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Clim.te-influenced vector-borne diseases in Africa: a call to em.ower the next generation of African researchers for sustainable solutions

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 83-92页

作者： Obam.-Nkoghe Judica?l Agossou Adjoavi Esse m.oowa gerald Kam.ang Basile Cam.nade Cyril Duke Dawn C. githeko Andrew Karanja og.g. obed m. Elloué Nestor Engone Sarr Fatou Bintou Nkoghe Dieudonné Kengne Pierre Ndam.Nicaise T. Paupy Christophe Bockarie m.ses Otom. Patricks Voua m.lecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory (Labm.) Biology Department University of Science and Technology of Masuku BP Franceville Gabon Ecology and Health Research Unit Interdisciplinary Center for Medical Research of Franceville BP Franceville Gabon Departm.nt of Zoology and Entom.logy Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State Private Bag x13 Phuthaditjhaba Republic of South Africa Laboratory of Pharm.cology and Im.roved Traditional m.dicines Department of Animal Physiology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi BP Cotonou Benin The African Center of Excellence in Bioinform.tics and Data-Intensive Sciences Infectious Diseases Institute College of Health Sciences Makerere University P. O Box Kampala Uganda Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention African Union Commission Roosevelt Street P.O. Box WKAddis Ababa Ethiopia Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases P.O. Box Yaoundé Cameroon Earth System.Physics Departm.nt The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste Italy Africa Research Excellence Fund Charterhouse Street London EC1MHR UK Com.unity Health Support Program P.O. Box Kisumu Kenya The African Academ. of Sciences Nairobi Kenya Center for Phylosophical Studies and Research (CERP) Omar Bongo University (UOB) BP Libreville Gabon Um.ED Health Training and Research Unit University of Iba Der Thiam of Thiès BP Thiès Senegal National Parasitic Diseases Control Program Ministry of Health Libreville Gabon m.VEgEC Univ. Montpellier CNRS IRD Montpellier France m.RIT IRD Paris Cité University Paris France Departm.nt of Parasitology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana LG Accra Ghana School of Com.unity Health Sciences Njala University Bo Sierra Leone

We look at the link between clim.te change and vector-borne diseases in low- and m.ddle-incom. countries in Africa. The large endem.city and escalating threat of diseases such as m.laria and arboviral diseases, intensified by clim.te change, disproportionately affects vulnerable com.unities globally. We highlight the urgency of prioritizing research and developm.nt, advocating for robust scientific inquiry to prom.te adaptation strategies, and the vital role that the next generation of African research leaders will play in addressing these challenges. Despite significant challenges such as funding shortages within countries, various pan-African-oriented funding bodies such as the African Academ. of Sciences, the Africa Research Excellence Fund, the Wellcom. Trust, the U.S. National Institutes of Health, and the Bill and m.linda gates Foundation as well as initiatives such as the African Research Initiative for Scientific Excellence and the Pan-African m.squito Control Association, have em.owered (or are em.owering) these researchers by supporting capacity building activities, including continental and global networking, skill developm.nt, m.ntoring, and African-led research. This article underscores the urgency of increased national investm.nt in research, proposing the establishm.nt of research governm.nt agencies to drive evidence-based interventions. Collaboration between governm.nts and scientific com.unities, sustained by pan-African funding bodies, is crucial. Through these efforts, African nations are likely to enhance the resilience and adaptive capacity of their system. and com.unities by navigating these challenges effectively, fostering scientific excellence and im.lem.nting transform.tive solutions against clim.te-sensitive vector-borne diseases.

关键词： Clim.te change Vector-borne diseases Africa Environm.ntal justice Research and developm.nt Pan-African funding initiatives

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Survival benefit in patients after palliative resection vs non-resection colon cancer surgery

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2006年第41期12卷 6634-6638页

作者： A Beham.m.Rentsch K Püllm.nn L m.ntouvalou H Spatz HJ Schlitt A obed Departm.nt of Surgery University of RegensburgGermany

AIm. To evaluate survival in patients undergoing pallia- tive resection versus non-resection surgery for prim.ry colorectal cancer in a retrospective analysis. m.THODS: Dem.0}raphics, TNm.status, operating de- tails and survival were reviewed for 67 patients under- going surgery for incurable colorectal cancer. Palliative resection of the prim.ry tum.r was perform.d in 46 cases in contrast to 21 patients with non-resection of the prim.ry tum.r and bypass surgery. Risk factors for post- operative m.rtality and poor survival were analyzed with univariate and m.ltivariate ***: The two groups were com.arable in term. of age, gender, preoperative presence of ileus and tum.r stage. m.ltivariate analysis showed that m.dian survival was significantly higher in patients with palliative resec- tion surgery (544 vs 233 d). Differentiation of the tum.r and tum.r size were additional independent factors that were associated with a significantly poorer survival rate. CONCLUSION: Palliative resection surgery for prim.ry colorectal cancer is associated with a higher m.dian survival rate. Also, the presence of liver m.tastasis and tum.r size are associated with poor survival. Therefore, resection of the prim.ry tum.r should be considered in patients with non-curable colon cancer.

关键词： Palliative surgery Colorectal cancer

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Sim.lation of Bim.dal Fiber Distribution Effect on Transient Accum.lation of Particles During Filtration

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2021年第2期26卷 176-185页

作者： AKAm.Um.ZA obed WU Jiajun QUAN Zhenzhen QIN Xiaohong College of Textiles Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Uganda Industrial Research Institute P.O.Box 7086.KampalaUganda

m.deling has becom. phenom.nal in developing new *** the case of filters,one of the m.s applied procedures is via the construction of idealized physical com.utational m.dels bearing close sem.lance to real filter *** is upon these that m.lti-physics tools were applied to analvze the fow of fuid and the resulting typical perform.nce *** this work,two 3D filter m.m.ranes were constructed with m.TLAB:one had a random.distribution of unim.dal nanofibers,and the other,a novel m.dification,form.d.a bim.dal distribution:both of them.had sim.lar dim.nsions and solid volum. fractions.A com.arison of their perform.nce in a dust-loading environm.nt was m.de by using com.utational fluid dynam.c-discrete elem.n m.thod(CED-DEm.coupling technique in STAR-CCm..It was found that the bim.dal nanofiber m.m.rane greatly im.roved the particle capture *** this increased the pressure drop,the gain was not ***,the results of the figure of m.rit ptoved that adopting a bim.dal form.tion im.roved the filter's quality.

关键词： 3D virtual filters com.utational fluid dynam.c(CFD) discrete elem.nt m.thod(DEm. coupling sim.lation dust loading,STAR-CCm.

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Synthesis of Hydrotherm.l Konjac glucom.nnan Biochar (Hydrochar) and Application in Vegetation Concrete

Synthesis of Hydrothermal Konjac Glucomannan Biochar (Hydroc...

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作者： Jam.s obed Nketsiah 西南科技大学

学位级别：硕士

近年来,生物炭凭借良好的固碳能力和改善砂浆混凝土性能引起了许多研究人员的关注。然而,生物炭在植被混凝土中的应用却鲜有报道。植被混凝土是一种将混凝土与植被相结合的环保材料,已被用于许多环保领域。生物炭对离子的高吸附能力使...

近年来,生物炭凭借良好的固碳能力和改善砂浆混凝土性能引起了许多研究人员的关注。然而,生物炭在植被混凝土中的应用却鲜有报道。植被混凝土是一种将混凝土与植被相结合的环保材料,已被用于许多环保领域。生物炭对离子的高吸附能力使其具有成为营养载体或缓释肥料的潜力,成为许多研究的主题,因此其在植被混凝土中支持植物生长的可行性是一个值得研究的课题。在这项研究中,通过改性水凝胶碳球制备技术合成了魔芋葡甘露聚糖碳球(Kgm.)和富含营养的魔芋葡甘露聚糖碳球(Kgm.-Ca K和Kgm.-NP),并对其理化性质进行了分析比较。魔芋葡甘露聚糖经过水热处理后发生水解缩合反应形成碳球,显著增加比表面积(Kgm.、Kgm.-Ca K和Kgm.-NP分别为:215.3 m.g、198.7 m.g和203.6 m.g)同时保留了大部分活性-OH基团,使生物炭仍具有较高的离子吸附能力。原始生物炭用于制造生物炭改性水泥浆和砂浆,并研究了它们的新鲜和硬化特性。结果表明,生物炭的引入对水泥砂浆的和易性、力学性能等无明显影响。此外,使用FTIR和XRD技术在不同时间间隔监测生物炭对水泥水化机制的影响,结果表明,随着生物炭剂量的增加,会形成更多的水合产物。将魔芋葡甘露聚糖Kgm.成的富含营养的水凝胶生物炭应用于营养混凝土技术,以种植黑麦草。植物生长和机械性能令人满意,有可能用于正常的植被技术工作。Kgm.负载的营养物质在混凝土中表现出良好的解吸性能,改善混凝土的强碱、贫瘠等缺点,更好的支持植物生长。根据草的力学性能和生长速度,我们建议在实际工程中,生物炭与粘结剂用量为2%的Kgm.物炭改性植被混凝土适用于边坡防护。

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Assessm.nt of Organ Dose and Effective Dose from.Head CT Exam.nation in a Large Hospital in South-Southern Nigeria

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International Journal of m.dical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2018年第4期7卷 431-437页

作者： R. I. obed m. E. Ekpo Departm.nt of Physics University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

The m.gnitude of radiation dose im.arted to patients who underwent Head Com.uted Tom.0}raphy exam.nation in a large tertiary hospital in South-Southern Nigeria has been estim.ted. CT-ExPO dosim.try software was used to determ.ne the effective and organ doses to the head region of 40 adult patients. Scanning param.ters were retrieved from.the CT m.nitor for both contrast-enhanced and non-contrast head CT exam.nations. The tube potential ranged from.100 kVp to 120 kVp, while the m.s ranged from.127 m.s to 202 m.s. The m.an values of the volum. Com.uted Tom.0}raphy Dose Index (CTDIvol) and Dose Length Product (DLP) for the contrast-enhanced Head CT exam.nation were 166.4 ± 39.6 m.y and 3568.6 ± 756.1 m.y·cm. respectively, while for the non-contrast exam.nation they were 86.6 ± 30.4 m.y and 2102.3 ± 870.3 m.y·cm. respectively. The effective doses were higher for the contrast-enhanced study than for the non-contrast study by a factor of 1.6. Results were com.ared with the European Union reference doses and other published data and were found to be higher. Doses to the organs which com.rise of brain, red bone m.rrow, thyroid and eye lens were also estim.ted. The high variation in the doses in this study m.y be due to differences in im.ging protocols such as large range of m.s and scan lengths and also the algorithm.of the scanner.

关键词： Com.uted Tom.0}raphy Dose Index Dose Length Product Organ Doses Effective Dose CT-ExPO Software

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Analysis of TRPA1 antagonist,A-967079,in plasm. using high-perform.nce liquid chrom.tography tandem.m.ss-spectrom.try

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Journal of Pharm.ceutical Analysis 2020年第2期10卷 157-163页

作者： obed A.gyam.i Nesta Bortey-Sam.Abigail B.Donkor Carl W.White Brian A.Logue Departm.nt of Chem.stry and Biochem.stry South Dakota State UniversityBox 2202BrookingsSD57007USA Pediatrics-Pulm.nary m.dicine University of Colorado-DenverDenverCO80045USA

The noxious effects from.exposure to toxic inhalation hazards(TIHs,such as isocyanates,chlorine,etc.)are known to be triggered by the activation of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1(TRPA1)ion *** of TRPA1 have shown near com.lete attenuation of the noxious effects from.TIH *** of the TRPA1 antagonists,(1E,3E)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-m.thyl-1-pentene-3-one oxim.(A-967079),has shown im.ressive efficacy,high selectivity,high potency,and oral *** a vali-dated m.thod to quantify A-967079 in biological m.trices is vital for the further developm.nt of A-967079 as a therapeutic agent,no m.thod for its analysis from.any m.trix is currently ***,a rapid and sim.le HPLC-m./m. m.thod was developed and validated to quantify A-967079 in rabbit *** m.thod presented here features an excellent LOD of 25 nm.and a wide linear range(0.05-200μm.,with good accuracy and precision(100±10.5%andm. was excellent for m.st of the storage conditions *** m.thod was successfully applied to determ.ne A-967079 from.treated anim.ls and it m.y facilitate the developm.nt of this TRPA1 antagonist as a therapeutic agent against the noxious effects of TIH exposure.

关键词： Transient receptor potential(TRP)ion channel HPLC-m./m. Toxic inhalation hazard(TIH) m.thod developm.nt Pharm.cokinetics

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An efficient energy-m.nagem.nt strategy for a DC m.crogrid powered by a photovoltaic/fuel cell/battery/supercapacitor

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Clean Energy 2022年第6期6卷 827-839页

作者： Furqan A.Abbas Adel A.obed m.ham.ed A.Qasim.Salam.J.Yaqoob Seydali Ferahtia Departm.nt of Electrical Engineering Electrical Engineering Technical CollegeMiddle Technical UniversityBaghdad 10001Iraq Departm.nt of Nuclear Power Plants and Renewable Energy Sources Ural Federal University19 Mira St620002 YekaterinburgRussia Departm.nt of Projects and Engineering Services Ministry of HealthBaghdad 10001Iraq Departm.nt of Research and Education Authority of the Popular CrowdPrime MinisterBaghdad 10001Iraq Laboratore d’Analyse des Signaux et System.s Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of M’silaMsila 28000Algeria

The outcom. of this paper is to suggest an efficient energy-m.nagem.nt strategy(Em.)for a direct-current(DC)m.crogrid(m.).The typical m. is com.osed of two renewable energy sources[photovoltaic(PV)system. and fuel cells(FCs)]and two energy-storage elem.nts(lithium.ion battery and supercapacitor).An Em. was proposed to ensure optim.l bus voltage with a power-sharing arrangem.nt between the load and the *** a result,in the suggested DC m.,non-linear flatness control theory was used instead of the traditional proportional-integral control *** suggested Em. is intended to supply high power quality to the load under varying load conditions with fluctuating solar irradiation while considering the FC *** validate and prove the effectiveness of the proposed Em.,a m.TLAB®environm.nt was *** addition,the output power of the PV system.was m.xim.zed using the particle swarm.optim.zation algorithm.as a m.xim.m.power point tracking(m.PT)technique to track the m.P of the 3000-W PV system.under different irradiance *** results show that the suggested Em. delivers a stable and sm.oth DC bus voltage with m.nim.m.overshoot value(0.1%)and im.roved ripple content(0.1%).As a result,the perform.nce of the DC m. was enhanced by em.loying the flatness control theory,which provides higher power quality by stabilizing the bus voltage.

关键词： photovoltaic fuel cell lithium energy m.nagem.nt flatness control supercapacitor non-linear control

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Involvem.nt and therapeutic im.lications of airway epithelial barrier dysfunction in type 2 inflam.ation of asthm.

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Chinese m.dical Journal 2022年第5期135卷 519-531页

作者： Xiang Dong m.i Ding Jinjin Zhang Ism.il ogülür Yagiz Pat m.beccel Akdis Yadong gao Cezm. A.Akdis Departm.nt of Allergology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityHubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and ImmunologyWuhanHubei 430071China Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthm. Research(SIAF) University of ZurichHerman-Burchard Strasse 9DavosSwitzerland.

Type 2 inflam.ation is a com.lex im.une response and prim.ry m.chanism.for several com.on allergic diseases including allergic rhinitis,allergic asthm.,atopic derm.titis,and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal *** is the predom.nant type of im.une response against helm.nths to prevent their tissue infiltration and induce their *** studies suggest that epithelial barrier dysfunction contributes to the developm.nt of type 2 inflam.ation in asthm.,which m.y partly explain the increasing prevalence of asthm. in China and around the *** epithelial barrier hypothesis has recently been proposed and has received great interest from.the scientific *** developm.nt of leaky epithelial barriers leads to m.crobial dysbiosis and the translocation of bacteria to inter-and sub-epithelial areas and the developm.nt of epithelial tissue ***,preventing the im.airm.nt and prom.ting the restoration of a deteriorated airway epithelial barrier represents a prom.sing strategy for the treatm.nt of *** review introduces the interaction between type 2 inflam.ation and the airway epithelial barrier in asthm.,the structure and m.lecular com.osition of the airway epithelial barrier,and the assessm.nt of epithelial barrier *** role of airway epithelial barrier disruption in the pathogenesis of asthm. will be *** addition,the possible m.chanism. underlying the airway epithelial barrier dysfunction induced by allergens and environm.ntal pollutants,and current treatm.nts to restore the airway epithelial barrier are reviewed.

关键词： Airway epithelial barrier Type 2 inflam.ation Asthm. Allergen Environm.ntal pollutants

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geochem.stry of island arc assem.lage in the Eastern Desert of Egypt and the role of Pan-African m.gm.tism.in crustal growth of the Arabian–Nubian Shield:A review

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Acta geochim.ca 2024年第3期43卷 588-622页

作者： Abdel-Aal m.bdel-Karim.m.ham.d m.am.y Adel A.Surour geology Departm.nt Faculty of ScienceZagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Egypt geology Departm.nt Faculty of ScienceTanta UniversityTanta 31527Egypt Departm.nt of geological Sciences Faculty of ScienceNew Galala City 43511Egypt geology Departm.nt Faculty of ScienceCairo UniversityGiza 12613Egypt

Neoproterozoic island arc assem.lage of the Arabian–Nubian Shield(ANS)in the Eastern Desert(ED)of Egypt com.rises juvenile suites of m.tavolcanics(m.),large am.unts of m.ta-sedim.ntary rocks(m.),and volum.nous m.tagabbros-diorites(m.D)and syn-tectonic intrusions of older granitoids(og).We report here the updates of these four rock units in term. of classification,distribution,chem.cal characteristics,geodynam.c evolution,m.tam.rphism.and *** addition,we discuss these integrated data to elucidate a reasonable and reliable m.del for crustal evolution in the *** m.in features of these rock units indicate their relation to each other and the geodynam.c environm.nt dom.nated by early im.ature oceanic island arcs to prim.tive continental *** inform.tion of the island arc m.tavolcanic and plutonic rocks(gabbros,diorites,tonalites,and granodiorites)furnish evidence of the genetic *** include proxim.ty and a coeval nature in the field;all protolith m.gm.s are subalkaline in nature following calc-alkaline series with m.nor tholeiitic affinities;com.on geochem.cal signature of the arc rocks and subduction-related m.gm.tism.their sim.lar enrichm.nt in LREEs;and sim.lar m.jor elem.nt com.ositions with m.fic m.lts derived from.m.tasom.tized m.ntle *** volcano-sedim.ntary and the og rocks underwent m.ltiphase deform.tion events whereas the m.D com.lexes deform.d *** on the m.gm.tic,sedim.ntological,and m.tam.rphic evolutions constrained by geochronological data as well as the progressive evolutionary trend from.extensional to com.ressional regim.s,a possible gradual decrease in the subducted slab dip angle is the m.st infl uential in any geodynam.c m.del for arc assem.lage in the ED of Egypt.

关键词： Island arc assem.lage m.gm.tism Crustal growth Neoproterozoic Arabian–Nubian Shield Eastern Desert Egypt

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One Dim.nsional Evolution m.deling of Source Rocks in the Chaluhe Basin, Yitong graben

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International Journal of geosciences 2016年第8期7卷 1029-1048页

作者： obed Kweku Agbadze Jiaren Ye Qiang Cao Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum.Resources China University of Geosciences MOE Wuhan China

Chaluhe Basin is in Jilin Province of China with a cum.lative sedim.ntary rock thickness of about 6000 m.ters and has four subdivisions: Wanchang Structural High, Bo-Tai Sag, Xinanpu Sag, Liangjia Structure High and the gudian Slope. The basin with its better source rock distribution and m.re favorable m.turation indicators than the adjacent m.liqing and Luxiang Basins is expected to be a potential hydrocarbon-producing basin. Four (4) wells were used in determ.ning the m.turation hydrocarbon generating potential of the m.dstone beds present in the Eocene Form.tions (Shuangyang, Sheling and Yongji). Obtained result revealed heat flow average of 71.8 m./m.sup>2, oil generation between 3.15 m./g TOC and 39.49 m./g TOC with gas generation of 6.98 m./g TOC to 92.83 m./g TOC. In conclusion the Eocene Shuangyang m.dstone is the m.in petroleum.source rock.

关键词： Petrophysics Petrochem.cals Hydrocarbons Eocene m.dstone Chaluhe Basin Yitong graben

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