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Fruit pomacesdtheir nutrient and bioactive components,effects on growth and health of poultry species,and possible optimization techniques

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 357-377页

作者： taiwo j.Erinle Deborah I.Adewole Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture Faculty of AgricultureDalhousie UniversityTruroNS B2N 5E3 Canada

The ever-growing human population,coupled with the exigent need to meet the increasing demand for poultry meat and egg,has put the onus on poultry nutritionists and farmers to identify alternative feed ingredients that could assure the least-cost feed *** addition,the public desire for nonantibiotic-treated poultry products has also necessitated the ultimate search for potent antibiotic alternatives for use in poultry *** some identified alternatives are promising,their cost implications and technical know-how requirements may discourage their ease of adoption in *** use of plants and/or their by-products,like fruit pomaces,present a pocket-friendly advantage and as a result,are gaining much *** is traceable to their rich phytochemical profile,nutritional composition,ready availability,and relatively cheap *** fruit juice and wine pressing industries generate a plethora of fruit wastes ***,fruit pomaces contain appreciable dietary fibre,protein,and phenolic compounds,and thus,their adoption could serve the poultry industry in dual capacities including as substitutes to antibiotics and some conventional ***,there is a possibility to reduce fruit wastes produced and feed-cost in poultry farming from environmental and economical standpoints,*** review seeks to provide reinforcing evidence on the applicability and impact of fruit pomaces in poultry nutrition.

关键词： Fruit pomaces Antioxidant Growth performance Gut health Poultry

Interleukins and Acute Phase Proteins of Bovine Sera during Natural Helminth Burden in Ibadan Nigeria

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Open journal of Veterinary Medicine 2018年第3期8卷 36-46页

作者： olalekan taiwo jeremiah Gabriel Olamilekan Banwo Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Inflammatory reactions in the gastrointestinal tract play an important role in the pathogenesis of gastroenteritis in bovine helminthosis. This study determined the serum concentrations of cytokines induced acute phase proteins (Serum Amyloid A (SAA), Haptoglobin (Hp) and C-reactive protein (CRP)) and the levels of immunoreactive interleukins (IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-6) in cattle naturally infected with helminths. We sampled a total of 480 slaughtered cattle of both sexes in a major abattoir in Ibadan, Nigeria. Sedimentation, floatation and modified McMaster techniques were employed to determine the degrees of helminth infections. Animals with eggs per gram (epg) less than 200 were adjudged to be apparently healthy. The serum concentrations of interleukins and acute phase proteins were determined using the Technicon AutoAnalyzer Model AA II. It was found that mean SAA (μg/l) and CRP (%) levels were significantly (P 0.05). Therefore, some acute phase proteins are involved in the pathophysiology of bovine helminthosis and are closely related to the inflammatory activation of the disease. In lieu of these findings, it is suggested that systemic markers of inflammation can identify subjects at high risk of natural bovine helminthosis and that IL-6 and SAA may be used as indicators for bovine helminthosis.

关键词： C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Interleukins Bovine Helminthosis Haptoglobin Serum Amyloid A (SAA)

The Performance of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFLs), Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), as a Function of the Substrate Used: A Review

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journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第9期11卷 133-152页

作者： Marykathleen Agbornawbi Tambeayuk Marc Anselme Kamga olalekan j. taiwo Department of Environmental Management Institute of Life and Earth Sciences (PAULESI) Pan African University Ibadan Nigeria Department of Industrial Security Quality and Environment National Advanced School of Mining and Petroleum Industries University of Maroua Kaele Cameroon Department of Geography Faculty of the Social Sciences University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Organic wastes are one of the greatest challenges that cities face worldwide. In numerous underdeveloped nations, like Cameroon, waste is often disposed of through landfills, composting, or open-air combustion. Unfortunately, the concept of waste sorting and organic waste processing is new to many individuals. This has led to an increase in the amount of organic waste and the costs connected with its management. Consequently, the majority of developing nations have sought out waste management solutions that are more cost-effective. Therefore, it has been determined that the bioconversion of organic wastes by black soldier fly larvae (BSFLs) (Hermetia illucens) into multifunctional prepupae is a viable alternative. Appreciation is given to the employment of the organic waste management approach in developing nations since it is not only environmentally friendly and economically viable, but also provides a means for waste valorisation through the production of diverse resources and potential economic benefits. Studies have proved the usefulness of the insect in controlling organic wastes, but countries such as Cameroon are still unfamiliar with the nuances of this method. Consequently, this timely review examined the performance of the BSFL, specifically in organic waste treatment, as well as the best practices for multiplying them to determine its viability for use in a waste treatment plant, the production of high-quality larvae as a source of protein for livestock, and the production of diesel fuel.

关键词： Environmental Sustainability Organic Waste Management Waste Valorisation Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFLs) Performance Protein Source Biodiesel

Larval habitats of mosquito fauna in Osogbo metropolis,Southwestern Nigeria

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Asian Pacific journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第9期3卷 673-677页

作者： Monsuru Adebayo Adeleke Wasiu olalekan Adebimpe Abdulwasiu Oladele Hassan Sunday Olukayode Oladejo IsmailOlaoye Ganiyu Olatunji Olatunde taiwo Adewole Department of Biological Sciences Osun State University College of Health Sciences Osun State University Ladoke Akintola University Teaching Hospital Department of Biology Osun StateCollege of Education Department of Economics Fountain University

Objective:To determine the larval habitats of mosquito fauna and possible impact of land use/land cover changes on the epidemiology of mosquito-bome diseases in Osogbo metropolis,Southwestern,***:All accessible larval habitats were surveyed between May and September,2011in Osogbo metropolis while Land Use/Land cover of the city was analyzed using 2 Lansat Multispectral Scanner satellite imagery of SPOT 1986 and *** TM ***:A total of six species namely,Aedes aegypti,Aedes albopictus,Aedes vittatus,Anopheles gambiae complex,Culex quinquefascialus and Erelmapodite chrysogaster were encountered during the *** occurrence and contribution of disused tyres was significantly higher(P0.05).The accessible land use/land covered of the study area between 1986 and 2009 showed that the wet land coverage and settlement area increased from 0.19 lo 9.09 hectare and 1.00 to 2.01 hectare respectively while the forest area decreased from 60.18 to 50.14 ***:The contribution of the habitats coupled with the increasing rale of flooded environment which could provide ample breeding sites for mosquitoes call for sustained environmental sanitation and management in Osogbo metropolis.

关键词： Larval habitats Mosquitoes Land use/land cover Nigeria

Comparison of Thickness and Depth Resolution Power of Wenner and Schlumberger Arrays: A Case Study of Temidire Quarters, Akure, Nigeria

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journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2017年第3期5卷 233-239页

作者： Igbagbo Adedotun Adeyemo Bosede taiwo Ojo Wasiu olalekan Raheem Department of Applied Geophysics Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria

An electrical resistivity sounding investigation was carried out within the vicinity of some hand dug wells at Temidire Quarters in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. The aim of this study was to compare depth and thickness resolution power of Schlumberger and Wenner arrays. The investigation involved twenty-four vertical electrical soundings (VES) which consisted of twelve Schlumberger array VES and twelve Wenner array VES. The VES results delineated geoelectric layers beneath each VES locations, their layer resistivities, layer thicknesses and depth to aquifer layer(s). Depth to aquifer layer was also determined from static water level measurement and this aided the aquifer layer delineation from VES results. The geoelectric sounding results showed that the study area is dominated by a KH-curve type which consists of top soil, clay/weathered layer, fractured basement and fresh basement. Results from both Schlumberger and Wenner array data were correlated with the static water level measurement;Schlumberger array was found to have higher correlation value than Wenner array.

关键词： Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) Wenner Array Schlumberger Array Static Water Level Correlation

Early Clinical and Functional Outcome of Primary Total Knee Replacement with Posterior Cruciate Substituting Prosthesis for Primary Knee Osteoarthritis Using 2011 Knee Society Score

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Health 2020年第5期12卷 514-522页

作者： Lukman olalekan Ajiboye taiwo Afolajuwanlo Adejumobi Oluwaseyi Kayode Idowu Muhammad Oboirien Suleiman Olatunji Olarewaju Orthopaedics and Trauma Department Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto Nigeria Orthopaedic and Trauma Unit Department of Surgery College of Health Sciences Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto Nigeria Arthroplasty Unit Department of Orthopaedics National Orthopaedic Hospital Igbobi Lagos Nigeria

Background: Primary knee Osteoarthritis (OA) is the commonest articular disease in middle age and elderly people. Primary total knee replacement (TKR) is a known world-wide standard and definitive treatment of primary knee OA following failed adequate non-operative management. It is of clinical importance to assess the clinical and functional outcome of TKR to prognosticate the severity of primary knee OA. The new (2011) knee society scoring system (nKSS) is both surgeons and patients’ assessment tool for the treatment outcome of TKR. Study Design: Prospective interventional analytical study. Aim and Objective: The aim of the study was to determine early clinical and functional outcome of primary total knee replacement in patients with primary knee osteoarthritis using nKSS. The objectives were: 1) To determine the pre-operative nKSS and post operative nKSS;2) To determine relationships between pre-operative nKSS and post operative nKSS at 6 weeks, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months;3) To determine the complication rates in patients undergoing primary TKR in the study centre. Methods: A prospective interventional study of 59 patients aged 51 to 70 years who had 67 Total Knee Replacements (TKRs) participated in the study between November 2015 to june 2018 at National Orthopaedics Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. Patients’ sociodemographic data, pre-operative and post-operative nKSS system were recorded at 6 weeks, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months during follow up. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Results: There were 41 females and 18 males (M:F = 1:2.3). There were total of 67 TKRs with 31 right TKRs, 20 left TKRs and 8 staged bilateral TKRs. The participants’ age ranged from 51 to 70 years with the mean age of 59.5 (±8.5) years. Four patients did not complete the study due to various reasons. The remaining 55 participants completed the study period with progressive improvement of their post-operative nKSS at 6 weeks, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months post-operativel

关键词： Clinical and Functional Outcome 2011 Knee Society Score Primary Total Knee Replacement Primary Knee Osteoarthritis

Depression in patients with irritable bowel syndrome in jos,Nigeria

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第48期12卷 7844-7847页

作者： Nimzing G Ladep taiwo j Obindo Moses D Audu Edith N Okeke Abraham O Malu Department of Medicine Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Jos Nigeria Department of Psychiatry Fac-ulty of Medical Sciences University of Jos Nigeria

AIM: To study the brain-gut interaction and the effect of behavioral or psychiatric conditions on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in an African population. METHODS: IBS was diagnosed using the Rome Ⅱ diagnostic criteria. The entry of each patient was confirmed following detailed explanations of the questions. Four hundred and eighteen patients were studied. Subjects satisfying the Rome Ⅱ criteria for IBS were physically examined and stool microscopy was done to identify the presence of “alarm factors”. Depression was diagnosed using the symptom-check list adapted from the Research Diagnostic Criteria (DSM-Ⅳ) of the American Psychiatric Association. RESULTS: Seventy-five (56.8%) of the 132 IBS patients were depressed whereas only 54 (20.1%) of the 268 non-IBS patients were depressed. There was a significant relationship between IBS and depression (χ2 = 54.29, Odds ratio = 5.21, 56.8 ± 8.4 vs 20.1 ± 5.2, P = 0.001). Even though constipation predominant IBS patients were more likely to be depressed, no significant relationship was found between the subtype of IBS and depression (χ2 = 0.02, OR = 0.95, P = 0.68). CONCLUSION: IBS is significantly associated with major depression but not gender and bowel subtypes of the patients. Patients with IBS need to be evaluated for depression due to the highly significant relationship between the two conditions.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Depression Nigeria Africa

Red osier dogwood and its use in animal nutrition:A review

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第2期13卷 64-77页

作者： taiwo joseph Erinle Martine Boulianne Younes Miar Robert Scales Deborah Adewole Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture Faculty of AgricultureDalhousie UniversityTruro NSB2N 5E3Canada Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Montreal3200 Sicotte StreetSaint-Hyacinthe QCJ2S 2M2Canada Red Dog Enterprises Ltd. Swan River MBR0L 1Z0Canada

As the human population increases globally,the food animal industry has not been spared from the monumental demand for edible animal products,particularly *** has necessitated the simulta-neous expansion of the productivity of the animal sector to meet the ever-growing human *** antibiotics have been used in food animal production with commendable positive impacts on their growth performance,their sole contributive factor to the increasing incidence of antimicrobial resistance has ushered the strict restrictions placed on their use in the animal *** has handed a setback to both animals and farmers;thus,the intense push for a more sustainable antibiotic alternative for use in animal *** use of plants with concentrated phytogenic compounds has gained much interest due to their beneficial bioactivities,including antioxidant and selective *** the reported beneficial activities of phytogenic additives on animals vary due to their varying total polyphenol concentrations(TPC),red osier dogwood(ROD)plant materials boast of high TPC with excellent antioxidant prowess and growth improvement capacities compared to some plant extracts commonly used in ***,its adoption in research and commercial scale is still ***,the present review aims to provide concise information on the dietary potential of ROD plant materials in animal feeding.

关键词： Red osier dogwood Antibiotic-alternative Polyphenolic compounds Antioxidant Antimicrobial

Quantitative Review of Ecosystem Services and Disservices Studies in the Tropics

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Open journal of Ecology 2019年第4期9卷 85-106页

作者： Evariste Rutebuka Abel Olajide Olorunnisola olalekan john taiwo Francis Mwaru Ernest Frimpong Asamoah Emmanuel Rukundo Department of Environment Management Institute of Life and Earth Science Pan-African University (PAULESI)Ibadan Nigeria Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Technology Ibadan University Ibadan Nigeria Department of Geography & Environmental Studies University of Nairobi Nairobi Department of Geography University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Environment Sciences Faculty of Science and Engineering Macquarie University North Ryde Sydney Australia State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing China

The tropics host about 80% of the planet’s terrestrial species and over 95% of its corals. A well-known tropical forest ecosystem to provide significant global regulating services has declined at a rate of 5.5 M ha per year from 1990-2015, while another region noted an increase per year. There is evidence that tropical region ecosystem services and disservices are the least studied in the world. This study quantified peer-review papers in the tropics, then explored the neglected ecosystem type, service category, assessment mode, applied techniques and choice dependence between ecosystem type, service category, assessment mode and applied techniques. The Google Scholar and Web of Science database were used to collect all ES & ED studies available online from 1960 to December 2017. This review covered 102 countries with 578 articles. The study showed dramatic articles increase in the last three years as more than 50% of articles were published after the year of 2014. The top countries in high articles were Mexico (n = 53), India (n = 43), and Brazil (n = 35). The ES & ED assessment tools/techniques are barely applied in tropics as only social based techniques such as interviews and questionnaire take over 45%, while biophysical tools like remote sensing and GIS appeared only in 20%, InVEST only in 3% while the rest tools are less than 1% even none such as ARIES model. Urban and marine ecosystem types, disservices category and trade-off assessment mode were the least studied. The review concluded that policy analysis ES & ED studies do not reflect the trade-offs and synergy analysis between different services which hinder the development of pragmatic policy and decisions toward ES sustainable management in the tropics. The rampant urbanization in the tropics is subjected to destroy existing ES. Thus, this review highly suggested a high concern of urbanization ecosystem. This study also calls for great academic research to give attention to the tropical rainforest regio

关键词： Ecosystem Services Disservices Tropics Country-Basis Choice Dependence