed by XRD and (FTIR). The XRD patterns give rise to a single perovskite phase, while the tetragonality was found to decrease gradually with Er3+ and Er3+/Yb3+ ions, respectively. FTIR results showed enhancement of the crystallinity and the absence of carbonates upon increasing Yb3+ ions concentration from 0.75 up to 1 mol%. The dielectric and conductivity properties were found to be enhanced by the nature and the concentration of the lanthanide element (Er3+, Yb3+) in the BTSO host lattice. The Curie temperature (Tc) shifted to a lower value from 117 for BTSO: 0.5Er to 93 for BTSO: 0.5Er/1Yb and the permittivity ε’ increased from 3972 to 6071, so BTSO: 0.5Er/1Yb good crystalline material candidate for capacitors application due to its higher permittivity.

关键词： Sol-Gel Nano-Structure BaTiSnO3-Doped “Er3+ Ion” or “Er3+/Yb3+ Ion” Dielectric Properties

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