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Early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma co-occurring with hepatitis C virus infection: A mathematical model

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第16期22卷 4168-4182页

作者： Abdel-Rahman Nabawy Zekri Amira Salah El-Din Youssef Yasser Mabrouk Bakr Reham Mohamed Gabr ola sayed ahmed Mostafa Hamed Elberry ahmed Mahmoud Mayla Mohamed Abouelhoda Abeer A Bahnassy Molecular Virology and Immunology Unit Cancer Biology Department National Cancer Institute Cairo University Systems and Biomedical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Cairo University Center for Informatics Sciences Nile University Sheikh Zayed City Pathology Department National Cancer Institute Cairo University

AIM: To develop a mathematical model for the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with a panel of serum proteins in combination with α-fetoprotein (AFP).METHODS: Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-8, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor II (sTNF-RII), proteasome, and β-catenin were measured in 479 subjects categorized into four groups: (1) HCC concurrent with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (n = 192); (2) HCV related liver cirrhosis (LC) (n = 96); (3) Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) (n = 96); and (4) Healthy controls (n = 95). The R package and different modules for binary and multi-class classifiers based on generalized linear models were used to model the data. Predictive power was used to evaluate the performance of the model. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis over pairs of groups was used to identify the best cutoffs differentiating the different ***: We revealed mathematical models, based on a binary classifier, made up of a unique panel of serum proteins that improved the individual performance of AFP in discriminating HCC patients from patients with chronic liver disease either with or without cirrhosis. We discriminated the HCC group from the cirrhotic liver group using a mathematical model (-11.3 + 7.38 × Prot + 0.00108 × sICAM + 0.2574 × β-catenin + 0.01597 × AFP) with a cutoff of 0.6552, which achieved 98.8% specificity and 89.1% sensitivity. For the discrimination of the HCC group from the CHC group, we used a mathematical model [-10.40 + 1.416 × proteasome + 0.002024 × IL + 0.004096 × sICAM-1 + (4.251 × 10-4) × sTNF + 0.02567 × β-catenin + 0.02442 × AFP] with a cutoff 0.744 and achieved 96.8% specificity and 89.7% sensitivity. Additionally, we derived an algorithm, based on a binary classifier, for resolving the multi-class classification

关键词： Mathematical model Hepatocellular carcinoma α -fetoprotein Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 β -catenin Interleukin-8 Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor II Proteasome

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3D crustal density modeling of Egypt using GOCE satellite gravity data and seismic integration

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Earthquake Science 2025年第2期38卷 110-125页

作者： Moataz sayed Mohamed Sobh Salah Saleh Amal Othman ahmed Elmahmoudi National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG) Helwan 11421 Cairo Egypt Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics Hannover 30655 Germany Geology Department Faculty of Science Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt

A 3D crustal model was constructed using a combination of cutting-edge techniques, which were integrated to provide a density model for Egypt and address the sporadic distribution of seismic data. These techniques include obtaining gravity data from the Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE), creating seismic profiles, analyzing the receiver functions of seismic data, obtaining information from boreholes, and providing geological interpretations. GOCE satellite gravity data were processed to construct a preliminary model based on nonlinear inversions of the data. A regional crustal thickness model was developed using receiver functions, seismic refraction profiles, and geological insights. The inverted model was validated using borehole data and compared with seismic estimates. The model exhibited strong consistency and revealed a correlation between crustal thickness, geology, and tectonics of Egypt. It showed that the shallowest depths of the Moho are located in the north along the Mediterranean Sea and in the eastern part along the Red Sea, reflecting an oceanic plate with a thin, high-density crust. The deepest Moho depths are located in the southwestern part of Egypt, Red Sea coastal mountains, and Sinai Peninsula. The obtained 3D model of crustal thickness provided finely detailed Moho depth estimates that aligned closely with geology and tectonic characteristics of Egypt, contributing valuable insights into the subsurface structure and tectonic processes of region.

关键词： GOCE satellite gravity Moho depth crustal modeling gravity inversion

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Role of Right Ventricular-Pulmonary Arterial Coupling Measured by Echocardiography in Predicting Right Ventricular Dysfunction after Cardiac Surgery

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2025年第1期15卷 1-11页

作者： Ismail Nasr El-Sokkary Esam ahmed Khalil Mohammed Fawzy Eltaweel ahmed Alherazi Mohammed Samy Bahaa Abdelgawad Elkhonezy Mohamed El sayed Moussa Mohamed ahmed Mosaad Zaki Ibrahim Abdel Fattah Yassin Mohamed Kamal Rehan Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Department of Cardiology Al-Azhar University Faculty of Medicine Cairo Egypt Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University Shibin El Kom Egypt Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Faculty of Medicine Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine Beni Suef University Cairo Egypt

Background: The tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) is an indirect estimate of right ventricular-pulmonary arterial (RV-PA) coupling that has been shown to correlate with invasive measures. We aimed to assess the ability of the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion/pulmonary systolic pressure ratio (TAPSE/PASP) as a measure for RV-PA coupling to predict the development of RV dysfunction after cardiac surgery. Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 100 patients with ischemic heart disease and undergoing cardiac surgery (coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)) with normal preoperative right ventricular function, classified according to RV function outcomes into 2 groups: Normal RV group (65 patients) and RV dysfunction group (35 patients). All cases underwent per and postoperative transthoracic echocardiography. Results: By using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, pre-operative TAPSE/PASP ratio could significantly predict the RV dysfunction (P 0.58, with AUC of 94%, 88.6% sensitivity, and 89.2% specificity. Post-operative TAPSE/PASP Ratio could significantly predict the RV dysfunction (P 0.39, with AUC of 84%, 100% sensitivity, and 76.9% specificity. Pre-operative TAPSE/PASP ratio could significantly predict mortality (P Conclusion: The TAPSE/PASP ratio is an excellent tool for CABG patients for its ability to detect and predict the development of RV dysfunction after cardiac surgery, along with the prediction of mortality in post-operative CABG patients.

关键词： Right Ventricular Pulmonary Arterial Coupling Echocardiography Cardiac Surgery

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Experimental and parametrical investigation of pre-stressed ultrahigh-performance fiberreinforced concrete railway sleepers

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第3期17卷 411-428页

作者： sayed ahmed Hossam ATEF Mohamed HUSAIN Department of Structural Engineering Faculty of EngineeringZagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Egypt Track Work Department National Authority for TunnelsCairo 11522Egypt

In this study,ultrahigh-performance fiber-reinforced concrete(UHPFRC)used in a type B70 concrete sleeper is investigated experimentally and *** main parameters investigated are the steel fiber volume fractions(0%,0.5%,1%,and 1.5%).Under European standards,35 UHPFRC sleepers are subjected to static bending tests at the center and rail seat sections,and the screw on the fastening system is pulled *** first cracking load,failure load,failure mode,crack propagation,load–deflection curve,load–crack width,and failure load from these tests are measured and compared with those of a control sleeper manufactured using normal concrete *** accuracy of the parametric study is verified ***,the results of the study are applied to UHPFRC sleepers with different concrete volumes to investigate the effects of the properties of UHPFRC on their *** and parametric study results show that the behavior of UHPFRC sleepers improves significantly when the amount of steel fiber in the mix is *** manufactured using UHPFRC with a steel fiber volume fraction of 1%and a concrete volume less than 25%that of standard sleeper B70 can be used under the same loads and requirements,which contributes positively to the cost and surrounding environment.

关键词： pre-stressed concrete sleeper ultrahigh performance fiber-reinforced concrete pull-out test static bending test steel fiber aspect ratio volume fraction

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Assessment of clay stiffness and strength parameters using index properties

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2018年第3期10卷 579-593页

作者： sayed M.ahmed Structural Engineering Department Ain Shams University

A new approach is developed to determine the shear wave velocity in saturated soft to firm clays using measurements of the liquid limit, plastic limit, and natural water content with depth. The shear wave velocity is assessed using the site-specific variation of the natural water content with the effective mean stress. Subsequently, an iterative process is envisaged to obtain the clay stiffness and strength *** at-rest earth pressure coefficient, as well as bearing capacity factor and rigidity index related to the cone penetration test, is also acquired from the analyses. Comparisons are presented between the measured clay parameters and the results of corresponding analyses in five different case studies. It is demonstrated that the presented approach can provide acceptable estimates of saturated clay stiffness and strength parameters. One of the main privileges of the presented methodology is the site-specific procedure developed based on the relationships between clay strength and stiffness parameters, rather than adopting direct correlations. Despite of the utilized iterative processes, the presented approach can be easily implemented using a simple spreadsheet, benefiting both geotechnical researchers and practitioners.

关键词： Soft to firm clays Atterberg limits Shear wave velocity Small-strain shear modulus Constrained modulus Undrained shear strength Effective friction angle Cone penetration test

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Epidemiology,etiology,and outcomes of in-hospital cardiac arrest in Lebanon

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2021年第6期18卷 416-425页

作者： ahmed Eltarras Youssef Jalloul ola Assaad Michael Bejjani Yara Yammine Nina Khatib Abdallah Rebeiz Mazen El sayed Marwan Refaat Geriatric Medicine Division Saint Louis University School of MedicineMissouriUSA Department of Internal Medicine American University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirutLebanon Faculty of Medicine American University of BeirutBeirutLebanon School of Nursing American University of BeirutBeirutLebanon Department of Emergency Medicine American University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirutLebanon

BACKGROUND In-hospital cardiac arrest(IHCA)constitutes a significant cause of morbidity and *** data is scarce in the Middle East and Lebanon,we devised this study to shed some light on it to better inform both hospitals and policymakers about the magnitude and quality of IHCA care in *** We analyzed retrospective data from 680 IHCA events at the American University of Beirut Medical Center between July 1,2016 and May 2,*** variables included age and sex,in addition to the comorbidities listed in the Charlson comorbidity *** event variables were day,event location,time from activation to arrival,initial cardiac rhythm,and the total number of IHCA *** also looked at the months and *** considered the return of spontaneous circulation(ROSC)and survival to discharge(StD)to be our outcomes of *** The incidence of IHCA was 6.58 per 1,000 hospital admissions(95%CI:6.09−7.08).Non-shockable rhythms were 90.7%of *** IHCA cases occurred in the closed units(87.9%)(intensive care unit,respiratory care unit,neurology care unit,and cardiology care unit)and on weekdays(76.5%).ROSC followed more than half the IHCA events(56%).However,only 5.4%of IHCA events achieved *** ROSC and StD were higher in cases with a shockable *** outcomes were not significantly different between day,evening,and *** was not significantly different between weekdays and weekends;however,StD was higher in events that happened during weekdays than weekends(6.7%vs.1.9%,P=0.002).CONCLUSIONS The incidence of IHCA was high,and its outcomes were lower compared to other developed *** outcomes were better for patients who had a shockable rhythm and were similar between the time of day and days of the *** findings may help inform hospitals and policymakers about the magnitude and quality of IHCA care in Lebanon.

关键词： policy return listed

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Position Control of Synchronous Motor Drive by Modified Adaptive Two-phase Sliding Mode Controller

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2008年第4期5卷 406-412页

作者： Mohamed Said sayed ahmed Automation Science and Electrical Engineering School Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

A modified adaptive two-phase sliding mode controller for the synchronous motor drive that is highly robust to uncertain- ties and external disturbances is proposed in this *** proposed controller uses two-phase sliding mode control (SMC) where the 1st phase mainly controls the system in steady states and disturbed states-it is a smoothing *** 2nd phase is used mainly in the case of disturbed ***,it is an autotuning phase and uses a simple adaptive algorithm to tune the gain of conventional variable structure control (VSC).The modified controller is useful in position control of a permanent magnet synchronous drive.

关键词： Reaching law adaptive control sliding mode control (SMC) chattering.

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VeriFace:Defending against Adversarial Attacks in Face Verification Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第9期76卷 3151-3166页

作者： Awny sayed Sohair Kinlany Alaa Zaki ahmed Mahfouz Information Technology Department Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Computer Science Department Faculty of ScienceMinia UniversityAl MinyaEgypt Faculty of Computer Studies Arab Open UniversityMuscatOman

Face verification systems are critical in a wide range of applications,such as security systems and biometric ***,these systems are vulnerable to adversarial attacks,which can significantly compromise their accuracy and *** attacks are designed to deceive the face verification system by adding subtle perturbations to the input *** perturbations can be imperceptible to the human eye but can cause the systemtomisclassifyor fail torecognize thepersoninthe *** this issue,weproposeanovel system called VeriFace that comprises two defense mechanisms,adversarial detection,and adversarial *** first mechanism,adversarial detection,is designed to identify whether an input image has been subjected to adversarial *** second mechanism,adversarial removal,is designed to remove these perturbations from the input image to ensure the face verification system can accurately recognize the person in the *** evaluate the effectiveness of the VeriFace system,we conducted experiments on different types of adversarial attacks using the Labelled Faces in the Wild(LFW)*** results show that the VeriFace adversarial detector can accurately identify adversarial imageswith a high detection accuracy of 100%.Additionally,our proposedVeriFace adversarial removalmethod has a significantly lower attack success rate of 6.5%compared to state-of-the-art removalmethods.

关键词： Adversarial attacks face aerification adversarial detection perturbation removal

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Inflammatory processes in the liver: divergent roles in homeostasis and pathology

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第6期18卷 1375-1386页

作者： ola ahmed Mark W.Robinson Cliona O’Farrelly School of Medicine Trinity College DublinDublinIreland Department of Biology Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health ResearchMaynooth UniversityMaynoothIreland School of Biochemistry&Immunology Trinity College DublinDublin 2Ireland

The hepatic immune system is designed to tolerate diverse harmless foreign moieties to maintain homeostasis in the healthy *** priming and regulation ensure that appropriate immune activation occurs when challenged by pathogens and tissue *** to accurately discriminate,regulate,or effectively resolve inflammation offsets this balance,jeopardizing overall tissue health resulting from an either overly tolerant or an overactive inflammatory *** scientific and clinical evidence links dysregulated hepatic immune and inflammatory responses upon sterile injury to several pathological conditions in the liver,particularly nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and ischemia-reperfusion *** and human studies have described interactions between diverse immune repertoires and nonhematopoietic cell populations in both physiological and pathological activities in the liver,although the molecular mechanisms driving these associations are not clearly ***,we review the dynamic roles of inflammatory mediators in responses to sterile injury in the context of homeostasis and disease,the clinical implications of dysregulated hepatic immune activity and therapeutic developments to regulate liver-specific immunity.

关键词： homeostasis immunology inflammation liver

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Experimental Investigation on Saline Water Purification Using Reverse Osmosis by a Novus Biomimetic Membrane

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第3期19卷 816-836页

作者： Yasin Edmam Iman Nadim ahmed sayed Abul Monsur Anachh Kazi Abu Manjur Department of Civil Engineering Mymensingh Engineering CollegeUniversity of DhakaMymensingh2208Bangladesh Department of Civil Engineering Dhaka University of Engineering&TechnologyGazipur1707Bangladesh

A substantial amount of Earth’s water is inadequate for human consumption while local demand is outstripping traditional supplies in many world regions;thereby,brackish and seawater treatment has become a *** investigation suggested a complete design of an RO-based desalination filter with a multilayer biomimetic *** study demonstrated a comprehensive method for experimentally fabricating a proprietary biomaterial-based multilayer nano-porous *** analysis revealed that Silk Nano-Fibril(SNF)and Hydroxyapatite(HAP)extracted from Bombyx Mori silkworm cocoons may be utilized to manufacture highly methodical multilayer membranes by incorporating protein-self-assembly and ***’s aquaporin layer containing lipid-bilayers has rapid water permeability and high efficacy at eliminating salt ions and *** 4µm thick SNF/HAP membrane showed a considerable decrease in salinity,with a salt rejection of 93.33%.The proposed membrane had a saline water permeability of 6.58 LMH/bar,almost 61.09%higher than conventional TFC *** barrier and spiral-wrapped filter architecture of the membrane enable low fouling and self-cleaning *** schematic filter design and biomimetic fabrication of the SNF/HAP membrane have formulated a conceptual framework that might direct to the broad-scale,low-cost RO water purification filters,increasing the efficiency of water desalination and boosting the effectiveness of water treatment technologies to reduce potable water scarcity.

关键词： Desalination applications Reverse osmosis membrane architecture Biomimetic synthesis Nano-filtration Water purification

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