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Switchgrass Biochar Effects on Plant Biomass and Microbial Dynamics in Two Soils from Different Regions

Pedosphere 2015年第3期25卷 329-342页

作者： Charlene N.KELLY Francisco C.CALDERóN verónica ACOSTA-MARTíNEZ Maysoon M.MIKHA Joseph BENJAMIN David W.RUTHERFORD Colleen E.ROSTAD Western Carolina University Department of Geosciences and Natural Resources331 Stillwell HallCullowheeNC 28723 (USA) U.S.Geological Survey Denver CO 80225 (USA) USDA-ARS Akron CO 80720 (USA) USDA-ARS Lubbock TX 79403 (USA)

Biochar amendments to soils may alter soil function and fertility in various ways, including through induced changes in the microbial community. We assessed microbial activity and community composition of two distinct clayey soil types, an Aridisol from Colorado(CO) in the U.S. Central Great Plains, and an Alfisol from Virginia(VA) in the southeastern USA following the application of switchgrass(Panicum virgatum) biochar. The switchgrass biochar was applied at four levels, 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10%, approximately equivalent to biochar additions of 0, 25, 50, and 100 t ha-1, respectively, to the soils grown with wheat(Triticum aestivum) in an eight-week growth chamber experiment. We measured wheat shoot biomass and nitrogen(N) content and soil nutrient availability and N mineralization rates, and characterized the microbial fatty acid methyl ester(FAME) profiles of the soils. Net N mineralization rates decreased in both soils in proportion to an increase in biochar levels, but the effect was more marked in the VA soil, where net N mineralization decreased from-2.1 to-38.4 mg kg-1. The 10% biochar addition increased soil p H, electrical conductivity, Mehlichand bicarbonate-extractable phosphorus(P), and extractable potassium(K) in both soil types. The wheat shoot biomass decreased from 17.7 to 9.1 g with incremental additions of biochar in the CO soil, but no difference was noted in plants grown in the VA soil. The FAME recovery assay indicated that the switchgrass biochar addition could introduce artifacts in analysis, so the results needed to be interpreted with caution. Non-corrected total FAME concentrations indicated a decline by 45% and 34% with 10% biochar addition in the CO and VA soils, respectively, though these differences became nonsignificant when the extraction efficiency correction factor was applied. A significant decline in the fungi:bacteria ratio was still evident upon correction in the CO soil with biochar. Switchgrass biochar had the potential to caus

关键词：微生物群落结构植物生物量生物炭柳枝稷地上部生物量弗吉尼亚州土壤功能土壤类型

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LI-RADS中利于诊断良性的次要征象：在LR-5病灶中是否有作用

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国际医学放射学杂志 2022年第3期 365-366页

作者： R.Can F.ver M.Ant D.S.Gag F.Mat M.Mid 孔蒙娟

摘要目的肝脏影像报告与数据系统(LI-RADS)是一套标准化的报告评价系统，用于解读肝细胞癌(HCC)高危人群的肝脏影像征象，其中LR-5等级提示肯定为HCC。在LI-

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Biochar addition to vineyard soils:effects on soil functions,grape yield and wine quality

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Biochar 2021年第4期3卷 565-577页

作者： Manuel García-Jaramillo Kylie M.Meyer Claire L.Phillips verónica Acosta-Martínez James Osborne Alexander D.Levin Kristin M.Trippe Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 93771USA USDA-ARS Forage Seed and Cereal Research Unit3450 SW Campus WayCorvallisOR 97331USA Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 93771USA USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Agriculture and the EnvironmentAmesIA 50011USA Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Unit USDA-ARSLubbockTX 79415USA Department of Food Science and Technology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA Southern Oregon Research and Extension Center Oregon State UniversityCentral PointOR 97502USA Department of Horticulture Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

In response to increasing concerns over climate change,soil health and wine quality,grape growers are seeking new practices(e.g.,biochar application)to minimize their environmental footprint while increasing productivity and the quality of their *** explore the potential of biochar-based amendments to achieve these goals in wine grape production,vineyard trials were established in the fall of *** Oregon sites were chosen with distinct soil types and climates(Willamette Valley and Rogue Valley)but planted with the same grapevine scion/rootstock Pinot noir *** treatments were applied under vines at each location:no biochar-no tillage(NT);no biochar+tillage(B0);18 tons ha^(−1)biochar+tillage(B18);35 tons ha^(−1)biochar+tillage(B35).In 2019,a suite of soil health,plant,and crop variables were measured,and wines were produced after *** incorporation of biochar modified the chemical and physical composition of soils at the two studied locations,increasing the bioavailability of carbon and nitrogen,their gravimetric water content and the concentration of plant available micro and macro *** responses of plant physiology parameters or productivity at either site were found after biochar incorporation when compared with ***,a significant and gradual decrease in the amount of wine tannins was found as a result of biochar application in wines produced from grapes from the Woodhall ***-term field experiments are required to assess the effects of biochar on soil properties,vine physiol-ogy,productivity,and grape and wine quality several years after incorporation.

关键词： Soil health C sequestration Wine quality

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溃疡性结肠炎患者的同期重建与分期重建及其手术失败风险:一项全国性队列研究

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结直肠肛门外科 2022年第1期28卷 84-85页

作者：付兆媛 WESTBERG K oléN O SODERLING J 甘肃中医药大学附属医院消化科甘肃兰州730000 不详

背景:溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者接受结肠切除术后的重建手术可以与结肠切除术同时进行,也可以作为分期手术进行。重建手术后失败的危险因素尚未完全明确。本研究旨在比较UC修复性手术同期重建与分期重建手术失败的风险。方法:这是一项基于... 详细信息

背景:溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者接受结肠切除术后的重建手术可以与结肠切除术同时进行,也可以作为分期手术进行。重建手术后失败的危险因素尚未完全明确。本研究旨在比较UC修复性手术同期重建与分期重建手术失败的风险。方法:这是一项基于国家层面的队列研究,研究对象为1997—2017年瑞典15~69岁因UC接受结肠切除术并行回肠直肠吻合术(IRA)或回肠储袋肛管吻合术(IPAA)的患者。手术失败定义为在重建手术后再次进行新的回肠造口手术,或在2年后继续进行功能不全的回肠造口手术。

关键词：重建手术结肠切除术回肠直肠吻合术队列研究分期手术功能不全手术失败危险因素

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Nanotechnology applications in osteodistraction

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2014年第1期1卷 5-12页

作者： Adam E.Singleton Jon P.ver Halen Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTN 38163USA Division of Plastic Reconstructiveand Hand SurgeryBaptist Memorial Healthcare CorporationMemphisTN 38120USA Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center NashvilleTN 37232USA St Jude Children's Research Hospital MemphisTN 38105USA.

Most current strategies for bone regeneration have relatively satisfactory ***,there are drawbacks and limitations associated with their use and availability,and even controversial reports about their efficacy and *** induction of new bone formation through distraction osteogenesis(DO)is widespread clinical application in the treatment of bone defects,limb deformities,and fracture ***,a lengthy period of external fixation is usually needed to allow the new bone to consolidate,and complications such as refracture at the distraction gap often *** various biomaterials have been used as injectable delivery systems in DO models,little has been reported on the use of nanobiomaterials as carrier materials for the sustained release of growth factors in bone *** area of focus in nanotechnology is the delivery of osteogenic factors in an attempt to modulate the formation of *** review article seeks to demonstrate the potential of nanobiomaterials to improve biological applications pertinent to osteodistraction.

关键词： Bone regeneration distraction osteogenesis nanobiomaterials nanoparticles nanotechnology

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Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease is associated with low muscle mass and strength in patients with chronic hepatitis B

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第8期14卷 1652-1666页

作者： Cecy Maria de Lima Santos Matheus Duarte Brito Pedro Alves Soares Vaz de Castro Thais Pontello de Vries Nataly Lopes Viana Marta Paula Pereira Coelho olívio Brito Malheiro Tatiana Bering Maria Cristina Gonzalez Rosangela Teixeira Rodrigo Dias Cambraia Gifone Aguiar Rocha Luciana Diniz Silva Sciences Applied to Adult Health Care Post-Graduate Programme Faculdade de Medicina Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil Outpatient Clinic of Viral Hepatitis Instituto Alfa de GastroenterologiaFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil Faculdade de Medicina Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil Department of Locomotor System Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil Department of Food and Nutrition Universidade Federal de Mato GrossoCuiabá78060-900Mato GrossoBrazil Postgraduate Program in Health and Behaviour Catholic University of PelotasPelotas 96015-560Rio Grande do SulBrazil Laboratory of Research in Bacteriology Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil Department of Internal Medicine Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil

BACKGROUND Although the prognostic relevance of sarcopenia has been increasingly recognised in the context of liver disease,there is a paucity of data evaluating body composition in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB).Beyond virus-related factors,nutritional and metabolic aspects can be associated with skeletal muscle abnormalities in these patients and should not be *** To evaluate the association between components of sarcopenia and demographic,clinical,lifestyle,nutritional,and biochemical variables in CHB *** Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA)was used to assess muscle mass by quantifying appendicular lean mass(ALM)adjusted for body mass index(ALMBMI).Muscle function was evaluated by hand grip strength(HGS)and the timed up and go ***-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)was defined according to the criteria proposed by an international expert panel.A body shape index and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire were used to assess central obesity and physical activity level,*** This cross-sectional study included 105 CHB outpatients followed at the tertiary care ambulatory centre(mean age,48.5±12.0 years;58.1%males;76.2%without cirrhosis;23.8%with compensated cirrhosis).The DXA-derived fat mass percentage was inversely correlated with the ALMBMI(r=-0.87)and HGS(r=-0.63).In the multivariable analysis,MAFLD,sedentarism and central obesity were positively and independently associated with low *** and central obesity were independently associated with low *** MAFLD and central obesity were associated with low muscle mass and strength in patients with chronic hepatitis B,independent of the liver disease stage.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Appendicular lean mass Muscle strength Metabolic associated fatty liver disease Central obesity Physical performance

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Improved Design of a 25 MW Gas Turbine Plant Using Combined Cycle Application

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2015年第8期3卷 1-14页

作者： Barinaadaa Thaddeus Lebele-Alawa Anthony Kpegele Le-ol Department of Mechanical Engineering Rivers State University of Science and Technology Port Harcourt Nigeria

This paper presents the improved design of a 25 MW gas turbine power plant at Omoku in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria, using combined cycle application. It entails retrofitting a steam bottoming plant to the existing 25 MW gas turbine plant by incorporating a heat recovery steam generator. The focus is to improve performance as well as reduction in total emission to the environment. Direct data collection was performed from the HMI monitoring screen, log books and manufacturer’s manual. Employing the application of MATLAB, the thermodynamics equations were modeled and appropriate parameters of the various components of the steam turbine power plant were determined. The results show that the combined cycle system had a total power output of 37.9 MW, made up of 25.0 MW from the gas turbine power plant and 12.9 MW (an increase of about 51%) from the steam turbine plant, having an HRSG, condenser and feed pump capacities of 42.46 MW, 29.61 MW and 1.76 MW respectively. The condenser cooling water parameters include a mass flow of 1180.42 kg/s, inlet and outlet temperatures of 29.8°C and 35.8°C respectively. The cycle efficiency of the dry mode gas turbine was 26.6% whereas, after modification, the combined cycle power plant overall efficiency is 48.8% (about 84% increases). Hence, SIEMENS steam turbine product of MODEL: SST-150 was recommended as the steam bottoming plant. Also the work reveals that a heat flow of about 42.46 MW which was otherwise being wasted in the exhaust gas of the 25 MW gas turbine power plant could be converted to 12.9 MW of electric power, thus reducing the total emission to the environment.

关键词： Gas Turbine Steam Turbine HRSG Combined Cycle Power Output Overall Efficiency Condenser Cooling Water

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Potential Map for the Installation of Concentrated Solar Power in Northeast of Brazil Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2020年第5期12卷 470-495页

作者： Chigueru Tiba verônica W. B. Azevêdo Departmento de Energia Nuclear Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife Brazil

Brazil has a predominantly renewable energy matrix, with large participation of water resource in domestic supply of energy. Data from 2019 National Energy Balance show that renewable sources (water, biomass, wind and solar photovoltaic) together represented 83% of domestic electric supply in 2018, where the remaining percentage (16.7%) represented non-renewable sources. The generation of electricity through thermal solar technology was not representative. However, it is known that Brazil presents high potential for the installation of solar thermal plants, especially in the Northeastern Region, where direct normal solar irradiation values are high. It is observed that the (high) costs of the projects associated to the absence of a specific incentive program make Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) plants installation more and more time consuming. As a way to contribute to the insertion of solar thermal energy in Brazil, this article presents a methodology for the location of parabolic trough solar thermal plants of 80 MW for the State of Bahia, located in the Northeastern Region of Brazil. Such methodology was based on the application the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and the Geoprocessing Technologies to define potentially available sites for the implementation of the projects. For the analysis, parameters related to energy production in the solar power plant, electric, roadways and water infrastructure of the plant were taken into account, as well as the occupation, slopes and land use. Considering the analyses performed, it was confirmed that Bahia disposes of many sites with great generation potential, especially in the western region of the State (at Barreiras), where favorable conditions were found for the development of the technology. Localities situated in other region of the State were also confirmed as suitable, however with less site availability for the insertion of plants. Methodology validations were also carried out and indicated that the mode

关键词： Solar Energy Location Studies Solar Thermal Power Plants Geoprocessing

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Carbon, Water, Ecological Footprints, Energy and Nutritional Densities of Omnivore and Vegan Culinary Preparations

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第7期14卷 626-637页

作者： Thadia Turon Costa Da Silva Bianca Biscacio Falco Isis Gomes De Castro Rita Barreira Zanon Juliana Vidal Vieira Guerra Karina Yuriko Yaginuma verônica oliveira Aline Gomes De Mello De oliveira Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brasil Math and Statistics Institute Fluminense Federal University Niterói Brasil

This study aimed to evaluate energy and nutritional densities, water, carbon and ecological footprints, cost, of omnivorous and vegan main courses served in a university restaurant in the city of Rio de Janeiro. A cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted with 40 main dish-type preparations, 20 of which are omnivorous and 20 vegans, served at lunch, to assess energy and nutritional densities, carbon, water and ecological footprints and cost of preparations. We propose a healthy and sustainable preparation index (HSPI) to evaluate from the list, the best preparation options considering the nutritional quality combined with the impact that the food causes on the environment. Preparations with the highest HSPI were considered the best options because they have a good relation between the nutritional profile and the environmental impact. Results: Regarding energy (ED), nutritional (ND) densities and water, carbon and ecological footprints, omnivorous preparations presented much higher values when compared to the vegan ones. The omnivorous preparations had the highest average cost (R$ 3.44). Regarding the HSPI, vegan preparations showed better rates than omnivorous preparations. Food services should promote healthy and sustainable choices by offering menus with low energy density preparations, high nutritional density, and low environmental impact, considering local realities and customer needs. Conclusion: This study was able to evaluate the best preparation options, considering the nutritional profile and the food impact on the environment, using health and sustainable indicators. Obtaining indicators of preparations regarding healthiness and sustainability, in practice, translates environmental aspects in menu planning, which contribute to changes in food consumption patterns in food services, in addition to contributing to the reduction of the environmental impact. In this way, they can be used as tools added to the menu planning process for the analysis of the

关键词： Food Services Menu Planning Environment Carbon Footprint Water Footprint

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A new look at epicardial adipose tissue from the perspective of Iranian traditional medicine

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2014年第6期12卷 529-530页

作者： Ali Reza Derakhshan Raso ol Choopani Sohrab Dehghan School of Traditional Medicine Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences

The fact that distribution of body fat can have a major role in the development of metabolic derangement and cardiovascular diseases is supported by a considerable amount of *** it is no surprise that increased of metabolic syndrome. New evidence describing adipose tissue as an advanced endocrine unit, capable of producing substances with remarkable physiologic impacts, has led to increased research interest in this field. While many fatty tissues are similar in composition, some of them, notably subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues, possess special properties.

关键词： epicardial adipose tissue Iranian medicine traditional

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