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Diel vertical migration of the copepod Calanus sinicus before and during formation of the Yellow Sea Cold Bottom Water in the Yellow Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2013年第9期32卷 99-106页

作者： KANG Jung-Hoon SEO MinHo kwon oh Youn KIM Woong-Seo South Sea Environment Research Division Korea Institute of Ocean Science&Technology (KIOST) Deep-sea and Seabed Resources Research Division

To understand the effects of the Yellow Sea Cold Bottom Water （YSCBW） on the diel vertical migration （D- VM） of the copepod Calanus sinicus, we surveyed vertical distribution of C. sinicus at a fixed station in the Yellow Sea before （spring） and during （summer） formation of the YSCBW. Cold water （〈10℃） was observed in the bottom layer when the water column was thermally stratified in summer, but the water column was thermally well-mixed in spring 2010. Samples were collected from five different layers at 3-h intervals using an opening-closing net. Adult females （1-155 ind./m3） showed a clear normal DVM pattern throughout the entire water column in spring, whereas adult males did not migrate. DVM of copepodite V （CV） individuals was not clear, but the maximum abundance of CI-CIV occurred consistently in the upper 10-20 m layer, where there was a high concentration of chlorophyll-a （Chl-a）（0.49-1.19μg/L）. In summer, weak DVM was limited to cold waters beneath the thermocline for adult females （〈30 ind./m3）, but not for adult males. The maximum abundance of CI-CIV also occurred consistently in the subsurface layer （20-40 m） together with high concentrations of Chl-a （0.81-2.36 μg/L）. CV individuals （1-272 ind./m3） moved slightly upward noc- turnally to the near-surface layer （10-20 m）, where the average temperature was 25.74℃, but they were not found in the surface layer （0-10 m; 28.31℃）. These results indicate that the existence of the YSBCW affected food availability at depth and the vertical temperature distribution, leading to variation in the amplitude and shape of stage-specific vertical distributions （CI to adults） in C. sinicus before and during the formation of cold waters in the Yellow Sea during the study period.

关键词： Yellow Sea Cold Bottom Water (YSCBW) copepod Calanus sinicus developmental stages,diel vertical migration (DVM)

Specific inhibition of Streptococcus bovis by endolysin LyJH307 supplementation shifts the rumen microbiota and metabolic pathways related to carbohydrate metabolism

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第1期13卷 209-223页

作者： Hanbeen Kim Tansol Park Inhyuk kwon Jakyeom Seo Department of Animal Science Life and Industry Convergence Research InstitutePusan National University1268-50 Samrangjin-roMiryang 50463Republic of Korea Department of Animal Science and Technology Chung-Ang UniversityAnseong-siGyeonggi-do 17546Republic of Korea EASY BIO Inc.Seoul 06253South Korea

Background:Endolysins,the bacteriophage-originated peptidoglycan hydrolases,are a promising replacement for antibiotics due to immediate lytic activity and no antibiotic *** objectives of this study were to investigate the lytic activity of endolysin LyJH307 against *** and to explore changes in rumen fermentation and microbiota in an in vitro *** treatments were used:1)control,corn grain without LyJH307;and 2)LyJH307,corn grain with LyJH307(4 U/mL).An in vitro fermentation experiment was performed using mixture of rumen fluid collected from two cannulated Holstein steers(450±30 kg)and artificial saliva buffer mixed as 1:3 ratio for 12 h incubation *** vitro dry matter digestibility,pH,volatile fatty acids,and lactate concentration were estimated at 12 h,and the gas production was measured at 6,9,and 12 *** rumen bacterial community was analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon ***:LyJH307 supplementation at 6 h incubation markedly decreased the absolute abundance of ***(approximately 70% compared to control,P=0.0289)and increased ruminal pH(P=0.0335)at the 12 h *** acetate proportion(P=0.0362)was significantly increased after LyJH307 addition,whereas propionate(P=0.0379)was ***307 supplementation increased D-lactate(P=0.0340)without any change in L-lactate concentration(P>0.10).There were no significant differences in Shannon’s index,Simpson’s index,Chao1 estimates,and evenness(P>0.10).Based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrices,the LyJH307 affected the overall shift in microbiota(P=0.097).LyJH307 supplementation induced an increase of 11 genera containing Lachnoclostridium,WCHB1-41,unclassified genus Selenomonadaceae,Paraprevotella,vadinBE97,Ruminococcus gauvreauii group,Lactobacillus,Anaerorhabdus furcosa group,Victivallaceae,Desulfuromonadaceae,and *** predicted functional features represented by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were changed by LyJH307 toward a de

关键词： Endolysin Rumen microbiota Ruminal acidosis Streptococcus bovis

Effect of soil pH on the sorption capacity of soil organic matter for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in unsaturated soils

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Pedosphere 2023年第2期33卷 365-371页

作者： Pil-Gon KIM Abhrajyoti TARAFDAR Jung-Hwan kwon Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Korea University145 Anam-roSeongbuk-guSeoul 02841(Korea)

Sorption by soil organic matter(SOM)is considered the most important process affecting the bioavailability of hydrophobic organic chemicals(HOCs)in *** sorption capacity of SOM for HOCs is affected by many environmental *** this study,we investigated the effects of soil pH and water saturation level on HOC sorption capacity of SOM using batch sorption *** of soil organic carbon-water partition coefficient(K_(OC))of six selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)were measured in an artificial soil under various soil pH and water saturation *** sampling was used to measure K_(OC)with polydimethylsiloxane as the sampling *** of soil pH,K_(OC)increased with increasing soil water saturation level for lower-molecular-weight *** contrast,K_(OC)decreased with increasing soil water saturation level for higher-molecular-weight *** some fluctuations,K_(OC)tended to decrease with increasing soil pH at all water saturation *** indicates that earlier studies on the effects of soil pH on K_(OC)under saturated conditions could be extended to unsaturated *** K_(OC)tendencies were reproduced in three different natural soils,suggesting that the effects of soil water saturation level and pH might be generalized,at least for *** PAH sorption capacity of SOM was found to be resilient under dynamic soil pH conditions,which can be used to adjust the effects of soil pH.

关键词： contaminated soil hydrophobic organic chemical partition coefficient passive sampling pollutant soil water saturation level

Enhanced 3D Point Cloud Reconstruction for Light Field Microscopy Using U-Net-Based Convolutional Neural Networks

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第12期47卷 2921-2937页

作者： Shariar Md Imtiaz Ki-Chul kwon F.M.Fahmid Hossain MdBiddut Hossain Rupali Kiran Shinde sang-Keun Gil Nam Kim Department of Information and Communication Engineering Chungbuk National UniversityCheongju-siChungcheongbuk-do28644Korea Department of Electronic Engineering University of SuwonHwaseong-siGyeonggi-do18323Korea

This article describes a novel approach for enhancing the three-dimensional(3D)point cloud reconstruction for light field microscopy(LFM)using U-net architecture-based fully convolutional neural network(CNN).Since the directional view of the LFM is limited,noise and artifacts make it difficult to reconstruct the exact shape of 3D point *** existing methods suffer from these problems due to the self-occlusion of the *** manuscript proposes a deep fusion learning(DL)method that combines a 3D CNN with a U-Net-based model as a feature *** sub-aperture images obtained from the light field microscopy are aligned to form a light field data cube for preprocessing.A multi-stream 3D CNNs and U-net architecture are applied to obtain the depth feature fromthe directional sub-aperture LF data *** the enhancement of the depthmap,dual iteration-based weighted median filtering(WMF)is used to reduce surface noise and enhance the accuracy of the *** a 3D point cloud involves combining two key elements:the enhanced depth map and the central view of the light field *** proposed method is validated using synthesized Heidelberg Collaboratory for Image Processing(HCI)and real-world LFM *** results are compared with different state-of-the-art *** structural similarity index(SSIM)gain for boxes,cotton,pillow,and pens are 0.9760,0.9806,0.9940,and 0.9907,***,the discrete entropy(DE)value for LFM depth maps exhibited better performance than other existing methods.

关键词： 3Dreconstruction 3Dmodeling point cloud depth estimation integral imaging light filedmicroscopy 3D-CNN U-Net deep learning machine intelligence

Microsphere-assisted,nanospot,non-destructive metrology for semiconductor devices

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第2期11卷 262-275页

作者： Soonyang kwon Jangryul Park Kwangrak Kim Yunje Cho Myungjun Lee Equipment R&D Team 4 Mechatronics ResearchSamsung Electronics Co.Ltd.1-1 Samsungjeonja-roHwaseong-siGyeonggi-do 18848Republic of Korea

As smaller structures are being increasingly adopted in the semiconductor industry,the performance of memory and logic devices is being continuously improved with innovative 3D integration schemes as well as shrinking and stacking *** to the increasing complexity of the design architectures,optical metrology techniques including spectroscopic ellipsometry(SE)and reflectometry have been widely used for efficient process development and yield ramp-up due to the capability of 3D structure ***,there has been an increasing demand for a significant reduction in the physical spot diameter used in the SE technique;the spot diameter should be at least 10 times smaller than the cell dimension(~30×40μm2)of typical dynamic random-access memory to be able to measure in-cell critical dimension(CD)*** this end,this study demonstrates a novel spectrum measurement system that utilizes the microsphere-assisted super-resolution effect,achieving extremely small spot spectral metrology by reducing the spot diameter to~210 nm,while maintaining a sufficiently high signal-to-noise *** addition,a geometric model is introduced for the microsphere-based spectral metrology system that can calculate the virtual image plane magnification and depth of focus,providing the optimal distance between the objective lens,microsphere,and sample to achieve the best possible imaging *** proof of concept was fully verified through both simulations and experiments for various ***,owing to its ultra-small spot metrology capability,this technique has great potential for solving the current metrology challenge of monitoring in-cell CD variations in advanced logic and memory devices.

关键词： metrology dimension utilize

Long-Term Outcome and Risk Factor Analysis of Surgical Pulmonary Valve Replacement in Congenital Heart Disease

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第3期17卷 335-350页

作者： Woo Young Park Gi Beom Kim sang Yun Lee Mi Kyoung Song Hye Won kwon Hyo Soon An Eun Jung Bae Sungkyu Cho Jae Gun Kwak Woong-Han Kim Department of Pediatrics Seoul National University Children’s HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Seoul National University Children’s HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulKorea

Objectives:To establish long-term outcome of surgical pulmonary valve replacement(PVR)in congenital heart disease(CHD)and to identify risk factors for overall mortality,operative mortality,and repetitive ***:This is a retrospective study of 375 surgical PVR in 293 patients who underwent surgical PVR for CHD between January 2000 and May *** only included patients with index PVR with previous open-heart surgery regardless of the number of *** previous surgical history of patients who underwent PVR during the study period was also *** who underwent the Rastelli operation,and those who underwent single PVR without previous open-heart surgery were ***:The median age of the patients at the time of surgical PVR was 14.9 years(Interquartile range,IQR,11.0–22.0).The median follow-up duration was 10.5 years(IQR,5.5–14.8 years).There were 3 patients with operative mortality(1.0%)and 15 patients with overall mortality(5.1%).The survival rate was 95.1%over 20 years follow-up *** analysis demonstrated that more than 3 times of previous open-heart surgeries before surgical PVR,older age at the first operation,longer cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB)time and longer intensive care unit(ICU)stay were predictors for overall *** who underwent surgical PVR after more than 3 times of previous open-heart surgeries had significantly higher mortality than those who underwent open-heart surgeries less than 3 times(P<0.001).Age younger than 10 years,male,multiple valve problems and longer ICU stay were significant predictors for repetitive PVR by multivariate ***:Though surgical PVR has excellent long-term outcome,it should be performed with caution for those who previously underwent multiple open-heart surgeries,especially if patient received more than 3 times of open-heart surgeries.

关键词： Pulmonary valve replacement mortality operative mortality repetitive pulmonary valve replacement risk factor analysis childhood

TC-Net:A Modest&Lightweight Emotion Recognition System Using Temporal Convolution Network

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第9期46卷 3355-3369页

作者： Muhammad Ishaq Mustaqeem Khan Soonil kwon Sejong University Software Convergence Department Seoul05006Korea Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence(MBZUAI) Abu Dhabi3838-111188United Arab Emirates

Speech signals play an essential role in communication and provide an efficient way to exchange information between humans and *** Emotion Recognition(SER)is one of the critical sources for human evaluation,which is applicable in many real-world applications such as healthcare,call centers,robotics,safety,and virtual *** work developed a novel TCN-based emotion recognition system using speech signals through a spatial-temporal convolution network to recognize the speaker’s emotional *** authors designed a Temporal Convolutional Network(TCN)core block to recognize long-term dependencies in speech signals and then feed these temporal cues to a dense network to fuse the spatial features and recognize global information for final *** proposed network extracts valid sequential cues automatically from speech signals,which performed better than state-of-the-art(SOTA)and traditional machine learning *** of the proposed method show a high recognition rate compared with *** final unweighted accuracy of 80.84%,and 92.31%,for interactive emotional dyadic motion captures(IEMOCAP)and berlin emotional dataset(EMO-DB),indicate the robustness and efficiency of the designed model.

关键词： Affective computing deep learning emotion recognition speech signal temporal convolutional network

Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Miniscalpel-Needle Treatment for Tension-Type Headache:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第9期26卷 713-720页

作者： Chan-Young kwon sang-Hoon Yoon Sun-Yong Chung Jong Woo Kim Department of Clinical Korean Medicine Graduate SchoolKyung Hee U niversitySeoul(02447)Republic of Korea Chung-Yeon Central Institute Gwang-juRepublic of Korea Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry Kyung Hee University Hospital at GangdongSeoul(02447)Republic of Korea

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of miniscalpel-needle(MSN)treatment for tension-type headache(TTH).Method:Seven medical databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials(RCTs)evaluating the effect and safety of MSN *** articles published up to November 15,2018 were retrieved.A meta-analysis was conducted for the included studies,and the risk of bias was *** outcomes were visual analogue scale(VAS)or numeric rating scale(NRS)*** outcomes were clinical effective rates including total effective rate(TER),markedly effective rate(MER),and totally cured rate(TCR)determined by improvement in clinical symptoms or VAS scores,the frequency of adverse events(AEs)that occurred during the study,and participant quality of life(QOL).Results:Seven RCTs involving 724 participants were *** treatment showed significantly higher MER and TCR[relative risk(RR)1.27,95%confidence interval(Cl)1.01 to 1.61;RR 1.31,95%Cl 1.09 to 1.57,respectively],but not TER(RR 1.03,95%Cl 0.96 to 1.10)compared to *** treatment plus conventional treatment showed significant lower VAS and higher TER,MER,and TCR(mean difference-3.54,95%Cl-3.80 to-3.28;RR 1.14,95%Cl 1.06 to 1.23;RR 2.31,95%Cl 1.50 to 3.58;RR 3.01,95%Cl 2.25 to 4.02,respectively)compared to conventional ***:According to current evidence,MSN treatment as a monotherapy or as an adjunctive treatment to other existing treatments might have benefits on treating ***,since the number and the sample size of studies included were both small and the methodological quality was poor,the findings of this review should be interpreted with great caution,and our confidence in the results is low.A high quality RCT using objective outcomes should be performed on this topic.

关键词： acupuncture acupotomy tension-type headache systematic review meta-analysis

Question-Answering Pair Matching Based on Question Classification and Ensemble Sentence Embedding

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第9期46卷 3471-3489页

作者： Jae-Seok Jang Hyuk-Yoon kwon Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University of Science and TechnologySeoul01811Korea Department of Industrial Engineering/Graduate School of Data Science Seoul National University of Science and TechnologySeoul01811Korea

Question-answering(QA)models find answers to a given *** necessity of automatically finding answers is increasing because it is very important and challenging from the large-scale QA data *** this paper,we deal with the QA pair matching approach in QA models,which finds the most relevant question and its recommended answer for a given *** studies for the approach performed on the entire dataset or datasets within a category that the question writer manually *** contrast,we aim to automatically find the category to which the question belongs by employing the text classification model and to find the answer corresponding to the question within the *** to the text classification model,we can effectively reduce the search space for finding the answers to a given ***,the proposed model improves the accuracy of the QA matching model and significantly reduces the model inference ***,to improve the performance of finding similar sentences in each category,we present an ensemble embedding model for sentences,improving the performance compared to the individual embedding *** real-world QA data sets,we evaluate the performance of the proposed QA matching *** a result,the accuracy of our final ensemble embedding model based on the text classification model is 81.18%,which outperforms the existing models by 9.81%∼14.16%***,in terms of the model inference speed,our model is faster than the existing models by 2.61∼5.07 times due to the effective reduction of search spaces by the text classification model.

关键词： Question-answering text classification model data augmentation text embedding