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Carbon emission scenarios of China's power sector:Impact of controlling measures and carbon pricing mechanism

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2018年第1期9卷 27-33页

作者： LIU Qiang ZHENG Xiao-Qi ZHAO Xu-Chen CHEN Yi oleg LUGOVOY National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International Cooperation Beijing 100038China School of Environment&Natural Resources of Renmin University of China Beijing 100872China Environmental Defense Fund China Program Beijing 100007China

The study constructs a low-carbon path analysis model of China's power sector based on TIMES model and presents a comparative analysis of carbon emissions under Reference,Low-Carbon and Enhanced Low-Carbon scenarios,and the main difference of the three scenarios is manifested by policy selection and policy *** conclusions are drawn as follows:(1)The peak of carbon emission in China's power sector will range from 4.0 GtCO2 to 4.8 GtCO2,which implies an increment of 0.5e1.3 billion or 14%e35%from the 2015 levels.(2)Introducing carbon price is an effective way to inhibit coal power and promote non-fossil fuels and Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage applications(CCUS).The carbon emission reduction effects will gradually increase with carbon *** the carbon price attains to CN￥150 t1CO2,the CO2 emission can decrease by 36%than that without carbon price.(3)CCUS is one of important contributing factor to reduce CO2 emission in power *** speaking,the development of non-fossil fuels and energy efficiency improvement are two main drivers for carbon mitigation,but once the carbon price reaches up to CN￥106 t 1CO2,the CCUS will be required to equip with thermal power units and its contribution on carbon emission reduction will remarkably *** carbon price increases to CN￥150 t1CO2 in 2050,the application of CCUS will account for 44%of total emission reduction.(4)In the scenario with carbon price of CN￥150 t1CO2,power sector would be decarbonized significantly,and the CO2 intensity will be 0.22 kgCO2(kW h)1,but power sector is far from the goal that achieving net zero *** order to realize the long-term low greenhouse gas emission development goal that proposed by the Paris Agreement,more efforts are needed to be put to further reduce the carbon emission reduction of power *** on the above scenario analysis,the study proposes four recommendations on the low-carbon development of China's power sector:(1)improve the ene

关键词： Power sector TIMES model Scenario analysis Carbon peak Carbon pricing Policy recommendations

Effect of CaO/Al2O3 ratio on viscosity and structure of CaO-Al2O3-based fluoride-free mould fluxes

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2019年第4期26卷 374-384页

作者： Qi Wang Ji-an Yang Chen Zhang De-xiang Cai Jian-qiang Zhang oleg Ostrovski School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South WalesSydney 2052Australia Baosteel Group Corporation Research Institute Shanghai 201900China

The effects of CaO/Al2O3 ratio on viscosity and structure of the CaO-Al2O3-based fluoride-free mould fluxes were investigated with the CaO/Al2O3 ratio varied from 1 to 4 and the content of SiO2 fixed at 7 wt.%. The increase in the CaO/Al2O3 ratio from 1 to 2 lowered the viscosity of the flux melts. The viscosity increased slightly with the CaO/Al2O3 ratio from 2 to 3, and this increase became significant with further increasing CaO/Al2O3 ratio to 4. Both break temperature and apparent activation energy were found to be increased with the increase in CaO/Al2O3 ratio from 2 to 4. There was no break temperature available in the flux with CaO/Al2O3 ratio of 1. Changing the CaO/Al2O3 ratio from 1 to 2 decreased the apparent activation energy. Equilibrium phases of the fluxes were calculated using FactSage 7.1 and the major phases were found to be varied with the CaO/Al2O3 ratio. Structures of tested mould fluxes were analysed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the increase in the CaO/Al2O3 ratio from 1 to 2 decreased the complexity of the structure, leading to a reduced viscosity. With the increase in the CaO/Al2O3 ratio from 2 to 4, both solid phase precipitation and melt structure contributed to the variation of viscosity.

关键词： CaO-Al2O3-based flux CaO/Al2O3 ratio Viscosity Flux structure

Tailoring properties of reticulated vitreous carbon foams with tunable density

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2016年第2期10卷 157-167页

作者： oleg SMORYGO Alexander MARUKOVICH Vitali MIKUTSKI Vassilis STATHOPOULOS Siarhei HRYHORYEU Vladislav SADYKOV Powder Metallurgy Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus 41 Platonov Str. Minsk 220005 Belarus Technological Educational Institute of Sterea Ellada Psahna Evias 34400 Greece Belarusian National Technical University 65 Nezavisimosty Ave. Minsk 220013 Belarus Boreskov Institute of Catalysis Sibrian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences 5 Lavrentiev Ave. 630090 Novosibirsk Russia Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova Str. 630009 Novosibirsk Russia

Reticulated vitreous carbon （RVC） foams were manufactured by multiple replications of a polyurethane foam template structure using ethanolic solutions of phenolic resin. The aims were to create an algorithm of fine tuning the precursor foam density and ensure an open-cell reticulated porous structure in a wide density range. The precursor foams were pyrolyzed in inert atmospheres at 700℃, 1100℃and 2000℃, and RVC foams with fully open cells and tunable bulk densities within 0.09-0.42 g/cm3 were synthesized. The foams were characterized in terms of porous structure, carbon lattice parameters, mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, electric conductivity, and corrosive resistance. The reported manufacturing approach is suitable for designing the foam microstructure, including the strut design with a graded microstructure.

关键词： foam vitreous carbon reticulated cellular structure pyrolysis

Erosion-corrosion resistance of Mo-Ti- and Ni-Cr-Mo-alloyed medium-carbon martensitic steels: a critical analysis of synergistic effect of erosion and corrosion

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2022年第8期29卷 1299-1311页

作者： De-fa Li Hang-yu Dong Cheng-yang Hu Kai-ming Wu Serhii Yershov oleg Isayev School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering West Anhui UniversityLuan 237012AnhuiChina The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science on Metallurgical ProcessingInternational Research Institute for Steel TechnologyWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Laboratory for Excellence in Advanced Steel Research Materials Science and Engineering ProgramDepartment of MetallurgicalMaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTX 79968USA

Grain refinement renders Mo-Ti-alloyed medium-carbon martensitic steel to exhibit high hardness,high strength,and good toughness,but the erosion-corrosion resistance of steel in a corrosive slurry environment is not ***-Ti-alloyed medium-carbon martensitic steel is compared with Ni-Cr-Mo-alloyed medium-carbon martensitic steel,and the erosion-corrosion resistance of those two steels under impingement by NaCl solution with gravels has been *** components,pure-corrosion rate,pure-erosion rate,and synergistic effect of erosion and corrosion(SEEC)of erosion-corrosion rate,were *** pure-corrosion and pure-erosion rates of Mo-Ti-alloyed steel were higher than those of Ni-Cr-Mo-alloyed one;however,its erosion-corrosion rate was relatively lower because of a weak *** plastic deformation and work hardening due to gravel impingement were the essential reason for SEEC,which could be reduced by grain refinement,and consequently,Mo-Ti-alloyed steel with finer grains had better erosion-corrosion *** refinement could be an effective way to improve the erosion-corrosion resistance of martensitic steels.

关键词： Grain refinement Mo-Ti alloying Ni-Cr-Mo alloying Martensite Erosion-corrosion

Ischemic preconditioning-induced hyperperfusion correlates with hepatoprotection after liver resection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第15期16卷 1871-1878页

作者： oleg Heizmann Georgios Meimarakis Andreas Volk Daniel Matz Daniel Oertli Rolf J Schauer Department of Surgery University Hospital Basel Department of Surgery Klinikum of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University-Grosshadern University of Munich Department of Surgery University Hospital of Dresden Department of Surgery Academic Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich

AIM:To characterize the impact of the Pringle ma-neuver (PM) and ischemic preconditioning (IP) on total blood supply to the liver following hepatectomies. METHODS: Sixty one consecutive patients who un-derwent hepatic resection under in flow occlusion were randomized either to receive PM alone (n = 31) or IP (10 min of ischemia followed by 10 min of reperfusion) prior to PM (n = 30). Quantification of liver perfusion was measured by Doppler probes at the hepatic artery and portal vein at various time points after reperfusion of remnant livers. RESULTS: Occlusion times of 33 ± 12 min (mean ± SD) and 34 ± 14 min and the extent of resected liver tissue (2.7 segments) were similar in both groups. In controls (PM), on reperfusion of liver remnants for 15 min, portal perfusion markedly decreased by 29% while there was a slight increase of 8% in the arterial blood flow. In contrast, following IP + PM the portal vein flow remained unchanged during reperfusion and a significantly increased arterial blood flow (+56% vs baseline) was observed. In accordance with a better postischemic blood supply of the liver, hepatocellular injury, as measured by alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels on day 1 was considerably lower in group B compared to group A (247 ± 210 U/I vs 550 ± 650 U/I, P < 0.05). Additionally, ALT levels were significantly correlated to the hepatic artery in ***: IP prevents postischemic flow reduction of the portal vein and simultaneously increases arterial perfusion, suggesting that improved hepatic macrocirculation is a protective mechanism following hepatectomy.

关键词： Ischemic preconditioning Reperfusion injury Liver Surgery Liver blood flow

Numerical optimisation of a classical stochastic system for targeted energy transfer

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2023年第3期13卷 170-176页

作者： oleg Gaidai Yubin Gu Yihan Xing Junlei Wang Daniil Yurchenko Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Marine Renewable Energy Shanghai Ocean UniversityChina School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyChina Department of Machine Building and Materials TechnologyUniversity of StavangerNorway School of Mechanical and Power Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityChina Institute for Sound and Vibration Research University of SouthamptonUK

The paper studies stochastic dynamics of a two-degree-of-freedom system,where a primary linear system is connected to a nonlinear energy sink with cubic stiffness nonlinearity and viscous *** the primary mass is subjected to a zero-mean Gaussian white noise excitation,the main objective of this study is to maximise the efficiency of the targeted energy transfer in the system.A surrogate optimisation algorithm is proposed for this purpose and adopted for the stochastic *** optimisations are conducted separately for the nonlinear stiffness coefficient alone as well as for both the nonlinear stiffness and damping coefficients *** different optimisation cost functions,based on either energy of the system’s components or the dissipated energy,are *** results demonstrate some clear trends in values of the nonlinear energy sink coefficients and show the effect of different cost functions on the optimal values of the nonlinear system’s coefficients.

关键词： Targeted energy transfer Surrogate optimisation Stochastic system Random vibration

TanDEM-X multiparametric data features in sea ice classification over the Baltic sea

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2021年第2期24卷 313-332,I0009页

作者： Marjan Marbouti oleg Antropov Jaan Praks Patrick B.Eriksson Vahid Arabzadeh Eero Rinne Matti Leppärant Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland EspooFinland Aalto University Department of Electronics and NanoengineeringEspooFinland Finnish Meteorological Institute HelsinkiFinland Aalto University Department of Applied PhysicsNew Energy Technologies GroupEspooFinland

In this study,we assess the potential of X-band Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar imagery for automated classification of sea ice over the Baltic Sea.A bistatic SAR scene acquired by the TanDEM-X mission over the Bothnian Bay in March of 2012 was used in the *** intensity,interferometric coherence magnitude,and interferometric phase have been used as informative features in several classification *** combinations of classification features were evaluated using Maximum likelihood(ML),Random Forests(RF)and Support Vector Machine(SVM)classifiers to achieve the best possible discrimination between open water and several sea ice types(undeformed ice,ridged ice,moderately deformed ice,brash ice,thick level ice,and new ice).Adding interferometric phase and coherence-magnitude to backscatter-intensity resulted in improved overall classification per-formance compared to using only *** RF algorithm appeared to be slightly superior to SVM and ML due to higher overall accuracies,however,at the expense of somewhat longer processing *** best overall accuracy(OA)for three methodologies were achieved using combination of all tested features were 71.56,72.93,and 72.91%for ML,RF and SVM classifiers,*** to OAs of 62.28,66.51,and 63.05%using only backscatter intensity,this indicates strong benefit of SAR interferometry in discriminating different types of sea *** contrast to several earlier studies,we were particularly able to successfully discriminate open water and new ice classes.

关键词： Sea ice classification Random Forests(RF) Maximum Likelihood(ML) Support Vector Machine(SVM) backscatter coherence sar interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)

3D diffractive lenses to overcome the 3D Abbe subwavelength diffraction limit

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Chinese Optics Letters 2014年第6期12卷 64-66页

作者： Igor Minin oleg Minin Siberian State Academy of Geodesy 10 Plahotnogo Novosibirsk 630108 Russia

The innovative radiating structures as a conical millimeter wave FZP lens are proposed for subwavelength focusing. The results of FDTD simulation and experimental verification are discussed. It has been shown that in contrast to the flat diffractive optics the curvilinear 3D diffractive conical optics is capable of overcoming 3D Abbe barrier with a focal distance F greater than 2A. The focal intensity distribution for such type of lenses is not circularly symmetric and thus the focal spot in the high numerical aperture case is no longer an Airy pattern. These results may find useful applications in optical microscopes, including ＂reverse-microscope＇, nondestructive testing, microoptics, and nanooptics.

关键词： 050.6624 Subwavelength structures 050.1970 Diffractive optics

Dormant stages of crustaceans as a mechanism of propagation in the extreme and unpredictable environment in the Crimean hypersaline lakes

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2015年第6期33卷 1362-1367页

作者： Nickolai V.SHADRIN Elena V.ANUFRIIEVA Francisco AMAT oleg Yu.EREMIN MLR Key Laboratory of Saline Lake Resources and Environments Institute of Mineral Resources Institute of Marine Biological Research of RAS Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal (CSIC)

A pool of dormant stages of planktonic organisms in saline lakes is a substantial component in the plankton communities;we need to take it into account to understand plankton *** water bodies in Crimea,the largest peninsula in the Black Sea,constitute a very characteristic and peculiar habitat type in the *** examined the presence of crustacean resting stages in sediments of dried up sites of the Crimean hypersaline *** samples were taken in 9 different *** performed on the hatching of these resting stages showed the presence of Moina salina(Cladocera),parthenogenetic Artemia and Artemia urmiana(Anostraca),Eucypris mareotica( inflata)(Ostracoda),and Cletocamptus retrogressus(Harpacticoida).Comparing the experimental results obtained with clean dried brine shrimp cysts and those kept in sediment samples,it was noted that clean cysts hatched much faster than those from sediments *** components in bottom sediments slow down and desynchronize hatching from resting eggs in different groups of *** sediments of different lakes inhibited the nauplii output from Artemia and ostracod resting eggs to different *** data are needed before we can discuss the reasons of this *** nonsynchronous output of active stages from the bottom resting ones may be an adaptation that allows crustacean species to exist in extreme and unpredictably changing environments,avoiding the risk that all may emerge at once under unsuitable conditions.

关键词： resting stages hypersaline waters Crustacea Crimea sediment