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Hepatitis E virus: Western Cape, South Africa

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第44期22卷 9853-9859页

作者： Richie G Madden Sebastian Wallace Mark Sonderup Stephen Korsman Tawanda Chivese Bronwyn Gavine Aniefiok Edem Roxy Govender Nathan English Christy Kaiyamo odelia lutchman Annemiek A van der Eijk Suzan D Pas Glynn W Webb Joanne Palmer Elizabeth Goddard Sean Wasserman Harry R Dalton C Wendy Spearman Royal Cornwall Hospital Trust and European Centre for Environment and Human Health University of Exeter Division of Hepatology Department of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital National Health Laboratory Service Groote Schuur Hospital Cape Town and Division of Medical Virology University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Viroscience Erasmus Medical Centre Medical Center Rotterdam Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town and Red Cross Children’s Hospital Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine Department of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital

AIM To conduct a prospective assessment of anti-hepatitis E virus(HEV) Ig G seroprevalence in the Western Cape Province of South Africa in conjunction with evaluating risk factors for exposure.METHODS Consenting participants attending clinics and wards of Groote Schuur, Red Cross Children's Hospital and their affiliated teaching hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa, were sampled. Healthy adults attending blood donor clinics were also recruited. Patients with known liver disease were excluded and all major ethnic/race groups were included to broadly represent local demographics. Relevant demographic data was captured at the time of sampling using an interviewer-administered confidential questionnaire. Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) status was self-disclosed. HEV Ig G testing was performed using the Wantai? assay.RESULTS HEV is endemic in the region with a seroprevalence of 27.9%(n = 324/1161) 95%CI: 25.3%-30.5%(21.9% when age-adjusted) with no significant differences between ethnic groups or HIV status. Seroprevalence in children is low but rapidly increases in early adulthood. With univariate analysis, age ≥ 30 years old, pork and bacon/ham consumption suggested risk. In the multivariate analysis, the highest risk factor for HEV Ig G seropositivity(OR = 7.679, 95%CI: 5.38-10.96, P < 0.001) was being 30 years or older followed by pork consumption(OR = 2.052, 95%CI: 1.39-3.03, P < 0.001). A recent clinical case demonstrates that HEV genotype 3 may be currently circulating in the Western Cape.CONCLUSION Hepatitis E seroprevalence was considerably higher than previously thought suggesting that hepatitis E warrants consideration in any patient presenting with an unexplained hepatitis in the Western Cape, irrespective of travel history, age or ethnicity.

关键词： Hepatitis E Seroprevalence South Africa Pork consumption Genotype

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Associations between social support and anxiety during the COVID-19 lockdown in young and middle-aged Israelis:A cross-sectional study

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第9期12卷 1194-1203页

作者： Yang Xi odelia Elkana Wo-Er Jiao Di Li Ze-Zhang Tao Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060Hubei ProvinceChina Academic College of Tel Aviv-Yafo Jaffa 61083Israel Department of Clinical Laboratory Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060Hubei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND This study examined the associations between social support and anxiety during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in an Israeli sample.AIM To examine the associations between social support and anxiety during the COVID-19 in an Israeli sample.METHODS Data for this cross-sectional study were retrieved from an online survey.Linear regression,logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were conducted to test for associations between social support and anxiety.RESULTS A total of 655 individuals took part in the present study.In the univariate linear regression model,there is a negative correlation between the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 score(GAD-7)and the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale(MSPSS)score.For MSPSS score,the multivariable adjusted regression coefficient and 95%confidence interval(CI)of GAD-7 score were-0.779(-1.063 to-0.496).In the univariate logistic regression model,there was a negative correlation between anxiety(GAD-7≥9)and MSPSS score,and there was still a negative correlation in multivariate logical regression analysis.The odds ratios and 95%CI were 0.709(0.563-0.894).CONCLUSION Social support was inversely correlated with anxiety during COVID-19 in an Israeli sample.

关键词： Cross-sectional study Social support Anxiety COVID-19 Lockdown Correlation

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Effect of patient COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy on hospital care team perceptions

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第4期11卷 821-829页

作者： Inbar Caspi Ophir Freund Omer Pines odelia Elkana Jacob N Ablin Gil Bornstein Internal Medicine Department B Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6423906Israel Behavioral Sciences Department Academic College of Tel Aviv-YaffoTel Aviv 6818211Israel Internal Medicine Department H Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv 6423906Israel

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic posed new challenges in patient care worldwide.Vaccinations,which have proven efficacious in lowering the COVID-19 hospital burden,are still avoided by large populations.We,therefore,hypothesized that hospital care teams would have worse perceptions regarding the characteristics and care of patients with vaccine hesitancy.AIM To evaluate whether patient vaccine hesitancy affected the hospital care team(HCT)perceptions.METHODS We performed a prospective clinical study using structured questionnaires.We approached physicians and nurses with previous experience caring for COVID-19patients from 11 medical centers across Israel during the fourth COVID-19 surge(September and October 2021).The participants completed a questionnaire with the following parts:(1)Sociodemographic characteristics;(2)Assessment of anger(STAXI instrument)and chronic workplace stress(Shirom-Melamed burnout measure);and(3)Three tools to assess the effect of patient vaccine hesitancy on the HCT perceptions(the difficult doctor-patient relation questionnaire,the medical staff perception of patient’s responsibility questionnaire and the characterological derogation questionnaire).Results were evaluated according to each part of the questionnaire and the questionnaire as a whole.Associations between HCT perceptions and their baseline characteristics,anger or chronic workplace stress were assessed.RESULTS The HCT experienced their relationship with unvaccinated patients as more difficult(P<0.001,Cohen’s d=0.85),perceived unvaccinated patients as responsible for their medical condition(P<0.001,d=1.39)and perceived vaccinated patients as having a higher character value(P<0.001,d=1.03).Unvaccinated patients were considered selfish(P<0.001),less mature(P<0.001)and less satisfying to care for(P<0.001).The relationship with unvaccinated patients was more difficult among HCT with higher burnout(r=0.37,n=66,P=0.002).No correlations with baseline characteristics were found.All three study tools showed

关键词： COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy Patient care Doctor-patient relationship Attitudes

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Vaccination Coverage and the Risk of Hepatitis B Virus Infection amongst Medical and Paramedical Students Practicing at the Bamenda Regional Hospital in Cameroon Sub-Saharan Africa

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2021年第5期12卷 211-223页

作者： Milca A. Asanghanwa Menji B. Nyuykighan odelia Kwende-Tanjong Esther Agbor Department of Medical Laboratory Science Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon Department of Nursing Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon

Introduction: The endemic nature of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Sub-Saharan Africa is a significant public health problem that places health care providers (medical students inclusive) at increased risk of occupational exposure. However, vaccination against HBV is not systematic among medical students in Cameroon. Thus, we sought to evaluate awareness and HBV vaccine coverage amongst medical students in Cameroon. Aim: The present study was aimed at determining the proportion of Medical and Paramedical students on internship at the Bamenda Regional Hospital (BRH) who are vaccinated and immune to hepatitis B virus (HBV). Methods: This was a hospital-based cross sectional study carried out at the BRH in Cameroon. Questionnaires were administered to 120 participants who signed an informed consent form and venous blood samples collected in dry tubes for the HBV-5 PANEL test. Data were collected within a period of two weeks. HBV vaccine status was defined as complete (3 doses), partial (1 or 2 doses), and unvaccinated. Results: Of 120 participants (87 females and 33 males), 56 (46.7%) were vaccinated at least once against HBV;15 (12.5%) were partially vaccinated and 41 (34.2%) completely vaccinated. Out of the 56 vaccinated individuals, only 13 (23.2%) were confirmed immunized against HBV by testing positive for hepatitis B surface antibodies. Only 3 (5.4%) students had done post-vaccination serologic test to confirm their immunized status. There was high exposure to potentially infected body fluids like blood (97.5%) and urine (87.5%). There was equally poor practice of adequate preventive measures like regular hand washing and the proper use of personal protective equipment. A prevalence of 3.1% of HBV amongst the unvaccinated group was recorded. Conclusion: Only 1 in 3 medical students had completed the HBV vaccination series and only 26.8% of this cohort was confirmed immunized against HBV. This highlights the need for improved heal

关键词： Hepatitis B Virus Hepatitis B Surface Antibodies Immunization Medical and Paramedical Students

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和谐性爱，同步为先

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知识经济 2006年第12期 55-55页

作者： Afi-odelia E.Scruggs 涂璞

有多少个夜晚，你“性致”勃勃地躺在床上，而你身旁的伴侣却已沉睡？或者，你是那种可以每周只过一两次性生活的人，而你的伴侣却对此乐此不疲？

关键词：性爱和谐同步性生活伴侣

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