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Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Obesity among Adolescents in Secondary School in Onitsha, South East Nigeria

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2023年第7期13卷 85-106页

作者： Nkiru Veronica Agu Kenneth Nchekwube okeke Sylvia Tochukwu Echendu Chinyere Ukamaka Onubogu Joy Chinelo Ebenebe Thomas Obiajulu Ulasi Njideka Constance Uchefuna Christian Chukwuemeka Ifezulike Amalachukwu Okwukweka Odita Joseph Ezeogu Department of Paediatrics Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nnewi Nigeria Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Clinical Medicine Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Clinical Sciences Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital Awka Nigeria Department of Paediatrics Imo state Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria

Background: The prevalence of obesity among adolescent has been on the increase worldwide. This is probably a result of increase in the sedentary life style and the increasing shift to western diet. Obesity in children and adolescents has adverse consequences. These include increase in the rate of Diabetes Mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, etc with resultant increase in premature deaths. Objectives: To determine the socio-demographic and behavioral factors associated with overweight and obesity in apparently healthy secondary school adolescents. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of secondary school adolescents aged 10 - 19 years randomly selected from two public schools and three private schools. The weight and heights of study subjects were measured using standard equipment. Body mass index (BMI) was appropriately calculated and the WHO growth reference standard for age and gender, specific percentile for BMI was used to define overweight 85th to 97th and obese (97th percentile and above). Results: Data were initially collected from 1250 participants, but 52 were excluded due to improperly completed questionnaires. Thus, a total of 1198 students were ultimately included in the study, giving a response rate of 95.8%. These included 621 females (51.8%) and 577 males (48.2%) aged 10 - 19 years giving a F:M ratio of 1:0.9. The mean age of the students was 15.07 ± 1.96 years overall, 15.13 ± 2.08 years for males and 15.03 ± 1.83 years for females. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female in the distribution of age groups (p = 0.12). The mean BMI was 21.51 ± 3.57 kg/m2 for females and 20.22 ± 3.16 kg/m2 for males. The BMI was significantly higher in females in all age groups (p < 0.001) except those aged 10 - p = 0.13). The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were higher in females than males (17.7% vs 10.7%, 5.6% vs 4.5% respectively;p ≤ 12

关键词： Adolescent Obesity Socio-Demographic Behavioral Factors

Comparative Assessment of the Phytochemical and Selected Heavy Metal Levels in Cucumis sativusL. and Solanum aethiopicumL. Fruit Sample Grown in South Eastern and North Central Regions of Nigeria Respectively

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Natural Resources 2021年第8期12卷 223-236页

作者： C. C. Aniobi O. okeke E. Ezeh H. C. okeke K. O. Nwanya Department of Community Medicine University of Nigeria Enugu Campus Nigeria Plastic Production Unit Scientific Equipment Development Institute Akwuke Nigeria Chemical Engineering Department Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Geological Sciences Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Scientific and Industrial Research National Research Institute for Chemical Technology Zaria Nigeria

Studies were carried out to comparatively assess the phytochemical and heavy metal levels in Solanum aethiopicum L. and Cucumis sativus L. fruit samples grown in the South Eastern and North Central regions of Nigeria respectively using standard analytical procedures and instrumentation. The fruit samples were assayed for selected heavy metals (Pb, Cd and Cu) using atomic absorption spectrophotometer after wet digestion of the samples. The five detected phytochemicals (flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins and glycosides) were present at varying amounts in the investigated fruit samples from the South Eastern and North Central regions of Nigeria. The range of mean values of flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins and glycosides in the S. aethiopicum L. fruit samples from the two studied regions were 0.50 - 0.57, 0.53 - 1.26, 0.44 - 0.78, 1.12 - 1.93 and 0.40 - 0.50 mg/g respectively. The range of mean values of flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins and glycosides in the C. sativus L. fruit samples from the two studied regions of Nigeria were 1.27 - 1.69, 0.53 - 0.55, 0.96 - 1.51, 0.41 - 0.83 and 0.90 - 1.74 mg/g respectively. The range of mean vales of Pb, Cd, and Cu in the S. aethiopicum L. fruit samples from the two studied regions were 0.15 - 0.24, 0 - 0.01, 0.78 - 1.12 μg/g respectively. 0.31 - 0.40, 0.02 - 0.05 and 0.62 -

关键词： Cucumis sativus L. Solanum aethiopicum L. Phytochemicals and Heavy Met-als North Central Region and South Eastern Region

Markov Chain Approach to Projection of Secondary School Enrolment and Projection of Teachers

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Open Journal of Statistics 2018年第3期8卷 533-555页

作者： M. N. Egbo D. C. Bartholomew J. U. okeke E. N. okeke Department of Statistics Federal University of Technology Owerri Owerri Nigeria Leadway Assurance Company Limited Lagos Nigeria Department of Mathematics and Statistics Federal University Wukari Nigeria

An enrolment projection model based on the Markov Chain is developed for Apostolic Faith Secondary School, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Six years of data (between 2008/2009-2013/2014 academic sessions) of student enrolment at the school were studied. The study reveals that the enrolments through various grades are not stable and orderly. The model is helpful for the school’s future planning in matters regarding secondary students’ enrolment.

关键词： Markov Chain Stationary Length of Stay Estimation of Teachers Future Grade Size

Crime Mapping in Nigeria Using GIS

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2014年第5期6卷 453-466页

作者： Toju Francis Balogun Henry okeke Christain Ifanyin Chukwukere Department of Geography and Regional Planning University of Benin Benin City Nigeria

This paper first examines crime situation in Benin metropolis using questionnaire to elicit information from the public and the police. Result shows that crime is on the rise and that the police are handicapped in managing it because of the obsolete methods and resources at their disposal. It also reveals that members of the public have no confidence in the police force as 80% do not report cases for fear of exposure to the informant to the criminal. In the light of these situations, the second part of the paper looks at the possibility of utilizing GIS for effective management of crime in Nigeria. This option was explored by showing the procedural method of creating 1) digital landuse map showing the crime locations, 2) crime geo-spatial database, and 3) spatial analysis such as query and buffering using ILWIS and ArcGIS software and GPS. The result of buffering analysis shows crime hotspots, areas deficient in security outfit, areas of overlap and areas requiring constant police patrol. The study proves that GIS can give a better synoptic perspective to crime study, analysis, mapping, proactive decision making and prevention of crime. It however suggests that migrating from traditional method of crime management to GIS demands capacity building in the area of personnel, laboratory and facilities backed up with policy statement.

关键词： Crime Hotspot Geospatial Data Database Design Conceptual Modeling Logical Design Physical Design Entity Relationship Relationship Enforcement

Comparative Assessment of the Proximate and Mineral Composition of Cucumis sativusL. and Solanum aethiopicumL. Fruit Samples Grown in South Eastern and North Central Regions of Nigeria Respectively

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Natural Resources 2021年第8期12卷 237-249页

作者： H. C. okeke O. okeke K. O. Nwanya C. R. Offor C. C. Aniobi Department of Geological Sciences Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Plastic Production Unit Scientific Equipment Development Institute Akwuke Nigeria Department of Scientific and Industrial Research National Research Institute for Chemical Technology Zaria Nigeria Department of Biochemistry University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Department of Community Medicine University of Nigeria Enugu Campus Enugu Campus Nigeria

Studies were carried out to comparatively assess the proximate and mineral composition of Solanum aethiopicum L. and Cucumis sativus L. fruit samples grown in the South Eastern and North Central regions of Nigeria respectively, following standard analytical procedures and instrumentation. The mineral elements (Na, K, Zn and Ca) were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer after wet digestion of the samples while the proximate parameters (ash content, moisture content, crude fibre content, crude protein content, crude fat content and carbohydrate content) were determined in accordance with standard analytical procedures. The mean range of the moisture, crude fibre, crude protein, crude fat, ash and carbohydrate contents in the S. aethiopicum L. fruit samples grown in the North Central and South Eastern regions of Nigeria were 72.49 - 88.23, 2.15 - 3.67, 1.31 - 1.85, 0.43 - 0.76, 0.51 - 0.84 and 3.18% - 5.72% respectively. Additionally, the moisture, crude fibre, crude protein, crude fat, ash and carb

关键词： Solanum aethiopicum L. Cucumis sativus L. Proximate Parameters Mineral Elements South Eastern Region and North Central Region

Measuring Traffic Induced Air Pollution in Onne Port’s Environment

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2021年第4期10卷 63-75页

作者： Donatus Eberechukwu Onwuegbuchunam Famous Egelu Moses Olatunde Aponjolosun Kenneth Okechukwu okeke Department of Maritime Management Technology Federal University of Technology Owerri Imo State Nigeria Department of Maritime Transport & Logistics Nigerian Maritime University Okerenkeko Warri Delta State

Maritime shipping has been a major facilitator of economic prosperity throughout the world and it is likely to grow to meet continued and growing transport needs in both developed and developing countries. However, global emissions from maritime shipping have increased considerably, causing depletion of the ozone layer and most importantly posing threat to lives and coastal environment through air pollution. This study investigated the constituents of ambient air in Onne port’s environment in Rivers State of Nigeria. Six air pollutants (O3 CO, NO2, PM2.5, PM10, and SO2) were critically monitored with hand-held mobile Aeroqual gas monitors, series 500, at strategic locations within the port’s environment and Eleme Junction (the control). We found that mean concentrations (μg·m3) of the following pollutants: O3 (71.776 ± 0.726), CO, (19.145 ± 0.275) NO2 (28.145 ± 0.965) and SO2 (36.913 ± 0.378) were significantly high. The particulates (PM10, PM2.5) also showed higher mean concentrations of 48.400 ± 0.197 and 29.676 ± 0.352 respectively. The observed values were found to be significantly higher than those observed in the control group and also exceeded the safe permissible limits for gaseou

关键词： Air Pollution in Ports Greenhouse Gases Health Hazards Ozone Layer Particulate Matter

混合料组分及烧结参数对高碱度烧结矿强度的影响

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烧结球团 1992年第5期17卷 41-45页

作者： S.I.okeke 商理堂

本文旨在探索碱度为1.2～1.5的高碱度烧结矿出现“低强度区”的原因。高碱度烧结矿系由伊塔克伯铁精矿制得。研究结果表明,烧结矿强度降低的原因一是由于气孔率增加。二是由于石灰的同化率下降。本文还对防止低强度区进行了研究,结果表... 详细信息

本文旨在探索碱度为1.2～1.5的高碱度烧结矿出现“低强度区”的原因。高碱度烧结矿系由伊塔克伯铁精矿制得。研究结果表明,烧结矿强度降低的原因一是由于气孔率增加。二是由于石灰的同化率下降。本文还对防止低强度区进行了研究,结果表明,在烧结混合料中加入35%的返矿(0～15mm)可提高高碱度烧结矿的强度。另外,最佳焦粉配比与最佳料层高度相结合,亦可增加烧结矿的强度。

关键词：高碱度烧结矿组分烧结参数强度

The Distribution and Problems of the Invasive Alien Plant, Mimosa diplotrichaC. Wright ex Sauvalle (Mimosaceae) in Nigeria

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第4期4卷 866-877页

作者： Frank Ekhator Osariyekemwen O. Uyi Celestine E. Ikuenobe Celestina O. okeke Agronomy Division Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research Benin City Nigeria Biological Control of Invasive Alien Plant Species Laboratory Department of Zoology and Entomology Rhodes University Grahamstown South Africa

Mimosa diplotricha is an invasive perennial, scrambling, thorny, leguminous shrub of neotropical origin widely acknowledged as a major economic, agricultural and ecological burden in its introduced ranges. Although the plant is thought to have been present in Nigeria for well over two decades, its mode and time of introduction is uncertain. In spite of the continuing spread of, and the menace caused by M. diplotricha in Nigeria, no attempt has been made to map the distribution of the plant countrywide. Therefore, we conducted a countrywide survey between 2007 and 2009, sponsored by the Weed Science Society of Nigeria (WSSN) to determine the spread and status of Mimosa diplotricha in Nigeria. A further objective of this paper was to review literatures on Mimosa diplotricha in Nigeria and elsewhere to enable comparison. In this paper, we report on the spread, distribution and problems of Mimosa diplotricha in Nigeria based on the field monitoring surveys conducted. The distribution of this invasive plant in Nigeria has been mapped and is presented together with its ecology and problems being caused. Since the early 1990s, the weed has started to spread and invade many parts of the country causing significant damage to many natural and semi natural ecosystems. The different control options used by farmers to control Mimosa diplotricha in Nigeria are discussed. Based on the successful control of this invasive plant using the biocontrol agent, Heteropsylla spinulosa in countries such as Australia and Papua New Guinea (PNG), we discussed the biological control prospects for the management of Mimosa diplotricha in Nigeria. Such control attempts stands to benefit from international collaborations between Nigerian institutions and a host of others in Australia, PNG and/or Brazil. Finally three major causes for the massive and continuing spread of this weed in Nigeria are presented with recommendations for the Nigerian government and institutions to: 1) formulate policies and

关键词： Mimosa diplotricha Invasive Weed Problems Spread Control Prospects Nigeria

Methanol extracts of Basella alba leaves alleviate stress in rats

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2020年第2期12卷 163-170页

作者： Olubayode Bamidele Nkiruka Chisom okeke Temitope Gabriel Adedeji Lawrence Dayo Adedayo Akinjide Moses Akinnuga Department of Physiology Faculty of Basic Medical and Health SciencesCollege of Health SciencesBowen UniversityIwo 232101 Nigeria Department of Physiology Federal University of TechnologyAkure 340252Nigeria Department of Human Physiology Cross River University of Technology Okuku CampusYala 550107Nigeria

Objective:Stress is becoming an unavoidable threat in recent times,there has been increasing interest by researchers in the use of naturally occurring biologically active compounds with medicinal value to cure body *** present work was carried out to investigate the effect of methanol extract of Basella alba leaves on stress in Wistar rats(Rattus norvegicus).Methods:A total of 35 male rats were used in this *** were grouped into seven groups of five rats *** 1(normal control)was received 10 m L/kg normal *** 2 contained restraint stress rats *** 3 contained forced swim stress rats *** 4 and 5 were treated with 60 mg/kg of *** extract(BAE)thereafter subjected to restraint and forced swim stresses *** 6 and 7 were treated with 120 mg/kg of BAE thereafter subjected to restraint and forced swim stresses *** procedures were carried out at the end of first and third ***:In the stressed rats,there were significant increases(P<0.05)in fasting blood glucose and white blood cell count while there were significant decreases in superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione concentration when compared to group *** were significant decreases(P<0.05)in blood glucose and white blood cell count and significant increases in superoxide dismutase and glutathione concentrations in BAE treated rats when compared to group 2 and *** of the significant differences were either dose or duration ***:In conclusion,results from this research suggest that BAE alleviates hyperglycaemia,chronic activation of immune system and generation of free radicals due to stress in Wistar rats.

关键词： antioxidant enzymes Basella alba L fasting blood glucose haematological parameters stress