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Effect of double-balloon enteroscopy on pancreas:An experimental porcine model

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第37期18卷 5181-5187页

作者： Rafael latorre Federico Soria octavio lópez-albors Ricardo Sarriá Francisco Sánchez-Margallo Pilar Esteban Fernando Carballo Enrique Pérez-Cuadrado Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology University of MurciaCampus de Espinardo Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Center 10071 CáceresSpain Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Center Digestive Service Morales Meseguer Hospital Digestive Service Virgen de la Arrixaca Hospital

AIM:To evaluate the effect of double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) on pancreas histology and levels of pancreatic enzymes. METHODS:Conventional upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed on five control pigs. Oral DBE was performed with an EN-450T5 enteroscope on 20 pigs. Two experimental groups (10 pigs each) were defined according to DBE duration:90 min for Group 1 and 140 min for Group 2. During oral insertion, the balloons were not inflated in the descending part of the duode-num to avoid the minor duodenal papilla. Serum amylase, lipase and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were monitored before the procedure and repeated every 30 min until the exploration was finished, as well as 24 h and 7 d after. After the procedure and for a total of 7 d, the pigs were observed twice a day for signs of decreased activity, irritability, vomiting or anorexia. Gross and microscopic examination of the pancreas was performed on day 7. RESUlTS:All animals tolerated DBE without clinical manifestations of acute pancreatitis. Experimental groups had higher levels of enzymes than the control group at 24 h. Throughout the exploration, the amylase levels increased significantly above the baseline 24 h after DBE, although the increase was not statistically significant and did not reach 20% of the baseline. An increase in lipase and CRP was observed at 24 h after the procedure, although by day 7, all enzymatic levels had returned to baseline. No differences between Groups 1 and 2 were found for any enzyme and sampling site during and after the procedure. Similarly, no correlation between insertion depth and enzyme levels was observed. Direct in situ and post-removal inspection of the pancreas did not show any evidence of fluid collection, abscesses or hemorrhage. Histological examination of the pancreas from Groups 1 and 2 revealed the existence of focal areas (0.14-0.26 mm 2 ) of ischemic necrosis in 47.4% of the animals. In the pigs with damaged pancreas, the left lobe (tail) was always affected. However, this only happened in 83.3%

关键词：急性胰腺炎实验猪双气囊小肠血清淀粉酶显微镜检查组织学检查模型

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Evidences supporting the vascular etiology of post-double balloon enteroscopy pancreatitis: Study in porcine model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第34期23卷 6201-6211页

作者： Rafael latorre octavio lópez-albors Federico Soria Esther Morcillo Pilar Esteban Enrique Pérez-Cuadrado-Robles Enrique Pérez-Cuadrado-Martínez Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology University of Murcia Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre Jesús Usón Department of Gastroenterology Small Bowel UnitMorales Meseguer Hospital

Double balloon enteroscopy(DBE) is an endoscopic technique broadly used to diagnose and treat small bowel diseases. Among the associated complications of the oral DBE, post-procedure pancreatitis has taken the most attention due to its gravity and the thought that it might be associated to the technique itself and anatomical features of the pancreas. However, as the etiology has not been clarified yet, this paper aims to review the published literature and adds new results from a porcine animal model. Biochemical markers, histological sections and the vascular perfusion of the pancreas were monitored in the pig during DBE practice. A reduced perfusion of the pancreas and bowel, the presence of defined hypoxic areas and disseminated necrotic zones were found in the pancreatic tissue of pigs. All these evidences contribute to support a vascular distress as the most likely etiology of the post-DBE pancreatitis.

关键词：加倍汽球 enteroscopy 胰动物模型胰腺炎猪

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Effect of the manipulation of the duodenal papilla during double balloon enteroscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第17期22卷 4330-4337页

作者： Rafael latorre octavio lópez-albors Federico Soria Eugenia Candanosa Enrique Pérez-Cuadrado Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology Veterinary Faculty University of Murcia Campus Universitario de Espinardo 30100 Murcia Spain Minimally Invasive Surgery Center Jesus Uson 10071 Caceres Spain Unit of Digestive Diseases Morales Meseguer University Hospital 30008 Murcia Spain

AIM: To determine the hypothesis that inflating the balloons in the duodenal papilla determines changes in the biochemical markers of pancreatitis.METHODS: Four groups of pigs were used: Group papilla(GP), the overtube's balloon was inflated in the area of the papilla; GP + double balloon enteroscopy(GP + DBE), the overtube's balloon was kept inflated in the area of the papilla for 20 min before a DBE; Group DBE(GDBE), DBE was carried out after insuring the balloon's inflation far from the pancreatic papilla; and Group control(GC). Serum concentrations of amylase, lipase and C-reactive protein(CRP) were evaluated. Pancreases were processed for histopathology examination.RESUlTS: Main changes occurred 24 h after the procedure compared with baseline levels. Amylase levels increased significantly in GP(59.2% higher) and were moderately higher in groups GP + DBE and GDBE(22.7% and 20%, respectively). lipase increased in GP and GP + DBE, whereas it hardly changed in GDBE and in GC. CRP increased significantly in GP, GP + DBE and GDBE, while no changes were reported for GC. No statistically significant difference between groups GP and GP + DBE was found for the histopathological findings, except for vacuolization and necrosis of the pancreatic parenchyma that was higher in GP than in GP + DBE.CONClUSION: The manipulation of the duodenal papilla by the inflated overtube's balloon during DBE causes pancreatic structural damage and increased biochemical markers associated with pancreatitis.

关键词： Duodenal papilla Double balloon enteroscopy Pancreas Animal model Pancreatitis

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Metastatic pancreatic and lung cancer patient in complete remission following immunotherapy: A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 2233-2240页

作者： Joaquina Martínez-Galán Cristina Jiménez-luna Isabel Rodriguez Elisabeth Maza Carlos García-Collado Antonio Rodríguez-Fernández Javier luis lópez-Hidalgo octavio Caba Department of Medical Oncology Virgen de las Nieves University HospitalGranada 18014Spain Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GranadaGranada 18012Spain Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine(IBIMER) University of GranadaGranada 18016Spain Pharmacogenetics Unit Virgen de las Nieves University HospitalGranada 18014Spain Department of Medicina Nuclear Virgen de las Nieves University HospitalGranada 18014Spain Department of Anatomía Patológica Virgen de las Nieves University HospitalGranada 18014Spain

BACKGROUND Metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a lethal malignancy with dispiriting survival data.Immunotherapy is a promising approach to many cancer types,but achieves poor outcomes in advanced PDAC due to its immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.We describe a case of metastatic PDAC effectively treated with pembrolizumab.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 67-year-old woman with unresectable locally advanced PDAC,treated with gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel followed by radiotherapy plus capecitabine.At nine months,pancreatic tumor progression was observed at the level of the hepatic hilum with the appearance of a new pulmonary nodule suggestive of a second primary,confirmed by left lung biopsy.Systemic immunotherapy was then initiated with pembrolizumab,an immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting programmed cell death protein-1 that covers the two tumor types.The patient showed a complete metabolic response that was maintained throughout the treatment.The patient continues to be disease-free at 5.6 years since the start of immunotherapy.CONClUSION These results suggest that the administration of pembrolizumab after chemoradiotherapy has a beneficial effect in patients with metastatic PDAC.To our knowledge,this is the first reported case of a patient with metastatic PDAC and metastatic lung cancer showing such a long-lasting complete response after pembrolizumab treatment without curative surgery.Further studies are required to determine biomarkers that identify PDAC patients most likely to benefit from this immunotherapy.

关键词： Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma lung cancer Immunotherapy Pembrolizumab Programmed cell death protein-1 Case report

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Metal-modulated epitaxy of Mg-doped Al_(0.80)In_(0.20)N-based layer for application as the electron blocking layer in deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第5期45卷 80-89页

作者： Horacio Irán Solís-Cisneros Carlos Alberto Hernández-Gutiérrez Enrique Campos-González Máximo lópez-lópez Optomechatronics Group Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus Tuxtla Gutiérrezcarretera Panamericana 1080C.P.29050Tuxtla GutiérrezChiapasMéxico Departamento de Física Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones NuclearesCarretera México-Toluca s/nC.P.52750La Marquesa OcoyoacacMéxico Departamento de Física Centro de Investigación y estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico NacionalAv.Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508San Pedro ZacatencoGustavo A.Madero07360 Ciudad de MéxicoCDMXMéxico

This work reports the growth and characterization of p-AlInN layers doped with Mg by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy(PAMBE).AlInN was grown with an Al molar fraction of 0.80 by metal-modulated epitaxy(MME)with a thickness of 180 nm on Si(111)substrates using AlN as buffer layers.low substrate temperatures were used to enhance the incorporation of indium atoms into the alloy without clustering,as confirmed by X-ray diffraction(XRD).Cathodoluminescence measurements revealed ultraviolet(UV)range emissions.Meanwhile,Hall effect measurements indicated a maximum hole mobility of 146 cm^(2)/(V∙s),corresponding to a free hole concentration of 1.23×10^(19)cm^(−3).The samples were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)estimating the alloy composition and extracting the Fermi level by valence band analysis.Mg-doped AlInN layers were studied for use as the electron-blocking layer(EBl)in lED structures.We varied the Al composition in the EBl from 0.84 to 0.96 molar fraction to assess its theoretical effects on electroluminescence,carrier concentration,and electric field,using SIlVACO Atlas.The results from this study highlight the importance and capability of producing high-quality Mg-doped p-AlInN layers through PAMBE.Our simulations suggest that an Al content of 0.86 is optimal for achieving desired outcomes in electroluminescence,carrier concentration,and electric field.

关键词： metal-modulated epitaxy AlInN DUV-lED EBl simulation

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Oligodendroctyes:the forgotten players of diabetes pathophysiology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2349-2350页

作者： Juan Antonio lópez-Villodres Beatriz García-Díaz Departamento Fisiología Humana Histología HumanaAnatomía Patológica y Educación Física y DeportivaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MálagaMálagaSpain UGC Neurociencia.Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina(IBIMA Plataforma Bionand) MálagaSpain

Oligodendrocytes(Ols),glial cells that provide myelin sheaths to axons in the central nervous system(CNS),have a dual role.First,this myelin fatty cover around the axons protects the nerves and is crucial for the saltatory propagation of action potentials.Second and not less important,Ols provide trophic support to neurons and axons.Thus,Ol metabolism is important for Ol well-being and the proper accomplishment of their functions,and Ol metabolism energetics directly affect the energy metabolism of neighboring neurons.

关键词： metabolism nerves myelin

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Experimental implementation of phase triplicator gratings in a spatial light modulator

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Chinese Optics letters 2024年第2期22卷 64-69页

作者：高尚 María del Mar Sánchez-lópez Ignacio Moreno Instituto de Bioingeniería Universidad Miguel HernándezElche 03202Spain Departamento de Física Aplicada Universidad Miguel HernándezElche 03202Spain Departamento de Ciencia de Materiales Óptica y Tec.Electr´onicaUniversidad Miguel HernándezElche 03202Spain

In this work,we compare different methods for implementing a triplicator,a phase grating that generates three equiintense diffraction orders.The design with optimal efficiency features a continuous phase profile,which cannot be easily reproduced,and is typically affected by quantization.We compare its performance with binary and sinusoidal phase profiles.We also analyze the effect of quantizing the phase levels.Finally,a random approach is adopted to eliminate the additional harmonic orders.In all cases,a liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulator is employed to experimentally verify and compare the different approaches.

关键词： diffraction gratings phase modulation triplicator spatial light modulators

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Experimental and numerical investigation to elucidate the fluid flow through packed beds with structured particle packings

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 218-237页

作者： Shirin Patil Christian Gorges Joel lòpez Bonilla Moritz Stelter Frank Beyrau Berend van Wachem laboratory of Technical Thermodynamics Otto-von-Guericke-Universität MagdeburgUniversitätsplatz 239106 MagdeburgGermany Chair of Mechanical Process Engineering Otto-von-Guericke-Universität MagdeburgUniversitätsplatz 239106 MagdeburgGermany

The present paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation of the dispersion of the gaseous jet flow and co-flow for the simple unit cell(SUC)and body-centred cubic(BCC)configuration of particles in packed beds.The experimental setup is built in such a way that suitable and simplified boundary conditions are imposed for the corresponding numerical framework,so the simulations can be done under very similar conditions as the experiments.Accordingly,a porous plate is used for the co-flow to achieve the uniform velocity and the fully developed flow is ensured for the jet flow.The SUC and BCC particle beds consist of 3D-printed spheres,and the non-isotropy near the walls is mostly eliminated by placing half-spheres at the channel walls.The flow velocities are analysed directly at the exit of the particle bed for both beds over 36 pores for the SUC configuration and 60 pores for the BCC configuration,for particle Reynolds numbers of 200,300,and 400.Stereo particle image velocimetry is experimentally arranged in such a way that the velocities over the entire region at the exit of the packed bed are obtained instantaneously.The numerical method consists of a state-of-the-art immersed boundary method with adaptive mesh refinement.The paper presents the pore jet structure and velocity field exiting from each pore for the SUC and BCC packed particle beds.The numerical and experimental studies show a good agreement for the SUC configuration for all flow velocities.For the BCC configuration,some differences can be observed in the pore jet flow structure between the simulations and the experiments,but the general flow velocity distribution shows a good overall agreement.The axial velocity is generally higher for the pores located near the centre of the packed bed than for the pores near the wall.In addition,the axial velocities are observed to increase near the peripheral pores of the packed bed.This behaviour is predominant for the BCC configuration as compared to the SUC configuration.The velocities near the per

关键词： Uniform particle packing Packed bed reactor Stereo particle image velocimetry Immersed boundary method

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Digital Social Connectedness as a lifeline for Older People: Use and Non-use of VinclesBCN During the Pandemic

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 251-264页

作者： Israel Rodríguez-Giralt Daniel lópez-Gómez Roser Beneito-Montagut CareNet IN3 Universitat Oberta de Catalunya School of Social Sciences Cardiff University

This article presents the results of a study that evaluated VinclesBCN during COVID-19. This digital-based public social service aims to prevent loneliness and isolation in +65-year-old adults living in Barcelona. Through service user(N = 12) and professional(N = 6) interviews and a questionnaire with service users(N = 255), we demonstrate the pivotal role of digital connectedness in transforming VinclesBCN into a lifeline during the pandemic. The analysis revealed the importance of sociability, social support, and, especially, entertainment in coping with pandemic fatigue and facilitating social connectivity and support among users. Users engaged in activities such as sharing images, songs, memes, and daily greetings to provide proximity, sociability, and care among users, whether they belonged to preexisting groups or were newly introduced to the platform. It also facilitated the identification of individuals who needed companionship, comfort, or more specialized support. The findings emphasize the significance of entertainment as a resilience-building strategy during times of uncertainty. Despite the positive impact, not all users equally used the platform. Non-use was strongly associated with being a woman, having a low educational level, having preexisting social relationships, less time of enrolment in the platform, as well as a high perception of loneliness, poor self-reported health, and low mood. The article underscores the need for further research into older adults' digital engagement during crises, its role in building resilience, and advocating for inclusive digital interventions that take into account diverse older adults' needs and experiences in crisis contexts.

关键词： Barcelona COVID-19 pandemic Digital social connectedness Entertainment Older adult resilience Public digital service

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Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease:an urgent research venue to follow

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2569-2570页

作者： Raquel Jiménez-Herrera Ana Contreras Juan D.Navarro-lópez lydia Jiménez-Díaz Neurophysiology&Behavior lab University of Castilla-La ManchaSchool of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

Due to increasing life expectancy,the amount of people with dementia worldwide is expected to experience a substantial rise,with estimates indicating a growth from 55 million in 2019 to a staggering 139 million by the year 2050.Among the various forms of dementia.Alzheimer's disease(AD)stands out as the predominant and most prevalent.

关键词： Alzheimer predominant estimates

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