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Larval habitats of mosquito fauna in Osogbo metropolis,Southwestern Nigeria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第9期3卷 673-677页

作者： Monsuru Adebayo Adeleke Wasiu olalekan Adebimpe Abdulwasiu Oladele Hassan Sunday Olukayode Oladejo IsmailOlaoye Ganiyu Olatunji olatunde Taiwo Adewole Department of Biological Sciences Osun State University college of Health Sciences Osun State University Ladoke Akintola University Teaching Hospital Department of Biology Osun StateCollege of Education Department of Economics Fountain University

Objective:To determine the larval habitats of mosquito fauna and possible impact of land use/land cover changes on the epidemiology of mosquito-bome diseases in Osogbo metropolis,Southwestern,***:All accessible larval habitats were surveyed between May and September,2011in Osogbo metropolis while Land Use/Land cover of the city was analyzed using 2 Lansat Multispectral Scanner satellite imagery of SPOT 1986 and *** TM ***:A total of six species namely,Aedes aegypti,Aedes albopictus,Aedes vittatus,Anopheles gambiae complex,culex quinquefascialus and Erelmapodite chrysogaster were encountered during the *** occurrence and contribution of disused tyres was significantly higher(Pcountered,while there were no significant differences in the contribution of gutters/*** tanks/drums,ground pools/open drains and discarded containers lo the breeding of mosquitoes(P>0.05).The accessible land use/land covered of the study area between 1986 and 2009 showed that the wet land coverage and settlement area increased from 0.19 lo 9.09 hectare and 1.00 to 2.01 hectare respectively while the forest area decreased from 60.18 to 50.14 ***:The contribution of the habitats coupled with the increasing rale of flooded environment which could provide ample breeding sites for mosquitoes call for sustained environmental sanitation and management in Osogbo metropolis.

关键词： Larval habitats Mosquitoes Land use/land cover Nigeria

Antifertility effects of 60-day oral gavage of ethanol extract of Spondias mombin leaves in guinea pigs: A biochemical, reproductive and histological study

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2021年第2期10卷 56-67页

作者： olalekan Bukunmi Ogunro Musa Toyin Yakubu Phytomedicine ToxicologyReproductive and Developmental Biochemistry Research LaboratoryDepartment of BiochemistryUniversity of IlorinIlorinNigeria Department of Biological Sciences KolaDaisi UniversityIbadanOyo StateNigeria

Objective:To investigate the impact of ethanol extract of Spondias(S.)mombin leaves on the biochemical parameters of testicular function,hormonal profile,sperm profile and reproductive outcomes of guinea ***:Sexually matured male[(1000.40±8.12)g]and female[(810.00±7.09)g]guinea pigs were *** testicular function study,a total of 24 male guinea pigs were randomised into 4 groups of 6 guinea pigs *** A(control)was orally administered 1 mL of physiological saline,once daily for 60 days while groups B,c and D were treated like the control group except that they were orally administered 100,250 and 500 mg/kg body weight of ethanol extract of *** *** the fertility study,the same animal groupings and treatments in the testicular function study were *** male guinea pigs were paired with the females(1:1)and afterwards examined for pregnancy ***:The ethanol extract of *** leaves contained saponins,alkaloids,flavonoids,tannins,steroids,phenolics,phlobatannins,cardiac glycosides,cardenolides and dienolides with saponins(4.80 mg/mL)occurring the most whilst cardenolides and dienolides(0.08 mg/mL)were the *** ethanol extract of *** leaves significantly and dose dependently reduced the activities of alkaline phosphatase,glutamate dehydrogenase,3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase,malic enzyme,17-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase,lactate dehydrogenase,catalase and superoxide dismutase as well as levels of testosterone,glycogen,total protein and ascorbic acid in the testes when compared with the control group(Pct of *** leaves also reduced the levels of sorbitol dehydrogenase,3-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase,glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and sialic acid whereas the levels of testicular acid phosphatase,gamma glutamyl transferase and cholesterol increased dose dependently(Pced after the admin

关键词： Anacardiaceae Spondias mombin Guinea pig Testicular dysfunction Anti-spermatogenic Antifertility

Investigating Microplastics and Nanoplastics Released from a Rubber Band Used for Orthodontic Treatment with Improved Raman Imaging Algorithms

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Environment & Health 2023年第1期1卷 63-71页

作者： cheng Fang olalekan Simon Awoyemi Yunlong Luo Ravi Naidu Global centre for Environmental Remediation(GcER)and cooperative Research centre for contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment(cRc cARE) University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Global centre for Environmental Remediation(GcER) University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia

Most teenagers experience orthodontic treatment,but we do not know the possible adverse effect of the released microplastics and nanoplastics that are recently categorized as emerging ***,we test the rubber band that has been employed to improve the biting of teeth during the orthodontic process to confirm the release of microplastics and *** improve the characterization of microplastics and nanoplastics by(i)Raman imaging,to extract and map the signal from the scanning spectrum matrix or the hyperspectral matrix and to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio *** effectively extract the signal,(ii)chemometrics such as principal component analysis(PcA)are explored to convert the hyperspectral matrix to an image with an increased *** nonsupervised PcA is intentionally corrected,via(iii)the algebra-based algorithm,to further increase the certainty to image the microplastics and *** the signal is weak,(iv)an additional algorithm of image reconstruction via deconvolution is developed to average the background noise and smooth the *** doing so,we estimate that millions of microplastics and nanoplastics are released daily in potential from a rubber band applied in a teenager's mouth,which might be a big ***,our approach provides a suitable option to characterize the microplastics and nanoplastics from a complex background.

关键词： orthodontics rubber band microplastics nanoplastics Raman imaging algorithm deconvolution

Disparities in caesarean section prevalence and determinants across sub-Saharan Africa countries

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Global Health Research and Policy 2018年第1期3卷 184-192页

作者： Sanni Yaya olalekan A.Uthman Agbessi Amouzou Ghose Bishwajit School of International Development and Global Studies University of OttawaOttawaON K1N 6N5Canada Warwick centre for Applied Health Research and Delivery(WcAHRD) Division of Health SciencesWarwick Medical SchoolUniversity of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUK Bloomberg School of Public Health Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21205USA

Background:Access to safe cesarean section(c-section)in resource-constrained settings such as sub-Sahara Africa(SSA)region is a foremost approach to reduce maternal mortality.c-section is an obstetric operative procedure used appropriately to improve delivery ***,errors in the procedure have enormous potential harm that may outweigh the *** study assessed the prevalence and determinants of c-section in several SSA *** study examined the prevalence and determinants associated with cesarean delivery in SSA ***:Secondary data of women of reproductive age(15-49 years)from the current Demographic and Health Survey(DHS)in 34 SSA countries was utilized in this *** mode of delivery among women was the primary outcome *** and descriptive statistics were used to conduct univariate ***,multivariable multilevel logistic regression was used to investigate correlates of c-section among SSA ***:Results showed disparities in the percentage of c-section among women from 34 SSA countries.c-section at public healthcare settings ranged from 3%in Burkina Faso to 15.6%in ***,in private healthcare settings,c-section ranged from 0%in Sao Tome and Principe to 64.2%in ***,c-section was 7.9%from public healthcare and 12.3%from private healthcare facilities *** the adjusted regression model;women aged 35-49 had increase in the odds of c-section,while a unit increase in the number of children ever born had 17 and 20%significant reduction in the odds of c-section in public and private healthcare *** public healthcare settings;women from richer/richest households,male and large size children at birth had increase in the odds of c-section,while those from rich neighbourhood had reduction in the odds of *** private healthcare settings,women with high decision making power and multiple births had increase in the odds of c-section,while those wh

关键词： cesarean section Delivery Sub-Saharan Africa Vaginal birth Maternal health Global health

Retention of testicular integrity and testosterone levels upon ingestion of garlic cloves(Allium sativum)in the Sprague-Dawley rat

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第4期5卷 319-323页

作者： Adejoke Elizabeth Memudu Ibukun Dorcas Akinrinade olalekan Michael Ogundele Department of Anatomy College of Medicine Bingham University Neural Systems Lab Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences Louisiana State University

Objective: To investigate the effects of acute and chronic aqueous garlic extract ingestion on testicular cellular integrity and serum testosterone ***: Twenty(20) male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing an average of 120 g were *** were divided into three groups. Group A served as control(10 rats for 28 and 56 d respectively), while treatment Groups B and c were given 200 mg/kg for Allium sativum(garlic cloves) extract for 28 and 56 d ***: Histological analysis revealed the presence of all spermatogenic lineages, appearance of proliferative activities in the interstitial cells, as well as increased serum testosterone ***: This study confirmed proliferative and restorative potentials in both acute and chronic garlic ingestion.

关键词： Allium sativum Testis Testosterone

30,000 bpd capacity Modified Modular Refinery Operations in Nigeria

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Open Journal of Modelling and Simulation 2022年第4期10卷 340-348页

作者： Adeloye olalekan Michael Department of chemical/Petrochemical Engineering Rivers State University Port Harcourt Nigeria

The study investigated and classified twenty Nigerian crude oil types based on their products recovery volume at true boiling point temperature of 370˚c using crude oil assay analysis data into Group A (crude oil with recovery volume above 80%), Group B (crude oil with recovery volume between 70% and 79%) and Group c (crude oil with recovery volume below 70%) respectively. Thus, twenty Nigerian crude oil types were simulated in a modified modular refinery (modified topping plant) of 30,000 bpd capacity and twenty-nine (29) column trays number using Aspen Hysys software. Furthermore, the residues from the conventional modular refinery were processed as feedstock or precursor into the hydrocracker reactor attached to the stripping section of the modified modular refinery to yield more valuable products of liquefied petroleum gas, naphtha, diesel and bottom (residue). The simulation results of the modified modular refinery were compared with conventional modular refinery in terms of their residual yield percentage as Nigerian Brass 2012 of API 40.62, recovery volume 88.78%, yielded residue of 11.22% and 1.29% for conventional modular and modified modular refineries respectively while Okoro 2012 of least API 23.54, recovery volume 57.84%, yielded residue of 42.16% and 4.92% for conventional modular and modified modular refineries respectively. Thus, the residual or bottom product issue associated with operational process of conventional modular refinery operations in Nigeria due to inefficient or non-operational conventional major refinery in Nigeria has been resolved to minimum or least amount with the operational process of modified modular refinery operations in Nigeria.

关键词： Modified Modular Refinery Hydrocracker Topping Plant Residue Simulation Aspen Hysys

Geo-Spatial Analysis of Oil Spill Distribution and Susceptibility in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2016年第4期8卷 438-456页

作者： Shittu Whanda olalekan Adekola Bashir Adamu Sani Yahaya Prem c. Pandey Environment and Safequard Unit Nigeria Erosion and Watershed Management Project (NEWMAP) Gombe State Nigeria

Oil spill occurrence during exploration, production and distribution can cause deleterious impact on the environment. contamination of local streams/rivers, farmlands, forest resources and biodiversity in oil producing areas presents strong significant possibility of significant harm to human health. Geo-information technologies present new opportunities for assessing stress environment and ways of determining exposure susceptibility in such areas. The study assesses the geographical distribution of oil-spills cluster and pattern using three geospatial techniques with ground data at 443 oil-spill incident sites from 1985-2008. The places with high (high-volume/ large impact/close proximity to communities) and low incident (low-volume/less impact/far-distance) are related to the quantity of oil-spills identified within those communities considered susceptible to spill impact and possible exposure. While the average nearest neighborhood analysis showed a probability that oil-spill distribution in the area is clustered (ratio cated that the oil-spill with high quantities (volume) discharge are significantly clustered within every 400 m. The Moran’s I index indicted that there is clusters are as a result of random chance. These findings will help to combat the environmental problems and risks of prolong exposure to petroleum hydrocarbons by addressing future incidents or relocating oil facilities/communities and positioning of rapid response strategies.

关键词： Oil Spills GIS Analysis Third Party Damage Interdiction Pollutant Linkages

Optimization of the Striping Section of Modular Refinery Operations in Nigeria

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Open Journal of Optimization 2022年第3期11卷 15-31页

作者： Adeloye olalekan Michael Igbagara Princewill Woyinbrakemi Department of chemical/Petrochemical Engineering Rivers State University Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of chemical Engineering Federal University Otuoke Otuoke Nigeria

Nigerian crude oil type Okoro 2012 was applied in this study owing to its low API value 23.54 and high residual percentage value of 42.16% from conventional modular refinery operations in Nigeria. The residue acted as a precursor or feedstock to the hydrocracker reactor of the modified modular refinery operation, which is an hydrogenation catalytic process at operating conditions of 380°c and 183 bar respectively and the hydrogen gas applied is produced via steam-methane reforming since the operational feedstocks are available as methane is the first gaseous product from the modified modular refinery process. Thus, more valuable products such as liquefied petroleum gas, naphtha and diesel were produced from modified modular refinery thereby resolving the residue or bottom product issue associated with conventional modular refinery operation in Nigeria. Models were developed from the first principle through the application of the principle of conservation of mass to predict the performance of the hydrocracker reactor and the developed models were sets of ordinary differential equations, which were solved using MatLab ODE45 solver and validated using simulation data of Aspen Hysys software for the hydrocracker reactor. The results gave a minimum percentage absolute error (deviation) between model predictions and Aspen Hysys results of 4.45%, 5.0% and 2.02% for liquefied petroleum gas, naphtha and diesel products respectively. Hence, the model developed predicted the output performance of the hydrocracker reactor very closely and was applied in studying or simulation of the effects of catalyst effectiveness factor on the overall performance of the hydrocracker reactor.

关键词： Simulation Optimization Okoro 2012 Hydrocracker Five Lump Aspen Hysys MatLab

Interleukins and Acute Phase Proteins of Bovine Sera during Natural Helminth Burden in Ibadan Nigeria

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2018年第3期8卷 36-46页

作者： olalekan Taiwo Jeremiah Gabriel Olamilekan Banwo Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Inflammatory reactions in the gastrointestinal tract play an important role in the pathogenesis of gastroenteritis in bovine helminthosis. This study determined the serum concentrations of cytokines induced acute phase proteins (Serum Amyloid A (SAA), Haptoglobin (Hp) and c-reactive protein (cRP)) and the levels of immunoreactive interleukins (IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-6) in cattle naturally infected with helminths. We sampled a total of 480 slaughtered cattle of both sexes in a major abattoir in Ibadan, Nigeria. Sedimentation, floatation and modified McMaster techniques were employed to determine the degrees of helminth infections. Animals with eggs per gram (epg) less than 200 were adjudged to be apparently healthy. The serum concentrations of interleukins and acute phase proteins were determined using the Technicon AutoAnalyzer Model AA II. It was found that mean SAA (μg/l) and cRP (%) levels were significantly (P 0.05). Therefore, some acute phase proteins are involved in the pathophysiology of bovine helminthosis and are closely related to the inflammatory activation of the disease. In lieu of these findings, it is suggested that systemic markers of inflammation can identify subjects at high risk of natural bovine helminthosis and that IL-6 and SAA may be used as indicators for bovine helminthosis.

关键词： c-Reactive Protein (cRP) Interleukins Bovine Helminthosis Haptoglobin Serum Amyloid A (SAA)