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Algorithm for repairing the damaged images of grain structures obtained from the cellular automata and measurement of grain size

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2012年第10期19卷 899-907页

作者： A.ramírez-López M.A.Romero-Romo D.Muñoz-Negron S.López-ramírez R.Escarela-Pérez C.Duran-Valencia Department of Materials and Energy Metropolitan Autonomous UniversityMexico City 02200Mexico Department of Industrial Engineering Technological Autonomous Institute of MexicoMexico City 01080Mexico Department of Molecular Engineering Mexican Institute of PetroleumMexico City 07730Mexico

Computational models are developed to create grain structures using mathematical algorithms based on the chaos theory such as cellular automaton, geometrical models, fractals, and stochastic methods. Because of the chaotic nature of grain structures, some of the most popular routines are based on the Monte Carlo method, statistical distributions, and random walk methods, which can be easily programmed and included in nested loops. Nevertheless, grain structures are not well defined as the results of computational errors and numerical incon- sistencies on mathematical methods. Due to the finite definition of numbers or the numerical restrictions during the simulation of solidifica- tion, damaged images appear on the screen. These images must be repaired to obtain a good measurement of grain geometrical properties. Some mathematical algorithms were developed to repair, measure, and characterize grain structures obtained from cellular automata in the present work. An appropriate measurement of grain size and the corrected identification of interfaces and length are very important topics in materials science because they are the representation and validation of mathematical models with real samples. As a result, the developed al- gorithms are tested and proved to be appropriate and efficient to eliminate the errors and characterize the grain structures.

关键词： grain size and shape image restoration mathematical algorithms cellular automata solidification

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Thrombin activation and liver inflammation in advanced hepatitis C virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第18期22卷 4427-4437页

作者： Emilio González-Reimers Geraldine Quintero-Platt Candelaria Martín-González Onán Pérez-Hernández Lucía Romero-Acevedo Francisco Santolaria-fernández Servicio de Medicina Interna Hospital Universitario de Canarias Universidad de La Laguna

Hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection is associated with increased thrombotic risk. Several mechanisms are involved including direct endothelial damage by the HCV virus, with activation of tissue factor, altered fibrinolysis and increased platelet aggregation and activation. In advanced stages, chronic HCV infection may evolve to liver cirrhosis, a condition in which alterations in the portal microcirculation may also ultimately lead to thrombin activation, platelet aggregation, and clot formation. Therefore in advanced HCV liver disease there is an increased prevalence of thrombotic phenomena in portal vein radicles. Increased thrombin formation may activate hepatic stellate cells and promote liver fibrosis. In addition, ischemic changes derived from vascular occlusion by microthrombi favor the so called parenchymal extinction, a process that promotes collapse of hepatocytes and the formation of gross fibrous tracts. These reasons may explain why advanced HCV infection may evolve more rapidly to end-stage liver disease than other forms of cirrhosis.

关键词： Coagulation Liver cirrhosis Hepatitis C virus Fibrogenesis Parenchymal extinction Portal thrombosis Protein C

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Symbionts in Mucuna pruriens stimulate plant performance through nitrogen fixation and improved phosphorus acquisition

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第2期14卷 310-322页

作者： Anathi Magadlela Nokhetho Makhaye María Pérez-fernández School of Life Sciences College of AgricultureEngineering and ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu-Natal(Westville Campus)Private Bag X54001Durban 4000South Africa Deparment of Physical Chemical and Natural SystemsUniversidad Pablo de OlavideCarretera de Utrera Km 141013 SevilleSpain

Aims South Africa is mainly dominated by savanna and grasslands ecosystems which have been previously reported to be acidic and nutrient deficient,specifically with regard to phosphorus(P)and nitrogen(N).Mucuna pruriens(L.)DC,commonly known as velvet bean,is an indigenous legume in most African countries and has been reported to withstand these adverse soil *** legume is used in many countries of the world for their medicinal value as well as for soil fertilization *** there are reports on *** growth and establishment in nutrient stressed ecosystems,no investigation has been conducted on *** symbiotic interactions,N source preference and associated growth carbon costs when subjected to P *** this study,we determined the impact of microbial symbionts on N nutrition and growth carbon costs of *** under P *** Microbe inoculation soils were collected from four geographical distinct KwaZulu-Natal ***,seeds were germinated in these natural soils and in early stages of nodule development,then seedlings were transferred in sterile quartz sand and supplied with Long Ashton nutrient media with varying P *** Findings The 16S RNA sequence results revealed that *** was nodulated by Burkholderia sp.,Paenibacillus *** Bacillus irrespective of P *** though P deficiency resulted in decreased overall biomass/growth,the root biomass,nodule number and carbon costs *** addition,low P supplied saplings showed the highest arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi percentage root *** ***,nitrogen derived from atmosphere had a positive correlation with P level and the saplings had a dual reliance on atmospheric derived N and soil derived N with increased reliance on soil N in low P supplied ***,*** exhibited different morphological and microbial symbiosis when subjected to P deficiency.

关键词： Mucuna pruriens P deficiency biological N fixation N source preference C costs

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Characterization of housing stock for energy retrofitting purposes in Spain

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Building Simulation 2023年第6期16卷 947-962页

作者： Juan M.González-Caballín Sánchez A.Meana-fernández J.C.Ríos-fernández A.J.Gutiérrez Trashorras Thermal Engines and Motors Area Department of EnergyUniversity of OviedoC/Wifredo Ricart s/nGijónAsturias33204Spain

Energy saving in existing buildings is of vital *** this work,the characterization of housing stock in Spain for energy retrofitting purposes has been *** regulations in force when the existing stock was constructed(1980–2007)were considered to model the envelope and thermal systems of single-family and block *** energy consumption and CO_(2) emissions were estimated for each type of dwelling and location,ranging from 44.2 to 130.6 kWh/(m^(2)·year)(13.6–32 kg CO_(2)/(m^(2)·year))for multi-family homes,and 85.5 to 213.5 kWh/(m^(2)·year)(17.1–45.2 kg CO_(2)/(m^(2)·year))for single-family homes.A global picture of the energy performance and emissions for 13 different climate zones was obtained with a total of 504 *** of the envelope allowed the reduction of consumption and emissions from 37.7%to 58%,depending on the climate *** consumption per square meter in block housing was lower than in single-family housing;nevertheless,single-family houses responded more effectively to energy improvement ***,non-renewable primary energy savings seem a better indicator of the improvement by retrofitting than the energy *** building models designed in this work may serve as a reference for subsequent research concerning energy retrofitting and energy savings of housing stock.

关键词： housing stock characterization building retrofitting representative building climate zone simulation model

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Bats and their vital ecosystem services:a global review

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第1期17卷 2-23页

作者： Leidy Azucena ramÍrez-FRÁNCEL Leidy Viviana GARCÍA-HERRERA Sergio LOSADA-PRADO Gladys REINOSO-FLÓrez Alfonso SÁNCHEZ-HERNÁndez Sergio ESTRADA-VILLEGAS Burton KLIM Giovany GUEVARA Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas&Grupo de Investigación en Zoología(GIZ) Facultad de CienciasUniversidad del TolimaIbaguéColombia Programa para la Conservación de los Murciélagos de Colombia BogotáD.C.Colombia Departamento de Biología&Grupo de Investigación en Zoología(GIZ) Facultad de CienciasUniversidad del TolimaIbaguéColombia Departamento de Matemáticas y Estadística Facultad de CienciasUniversidad del TolimaIbaguéColombia Yale School of the Environment Yale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute BalboaRepublic of Panama Department of Natural History Royal Ontario MuseumTorontoOntarioCanada

Bats play crucial ecosystem services as seed dispersers,pollinators,controllers of insects,and nutrient ***,there has not been a thorough global review evaluating these roles in bats across all biogeographical regions of the *** reviewed the literature published during the last two decades and identified 283 relevant studies:78 dealt with the control of potential insect pests by bats,80 related to the suppression of other arthropods,60 on the dispersal of native or endemic seeds,11 dealt with the dispersal of seeds of introduced plants,29 on the pollination of native or endemic plants,1 study on pollination of introduced plants,and 24 on the use of guano as *** literature search showed that queries combining the terms“seed dispersal,”“insectivorous bats,”“nectarivorous bats,”“use of guano,”and“ecosystem services”returned 577 studies,but half were experimental in *** found that the evaluation of ecosystem services by bats has been mostly conducted in the Neotropical and Palearctic *** detect differences across relevant studies,and to explain trends in the study of ecosystem services provided by bats,we performed generalized linear mixed models(GLMM)fitted with a Poisson distribution to analyze potential differences among sampling *** identified 409 bat species that provide ecosystem services,752 insect species consumed by bats and 549 plant species either dispersed or pollinated by *** review summarizes the importance of conserving bat populations and the ecological services they provide,which is especially important during the current pandemic.

关键词： chiroptera ecosystem services frugivory,guano,insectivory nectarivory pest control pollination seed dispersal

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Source of inorganic N affects the cost of growth in a legume tree species(Virgilia divaricata)from the Mediterrean-type Fynbos ecosystem

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第6期9卷 752-761页

作者： Anathi Magadlela María A.Pérez-fernández Aleysia Kleinert Léanne L.Dreyer Alex J.Valentine Botany and Zoology Department University of StellenboschPrivate Bag X1Matieland 7602South Africa Deparment of Physical Chemical and Natural SystemsUniversidad Pablo de OlavideCarretera de Utrera Km 141013 SevilleSpain

Aims In Mediterranean-type ecosystem,the Cape Fynbos,legumes may be able to switch between soil N and atmospheric N_(2) sources during growth to adjust the carbon costs of N *** study investigated the utilization of different inorganic N sources by Virgilia divaricata,a native legume from the Mediterranean-type ecosystem of the Cape Floristic *** Plants were cultivated in sterile quartz sand,supplied with 25%strength Long Ashton nutrient solution,modified to contain 500μM *** the phosphate level(500μM),plants were treated with 500μM NH_(4)NO_(3)(treatment named N),or grown in N-free nutrient solution and inoculated with effective Burkholderia sp.(Bact.)or treated with combined N sources(500μM NH_(4)NO_(3))and inoculated with effective Burkholderia sp.(N+Bact.).Important Findings The application of NH_(4)NO_(3) to the legumes resulted in a greater increase in plant dry *** construction costs were higher in plants that were supplied with mineral and symbiotic N *** photosynthetic rates per leaf area was maintained,irrespective of the N *** the plant roots were nodulated,the plant dependence on N_(2) fixation decreased with addition of *** and nodules of the plants solely reliant on N_(2) fixation showed an increase in glutamine *** results show that *** is highly adapted for growth at the forest *** and possibly anthropic soils by utilizing both atmospheric and soil N sources.

关键词： phosphate deficiency Virgilia divaricata N_(2)fixation mineral N C construction costs asparagine

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Anther and pollen development:A conserved developmental pathway

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第11期57卷 876-891页

作者： José fernndez Gmez Behzad Talle Zoe A Wilson School of Biosciences University of NottinghamSutton Bonington Campus

Pollen development is a critical step in plant development that is needed for successful breeding and seed formation. Manipulation of male fertility has proved a useful trait for hybrid breeding and increased crop yield. However, although there is a good understanding developing of the molecular mechanisms of anther and pollen anther development in model species, such as Arabidopsis and rice, little is known about the equivalent processes in important crops. Nevertheless the onset of increased genomic information and genetic tools is facilitating translation of information from the models to crops, such as barley and wheat; this will enable increased understanding and manipulation of these pathways for agricultural improvement.

关键词： Anther Arabdiopsis cereals comparative biology pollen

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Masting effect on alpha and beta avian diversity in fragmented forests of relict?endangered Mexican Beech(Fagus grandifolia ***)

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 576-590页

作者： Ernesto CRodríguez-ramírez Levinn Camacho-Islas Ana Paola Martínez-Falcón Isolda Luna-Vega Pilar Carbó-ramírez Laboratorio de Dendrocronología Universidad ContinentalHuancayoPerú Laboratorio de Biogeografía y Sistemática Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMexico Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Estado de HidalgoHidalgoMexico Independent Researcher OuluFinland

Background:Tropical montane cloud forests are one of the most important hotspots on Earth and show presence of relict-endemic and endangered species,representing about 14%of the total tropical forest *** seed production or masting in tropical montane cloud tree species is a widespread reproductive strategy of decidu-ous and evergreen broad-leaved tree associations to decrease costs of reproduction and ensure *** event maintains a high avian diversity,which can be modified by phenological process(seed production and non-seed production).Methods:The main aim of this study was to assess alpha and beta avian diversity and whether the composition of the trophic guild modifies among phenological processes and between two fragmented relict-endangered Mexican Beech(Fagus grandifolia ***)forests(Medio Monte and El Gosco)in the Mexican state of *** addi-tion,we evaluated beechnut ***:We recorded 36 bird species,11 of them included in some conservation risk status,and 5 endemic *** diversity values were dissimilar in avian richness(q=0)among phenological processes and between frag-mented beech *** communities among three phenological processes and between fragmented forests were structurally similar,dominated during immature seeds the Brown-backed Solitaire(granivores-insectivores-frugivores);during mature seeds the White-crowned Parrot(Pionus senilis,granivores-frugivores);and the Dwarf Jay(Cyanolyca nana,insectivores)was abundant during low seed *** complementarity index was high among phenological processes and low between *** found a high bird turnover value between immature seeds—mature seeds and during mature seeds—low seed ***,a similar pattern was recorded between the two study *** production showed a high number of undamaged beechnuts in Medio Monte,while in El Gosco beechnuts were attacked by ***:Our results reflect that masting

关键词： Avian seed consumers Bird species Synchronous seed production Tropical montane cloud forest Turnover Zentrygon albifacies

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Non-linear modeling of kinetic and equilibrium data for the adsorption of hexavalent chromium by carbon nanomaterials:Dimension and functionalization

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第4期27卷 912-919页

作者： Miguel de la Luz-Asunción Eduardo E.Pérez-ramírez Ana L.Martínez-Hernández Victor M.Castano Víctor Sánchez-Mendieta Carlos Velasco-Santos Facultad de Quimica Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico Km. 12 de la carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco C.P. 50200 San Cayetano Toluca Estado de Mexico Mexico Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico-Instituto Tecnologico de Queretaro Division de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigacion Av. Tecnologico s/n esq. GraL Mariano Escobedo Col. Centro Historico C.P. 76000 Santiago de Queretaro Queretaro Mexico Centro de Fisica Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Boulevard Juriquilla 3001 Queretaro 76230 Mexico

The adsorption capacities for the removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions by six carbon nanomaterials have been evaluated. Single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as received and after oxidation treatment, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide are the materials with different dimension and functionalization compared in this research. Carbon nanotubes have been modified using hydrogen peroxide as oxidizing agent under microwave radiation. The oxidation treatment on carbon nanotubes has a positive effect increasing the adsorbent–adsorbate interaction. Rate-controlling mechanisms and equilibrium data are analyzed using non-linear models. Non-linear method is proposed as the most suitable method for determining the kinetic and equilibrium parameters. The values of adsorption energy(E) obtained from the Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm,have been found around 0.371 and 0.870 k J·mol-1, indicating physical adsorption. Therefore, the pseudo-second order model represents better the kinetic experimental data. The results show that the Langmuir isotherm provides a slightly better fit to the experimental data compared with the Freundlich isotherm, indicating homogeneous distribution of active sites on carbon nanomaterials and monolayer adsorption. The separation factors RLare found in the range of 0–1, suggesting that the adsorption process is suitable for all adsorbents. The mechanisms for hexavalent chromium removal have been proposed as electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes Graphene Adsorption Hexavalent chromium Kinetic

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Parameter Control of Genetic Algorithms by Learning and Simulation of Bayesian Networks——A Case Study for the Optimal Ordering of Tables

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2013年第4期28卷 720-731页

作者： Concha Bielza Juan A. fernndez del Pozo Pedro Larranaga Computational Intelligence Group Department of Artificial IntelligenceTechnical University of Madrid

Parameter setting for evolutionary algorithms is still an important issue in evolutionary computation. There are two main approaches to parameter setting： parameter tuning and parameter control. In this paper, we introduce self-adaptive parameter control of a genetic algorithm based on Bayesian network learning and simulation. The nodes of this Bayesian network are genetic algorithm parameters to be controlled. Its structure captures probabilistie conditional （in）dependence relationships between the parameters. They are learned from the best individuals, i.e., the best configurations of the genetic algorithm. Individuals are evaluated by running the genetic algorithm for the respective parameter configuration. Since all these runs are time-consuming tasks, each genetic algorithm uses a small-sized population and is stopped before convergence. In this way promising individuals should not be lost. Experiments with an optimal search problem for simultaneous row and column orderings yield the same optima as state-of-the-art methods but with a sharp reduction in computational time. Moreover, our approach can cope with as yet unsolved high-dimensional problems.

关键词： genetic algorithm estimation of distribution algorithm parameter control parameter setting Bayesian network

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