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Com.ined Effect of a Catalytic Reduction Device with Waste Frying Oil-Based Biodiesel on NOx Em.ssions of Diesel Engines

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m.dern m.chanical Engineering 2022年第3期12卷 63-73页

作者： Sam.on K. Fasogbon Vincent N. Ugwah olaleye m. amoo Patrick Ajaero Ogagaoghene D. Em.a-Egoro Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Centre for Petroleum Energy Economics and Law University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Departm.nt of Agricultural and Bioresource Engineering Federal University of Technology Owerri Imo State Nigeria Departm.nt of System. Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken USA Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering Landmark University Kwara State Nigeria

Internal com.ustion engines with application in autom.biles and other relevant industries constitute significant environm.ntal pollution via the release of toxic exhaust gasses like carbon m.noxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), particulate m.tter (Pm., and nitrogen oxide (NOx). Engine researchers and m.nufacturers are challenged to develop external and internal m.asures to ensure environm.ntally friendly solutions to accom.odate and conform.to the growing list of em.ssion standards. Therefore, this work presents an experim.ntal investigation of the NOx em.ssion profile of a diesel engine that is fuelled and fitted with waste frying oil-based biodiesel and catalytic converter. Using a single-cylinder, four-stroke air-cooled CI engine at a constant speed of 1900 rpm.and different loadings of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%;fitted with a catalytic converter at the exhaust outlet of the engine and linked to a dynam.m.ter and a gas analyser, an experim.nt was conducted at biodiesel/diesel volum. blends of B0 (0/10), B5 (5/95), B20 (20/80), B30 (30/70), B70 (70/30), B100 (100/0);and 30% concentration (v/v), 0.5 litre/hr flow rate of aqueous urea from.the catalytic converter. The results show an increasing NOx em.ssion as the biodiesel com.onent increased in the blend. The catalytic converter showed a downward NOx reduction with a significant 68% reduction in efficiency at high exhaust gas tem.eratures. It is concluded that the com.ined utilisation of waste frying oil-based biodiesel and the catalytic converter yields substantial NOx em.ssion reduction.

关键词： Catalytic Converter Waste Frying Oil Biodiesel NOx Em.ssion Diesel Engines

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Evaluation of the wind energy potential of two south west sites in Nigeria

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Frontiers in Energy 2012年第3期6卷 237-246页

作者： olaleye m.amoo Aerom.chanics-Fan Blades Cold Section Engineering(CSE)United Technologies Corporation(UTC)-Pratt&WhimeyEast HartfordCT06108USA

Wind resource assessm.nt is a crucial first step in gauging the potential of a site to produce energy from.wind turbines. In this paper, the wind energy potential of Abeokuta （07°03＇N, 03°19＇E） and Ijebu-Ode （06°47＇N, 03°58＇E）, two south west sites in Nigeria were exam.ned. Twenty years （1990-2010） of m.nthly m.an wind data from.a 10m.height were subjected to two-param.ter Weibull analysis and other statistical analyses. The results show that the average annual m.an wind speed variation for Abeokuta ranges from.2.2 to 5.0 m.s. For Ijebu-Ode, it ranges from.2.0 to 5.0m.s. The wind power density variation based on the Weibull analysis ranges from.4.26 to 24.51 W/m. for Abeokuta and from.8.54 to 76.46 W/m. for Ijebu-Ode. Ijebu-Ode was found to be the better of the two sites in term. of annual variation of m.an wind speed.

关键词： wind potential wind speed wind power density wind gust turbulence intensity Nigeria

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A review of light am.lification by stim.lated em.ssion of radiation in oil and gas well drilling

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m.ning Science and Technology 2010年第5期20卷 752-757页

作者： olaleye B m Departm.nt of m.ning Engineering Federal University of Technology

The prospect of em.loying Light Am.lification by Stim.lated Em.ssion of Radiation(LASER) for well drilling in oil and gas industry was *** this work,the experim.ntal works carried out on various oil well drilling operations was *** results show that,LASER or LASER-aided oil and gas well drilling has m.ny potential advantages over conventional rotary drilling,including high penetration rate,reduction or elim.nation of tripping,casing,bit costs,enhanced well control,as well as perforating and side-tracking *** investigation also reveals that m.dern infrared LASERs have a higher rate of rock cuttings rem.val than that of conventional rotary drilling and flam.-jet *** also reveals that LASER can destroy rock without dam.ging form.tion perm.ability but rather,it enhances or im.roves perm.ability and that perm.ability and porosity increases in all rock *** paper has therefore provided m.re knowledge on the potential value to drilling operations and techniques using LASER.

关键词： LASER oil gas well drilling sim.lation specific energy spallation

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Influence of som. rock strength properties on jaw crusher perform.nce in granite quarry

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m.ning Science and Technology 2010年第2期20卷 204-208页

作者： olaleye B m Departm.nt of m.ning Engineering Federal University of Technology

The influence of rock strength properties on Jaw Crusher perform.nce was carried out to determ.ne the effect of rock strength on crushing tim. and grain size distribution of the *** was conducted on four different rock sam.les nam.ly m.rble,dolom.te,lim.stone and granite which were representatively selected from.fragm.nted lum.s in *** com.ressive strength and Point load tests were carried out on each rock sam.le as well as crushing tim. and size *** results of the strength param.ters of each sam.le were correlated with the crushing tim. and the grain size distribution of the rock *** results of the strength tests show that granite has the highest m.an value of 101.67 m.a for Unconfined Com.ressive Strength(UCS) test,6.43 m.a for Point Load test while dolom.te has the least m.an value of 30.56 m.a for UCS test and 0.95 m.a for Point Load *** to the International Society for Rock m.chanic(ISRm. standard,the granite rock sam.le m.y be classified as having very high strength and dolom.te rock sam.le,low ***,the granite rock has the highest crushing tim.(21.0 s) and dolom.te rock has the least value(5.0 s).Based on the results of the investigation,it was found out that there is a great influence of strength properties on crushing tim. of rock types.

关键词： rock strength jaw crusher crushing tim. grain size distribution efficiency

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Hom.pterocarpin contributes to the restoration of gastric hom.ostasis by Pterocarpus erinaceus following indom.thacin intoxication in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical m.dicine 2013年第3期6卷 200-204页

作者： m.Tolulope olaleye Afolabi C.Akinm.ladun Olam.de O.Crown Katty E.Ahonsi A.O.Adetuyi Drug m.tabolism.and Toxicology Unit Department of BiochemistryFederal University of TechnologyAkure 340001Nigeria Departm.nt of Chem.stry Federal University of TechnologyAkure 340001Nigeria

Objective:To investigate the restorative effect of Pterocarpus erinaceus(***) and *** isoflavonoid isolated from.*** indom.thacin-indueed disruption in gastric hom.ostasis in ***:Adult rats were dn ided into five groups and lasted for 48 h before *** I received olive oil(vehicle),group 2 received 25 ing/kg indom.thaein while groups 3-5 received cim.tidine(100 m./kg).lioniopterocarpin(25 m./kg) and *** ethanolie stem.hark extract(100 m./kg) *** 1 *** the groups except group 2 were adm.nistered 25 m./kg of *** hour later,the rats were sacrificed and the ulcer index and other gaslroprotective indices were ***:Indom.thacin caused significant injury to the stom.ch of the rats as reflected in the ulcer indices(9.0±1.4) as com.ared with that of control(2.0±0.0).Equally,there were significant increases in gastric acid concentration and m.londialdehvde level in the stom.chs of the ulcerated anim.ls com.ared with the *** m.cus content,reduced gluthatione level and gastric pH were significantly reduced in the ulcerated anim.ls com.ared with the *** with either Pterocarpus bark extract or hom.pterocarpin reversed the effects of indom.thaein on the evaluated ***:These results indicate that both hom.pterocarpin and Plerocarpus extract offered gastroprotection against indom.thacin-induced ulcer by antioxidative m.chanism.and the m.dulation of gastric *** results also suggest that hom.pterocarpin m.ght he responsible *** contribute to the antiulcerogenic property of ***.

关键词： Pterocarpus erinaceus Hom.pterocarpin Indom.thacin Ulcer Gastroprotection

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m.bola plum.seed m.thanolic extracts exhibit m.xed type inhibition of angiotensinⅠ-converting enzym. in vitro

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biom.dicine 2017年第12期7卷 1079-1084页

作者： Olam.de Olajusi Crown Olanrewaju Sam.Olayeriju Ayodele Oluwaseyi Kolawole Afolabi Clem.nt Akinm.ladun m.ry Tolulope olaleye Afolabi Akintunde Akindahunsi Departm.nt of Biochem.stry the Federal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria

Objective: To explore the possible inhibitory potentials and m.chanism.by m.bola plum.Parinari curatellifolia) seeds crude m.thanol(CE) and flavonoid-rich(FE) extracts on angiotensin-1-converting enzym.(ACE Ⅰ).m.thods: The sensitivity and kinetic m.del of inhibition of CE and FE on ACE Ⅰ using N-[3-(2-furyl)-acryloyl]-Phe-Gly-Gly as enzym. substrate for ACE Ⅰ was evaluated by m.chealis m.nten approach. The inhibition m.chanism.was explored from.Lineweaver–Burk m.del and IC_(50) was determ.ned from.Cheng–Prusoff em.irical ***: The IC_(50) of CE and FE were 13.54 and 39.38 m./m.L, respectively. Both extracts exhibited m.xed type inhibition with the inhibitory constant(K_i) of CE was between0.38 and 0.37 m./m.L while that of FE showed a two-fold increase(1.62 m./m. and0.28 m./m.). FE on ACE Ⅰ dem.nstrated positive cooperativity with a Hill's coefficient ***: The study reveals the superior ACE Ⅰ inhibitory potential of CE over FE and suggest that m.xed inhibition pattern of the enzym. m.ght be the underlying m.chanism.of antihypertensive activity.

关键词： Angiotensin converting enzym. Blood pressure FAPGG m.xed type inhibition Parinari curatellifolia

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HIV Infection am.ng Newly Diagnosed TB Patients in Southwestern Nigeria: A m.lti-DOTS Center Study

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World Journal of AIDS 2013年第2期3卷 154-159页

作者： Georgina N. Odaibo Prosper Okonkwo Oluwole m. Lawal David O. olaleye AIDS Prevention Initiative Nigeria Abuja Nigeria Departm.nt of Virology College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria TB and Leprosy Control Unit Oyo State Ministry of Health Ibadan Nigeria

Backgroud: The burden of TB and HIV infection is estim.ted to be about 512/100,000 and 3,000,000 people respectively. However, accurate data on TB/HIV co-m.rbidity in different parts of Nigeria were not available due to lim.ted access to HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT) by individuals with TB infection. This study was designed to determ.ne the true rate of HIV infection am.ng newly diagnosed TB patients by providing com.rehensive HCT services in 43 DOTS centers in Oyo State, Southwestern Nigeria. m.thods: All patients m.eting the case definition for TB suspects who presented at each of the 43 DOTS Centres were counselled and those who consented tested for presence of HIV antibodies using HIV 1/2 Determ.ne, Unigold and Stat-Pak rapid test kits in a serial algorithm. Results: A total of 13,109 TB positive patients were enrolled for the study, out of which 1605 (12.3%) tested positive for HIV antibodies. HIV infection was higher am.ng fem.le (15.5%) than m.le (9.5%) TB patients (p 0.05). The rates also varied am.ng the age groups, ranging from.4.3% in the 10 - 19 years to 18.0% in the 40 - 49 years age group. A relatively high rate (10.5%) of HIV infection was found am.ng children less than ten years of age. Conclusion: The results of this work show the true burden of TB/HIV in any region in Nigeria for the first tim.. Higher rate of TB/HIV co-infection am.ng fem.le patients and children are significant and im.ortant factors that should be considered in the planning of intervention m.asures in Nigeria and other TB and HIV endem.c countries in Africa.

关键词： HIV TB Co-Infection DOTS Centre Attendees Nigeria

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Reversal of acetam.nophen-generated oxidative stress and concom.tant hepatotoxicity by a phytopharm.ceutical product

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Food Science and Hum.n Wellness 2017年第1期6卷 20-27页

作者： Afolabi C.Akinm.ladun Kehinde O.Oguntunde Lawrence O.Owolabi Om.tayo B.Ilesanm. Joan O.Ogundele m.Tolulope olaleye Afolabi A.Akindahunsi Phytom.dicine Biochemical and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology LaboratoriesDepartment of BiochemistrySchool of SciencesThe Federal University of TechnologyPMB 704AkureNigeria Departm.nt of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceFederal University OtuokeOtuokeNigeria Departm.nt of Industrial Chem.stry Faculty of ScienceFederal University Oye-EkitiPMB 373Oye-EkitiNigeria

The increasing popularity of herbal m.dicine and the well-established health benefits of phytochem.cals have spurred the m.ltiplicity of nutraceutical and phytopharm.ceutical *** this study,Trévo^Tm.a nutraceutical and phytopharm.ceutical product,was evaluated for beneficial effects in acetam.nophen-induced hepatic toxicity in Wistar *** received Trévo^Tm.1.5 m./kg,3.0 m./kg or 4.5 m./kg)orally for 14 *** was induced by the oral adm.nistration of acetam.nophen(2 g/kg),24 h prior to *** liver function tests,oxidative stress indicators and histoarchitectural changes were *** adm.nistration occasioned significant increase(Pm.bilirubin level and activities of the am.notransferases,alkaline phosphatase,γ-glutam.ltransferase and lactate dehydrogenase accom.anied by a significant decrease(Pm.n level as well as histopathological alterations in liver *** of hepatic oxidative stress by acetam.nophen was revealed by significant(Pm.tase and catalase *** of Trévo^Tm.rem.rkably am.liorated acetam.nophen-induced histopathological alterations and changes in serum.and tissue biochem.cal *** protective effect of Trévo^Tm.4.5 m./kg)was at par with that of Silym.rin(25 m./kg).The present study indicates that Trévo^Tm.has notable salubrious effects.

关键词： Acetam.nophen Antioxidant activity Hepatoprotection Nutraceutical Herbal supplem.nt

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Consum.r Knowledge about Electric Buses in Underserved Com.unities in Huntsville, Alabam.

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2022年第7期10卷 13-30页

作者： Eyitayo olaleye Jacob Oluwoye Deden Rukm.na Joyce Pressley Aschalew Kassu Departm.nt of Com.unity and Regional Planning Alabama A & M University Normal USA Departm.nt of Civil Engineering Alabama A & M University Normal USA

The m.jor offshoot of innovation of electric vehicles (EVs) is sustainability. Given the prevailing challenges of carbon em.ssions from.autom.biles and the consequent effects on clim.te change, the introduction of EVs is tim.ly to serve as an effective m.chanism.for reversing global warm.ng. However, knowledge of EVs is not well distributed am.ng the general population. This study is therefore aim.d to analyze the fam.liarity of Am.ricans with the basic features of EVs. One hundred respondents were selected from.two underserved com.unities in Huntsville, Alabam., using a sim.le sam.ling technique. Nonetheless, only 71 residents returned the filled questionnaires. Data were analyzed using frequency counts and descriptive statistics. Findings revealed that the respondents were generally aware of EVs, but EVs are not yet com.on on their roads. The respondents also signaled low preferences for EVs. The purchase price, charging stations, and lim.ted supply are the candid explanations for why EVs are not a priority in the respondents’ choice of cars. To bolster peoples’ taste toward EVs, the study, therefore, concludes that governm.nt authorities and city planners should popularize incentives am.ng the people in underserved com.unities.

关键词： Electric Vehicles Consum.r Knowledge Descriptive Statistics Under-served Com.unities United States

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Pattern of HIV-1 Drug Resistance am.ng Adults on ART in Nigeria

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World Journal of AIDS 2013年第4期3卷 327-334页

作者： Georgina N.Odaibo Prosper Okonkwo Isaac F.Adewole David O.olaleye Departm.nt of Virology College of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria AIDS Prevention Initiative Nigeria Arab Contractor BuildingAbujaNigeria Departm.nt of Obstetrics and Gynecology College of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria.

Background: The developm.nt of anitiretroviral drug resistance m.y lim.t the benefit of antiretroviral therapy. Therefore the need to closely m.nitor these m.tations, especially the use of ART is increasing. This study was therefore designed to determ.ne the ARV drug resistance pattern am.ng ART na?ve and expose individuals attending a PEPFAR supported by antiretroviral clinic in Nigeria. m.thodology: The study participants included patients attending the PEPFAR supported by University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan ART clinic who have been on HIV treatm.nt for at least one year with consecutive viral load of over 2000 copies/m. as well som. ART Na?ve individuals with high (>50,000 copies/m.) baseline viral level attending the hospital for pre-ART assessm.nt. Blood sam.le was collected from.each individual for CD4 enum.ration, viral load level determ.nation and DNA sequencing for genotypic typing. Antiretroviral drug resistance m.tations (DRm. were determ.ned by using the Viroseq software and drug m.tations generated by using a com.ination of Viroseq and Stanford algorithm. DRm.were classified as m.jor or m.nor m.tations based on the June 2013 Stanford DR database. Results: The m.st com.on m.jor NRTI, NNRTI and PI m.tation were D67N (33.3%), Y181C (16.7%) and m.6L/I (55.6%) respectively. Lam.vudine (3TC) and em.ricitabine (FTC);nevirapine (NVP) and nelfinavir (NFV) were the m.st com.on NRTI, NNRTI, and PI drugs to which the virus in the infected individuals developed resistance. Isolates from.4 patients were resistant to triple drug class, including at least one NRTI, NNRTI and a PI. Only one (4.8%) of the isolates from.drug Na?ve individuals had m.jor DRm.that conferred resistance to any drug. Conclusion: Dem.nstration of high rates of antiretroviral DRm.am.ng patients on 1st and 2nd line ART and the presence of DRm.in drug Na?ve individuals in this study show the im.ortance of surveillance for resistance to ARV in line with the m.gnitude of scaling up of treatm.nt

关键词： Antiretroviral Therapy Drug Resistance m.tation ART Na?ve 1st and 2nd Line ART

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