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胆固醇摄取和血清胆固醇水平

国外医学（卫生学分册） 1992年第3期19卷 166-167页

作者： Gotto am 刘志平

自本世纪初Anichkov的家兔胆固醇饲喂实验以来,膳食和血清胆固醇水平之间的关系一直为科学界所注意。最近,McNamara总结了过去30年发表的68份临床研究资料,发现结果相当一致:膳食胆固醇每增加100mg,血清胆固醇平均每分升增加2.3mg。这与... 详细信息

自本世纪初Anichkov的家兔胆固醇饲喂实验以来,膳食和血清胆固醇水平之间的关系一直为科学界所注意。最近,McNamara总结了过去30年发表的68份临床研究资料,发现结果相当一致:膳食胆固醇每增加100mg,血清胆固醇平均每分升增加2.3mg。这与Hegsted和Keys公式计算的每分升增加9.6和6.8mg相差甚大。Connor等的研究发现每日膳食胆固醇摄入增至400～500mg时,血清胆固醇随之增高;摄入量再增加,血清胆固醇增高甚微。这些结果表明,随着膳食胆固醇量增加,胆固醇吸收率降低,个体差异是影响胆固醇吸收率的一个重要调节因素。

关键词：胆固醇血清膳食

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心力衰竭在2001年:预言

国外医学（心血管疾病分册） 1993年第6期20卷 332-335页

作者： Katz am 倪廷枢

本文从三个范例即器官、细胞和基因方面,对心力衰竭的治疗在2001年做了预言。

关键词：心力衰竭发展趋势

The Yellow Spot Pattern of Salamander (Salamandra infraimmaculata) in Various Habitats at the Southern Border of Its Distribution in Israel

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2023年第1期13卷 114-125页

作者： Gad Degani Gad Ish am amit Biran Ish am Neria Yatom amir Marshansky Sivan Margalit Eitan Nissim Hava Goldstein Niva Shaked MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute Kiryat Shmona Israel Faculty of Science and Technology Tel-Hai Academic College Kiryat Shmona Israel Kibbutz Sasa Upper Galilee Israel Kibbutz Yehiam Galil Maaravi Israel Israel Nature and Parks Authority Jerusalem Israel

The present study describes the different color-pattern phenotypes of yellow spots on the black back of Salamandra infraimmaculata in various habitats at the southern border of its distribution in Israel. At Tel Dan, we photographed 454 salamanders in moist habitats where water flows year round;100 of these were sampled to measure the percentage of yellow and black color on the back, and the number of spots on the head. At Kibbutz Sasa, 201 salamanders were photographed, of which 62 were sampled for the measurements. In Kibbutz Yehiam, 200 salamanders were photographed, and 60 were sampled for the measurements. At all sites, about a third of the salamanders were photographed more than once. For all three populations, yellow spots on the salamander back were found in one row, two rows or scattered. For two indices (proportion of yellow/black and number of spots on the head), the Dan population (under wet, running water all year round conditions) differed from the two other populations of salamanders (under semi-arid mountain conditions). The number of yellow spots on the head of the salamanders in the three populations varied from 1 to 7. In all populations, 4 spots pattern was the most common. In the Dan population, there were significantly more salamanders with 1 to 3 spots on their head than in the Sasa or Yehiam populations. No difference was found in the number of head spots for Sasa vs. Yehiam salamanders. The percentage of yellow on the black back was significantly larger for the Dan salamanders vs. the two other populations. The main question examined was whether there is an effect of the habitat conditions in isolated populations on the spot pattern on the salamander back. The answer is positive and is supported by previous studies.

关键词： Salamandra infraimmaculata Color-Pattern Habitats Spots Yellow

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选择红细胞输血的实施对策与临床指南

国外医学（输血及血液学分册） 1993年第2期16卷 104-106页

作者： Audet am 袁志敏

为了避免滥用输血,急需对选择性输血原则进行评价,以便拟定出新的总则,已成为迄今紧迫的临床课题之一。对此全美内科医学院新近推荐:就贫血患者是否考虑输血,应遵循下述原则进行筛选。一、处理总则1.明确贫血的性质:由于急、慢性贫血处... 详细信息

为了避免滥用输血,急需对选择性输血原则进行评价,以便拟定出新的总则,已成为迄今紧迫的临床课题之一。对此全美内科医学院新近推荐:就贫血患者是否考虑输血,应遵循下述原则进行筛选。一、处理总则1.明确贫血的性质:由于急、慢性贫血处治各异,故理应鉴别何为暂时贫血(如急性失血所致),何为持续贫血(如慢性肾衰所致)。2.分析输血后何种症状可被缓解,何种替代疗法有益,这对采用新型手段治疗更为重要(如使用红细胞生成素治疗等)。3.

关键词：输血红细胞

Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 in irritable bowel syndrome: An individual subject meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第2期23卷 336-344页

作者： amélie Cayzeele-Decherf Fanny Pélerin Sébastien Leuillet Benoit Douillard Béatrice Housez Murielle Cazaubiel Gunnard K Jacobson Peter Jüsten Pierre Desreumaux Lesaffre Human Care Lesaffre Group Biofortis-Mérieux NutriS ciences Lesaffre Yeast Corporation Lesaffre Group CHU Lille Department of GastroenterologyClaude Huriez Hospital Lille University North of France INSERM U995

AIMTo confirm previous conclusions on Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) CNCM I-3856 for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) *** individual patient data meta-analysis was performed on two randomized clinical trials studying the effect of S. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 supplementation on gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in IBS subjects. A total of 579 IBS subjects were included. Outcomes were the daily Likert scale scores of abdominal pain/discomfort and bloating [area under the curve (AUC) and weekly means], responder status, and bowel movements (stool frequency and consistency). Statistical analyses were conducted in Intent to Treat (ITT) population, IBS-C subjects and IBS-C subjects with an abdominal pain/discomfort score higher than or equal to 2 at baseline (“IBS-C ≥ 2 subpopulation”).RESULTSS. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 significantly improved abdominal pain/discomfort and bloating during the second month of supplementation [AUC (W5-W8)] with improvement up to the minimal clinically relevant threshold of 10%: a 12.3% reduction of abdominal pain/discomfort in the ITT population compared to the Placebo group (P = 0.0134) has been observed. In the IBS-C ≥ 2 subpopulation, there were a 13.1% reduction of abdominal pain/discomfort and a 14.9% reduction of bloating compared to the Placebo group (P = 0.0194 and P = 0.0145, respectively). GI symptoms significantly decreased during supplementation but no statistical differences were reported between groups at the end of the supplementation period. Responder status was defined as a subject who experienced a decrease of 1 arbitrary unit (a.u.) or 50% of the abdominal discomfort score from baseline for at least 2 wk out of the last 4 wk of the study. A significant difference between groups was reported in the ITT population, when considering the first definition: subjects in the Active group had 1.510 higher odds to be a responder (reduction of 1 a.u. of abdominal pain/discomfort) comp

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Saccharomyces cerevisiae Constipation Abdominal pain Probiotics

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妇女毛滴虫病的治疗性干预

生殖与避孕 2005年第2期25卷 111-115页

作者： Forna F Gülmezoglu am 富群华单位不详

1背景阴道毛滴虫病是最常见性传播疾病之一.据估计全世界每年约有1.2亿妇女患毛滴虫病(WHO1994).在发展中国家的某些社区中呈现为一种常见的感染性疾病,其感染的特征为:阴道黄绿色泡沫样分泌物,性交疼痛,外阴、阴道酸痛和瘙痒,排尿疼痛... 详细信息

1背景阴道毛滴虫病是最常见性传播疾病之一.据估计全世界每年约有1.2亿妇女患毛滴虫病(WHO1994).在发展中国家的某些社区中呈现为一种常见的感染性疾病,其感染的特征为:阴道黄绿色泡沫样分泌物,性交疼痛,外阴、阴道酸痛和瘙痒,排尿疼痛等.但许多患者可无症状,故临床诊断为非特异性的,必需经实验室确诊.通常可在阴道分泌物、腺体(前庭大腺和女尿道旁腺)、尿道中找到寄生虫.湿涂片法是廉价快速的诊断方法,但其敏感性取决于检测者的经验和阴道寄生虫的数量.也可采用标准培养、转运/培养试剂盒、酶免测定、核酸扩增和免疫荧光方法.

关键词：阴道毛滴虫病常见治疗性尿道妇女干预前庭核酸扩增腺体转运

Short- and long-term effects of silver nanoparticles on human microvascular endothelial cells

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World Journal of Biological Chemistry 2014年第4期5卷 457-464页

作者： Sara Castiglioni Clelia Caspani Alessandra Cazzaniga Jeanette am Maier Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche Luigi Sacco Università di Milano Milano 20157 Italy

AIM: To study the response to silver nanoparticles(Ag NP) of human microvascular endothelial cells, protagonists of angiogenesis. METHODS: We cultured human microvascular endothelial cells and endothelial colony-forming cells in their corresponding growth medium. Stock solutions of Ag NP were prepared in culture medium and sonicated before use. They were added at different concentrations and for different times to culture media. The toxicity of Ag NP was investigated by measuring the reduction of yellow tetrazolium salt to dark purple formazan(MTT assay) at 575 nm. After staining with trypan blue, cell proliferation was assessed by counting viable cells. The lactate dehydrogenase leakage assay was performed on culture media by following the oxidation of NADH to NAD+ and monitoring the reaction kinetically at 340 nm. Reactive oxygen species production was quantified using 2'-7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate. The alkaline comet assay was performed after mixing the cells with low melting-point agarose. Electrophoresis was then conducted and the samples were stained with ethidium bromide and analyzed with a fluorescence ***: Ag NP are cytotoxic in a dose and time dependent fashion for HMEC. At high concentrations, Ag NP determine loss of membrane integrity as demonstrated by the increased activity of lactate dehydrogenase in the culture medium. Ag NP rapidly stimulate the formation of free radicals. However, pre-incubation with Trolox, apocynin, or N-acetyl-L-cysteine, antioxidants which have different structure and act through different mechanisms, is not sufficient to prevent cytotoxicity. Ag NP also induce DNA damage dose-dependently, as shown by comet assay. When exposed to sublethal concentrations of Ag NP for long times, the cells remain viable but are growth retarded. Interestingly, removal of Ag NP partially rescues cell growth. Also genotoxicity is reversible upon removal of Ag NP from culture medium, suggesting that no permanent modifications oc

关键词： Endothelial cells Nanoparticles Genotoxicity Cytotoxicity Angiogenesis

Positive health:An integrated quantitative approach in patients with chronic gastrointestinal and hepato-pancreatico-biliary disorders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第28期30卷 3418-3427页

作者： Anja H W M Lemlijn-Slenter Karolina AP Wijnands Gijs van der Hamsvoort Luuk P van Iperen Nico Wolter Angelique E de Rijk Ad am Masclee Department of Social Medicine Faculty of HealthMedicine and Life sciencesCare and Public Health Research Institute Maastricht UniversityMaastricht 6200 MDLimburgNetherlands Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineSchool of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht 6200 MDLimburgNetherlands Social Medical Affairs Employee Insurance Agency(UWV)Heerlen 6400 ACLimburgNetherlands Department of Research Academic Knowledge Center Work and Health South-East Netherlands(AKAG-ZON)Heerlen 6400 ACLimburgNetherlands

BACKGROUND The concept of positive health(PH)supports an integrated approach for patients by taking into account six dimensions of *** approach is especially relevant for patients with chronic *** gastrointestinal and hepatopancreatico-biliary(GI-HPB)disorders are among the top-6 of the most prevalent chronically affected organ *** impact of chronic GI-HPB disorders on individuals may be disproportionally high because:(1)The affected organ system frequently contributes to a malnourished state;and(2)persons with chronic GIHPB disorders are often younger than persons with chronic diseases in other organ *** To describe and quantify the dimensions of PH in patients with chronic GI-HPB *** Prospective,observational questionnaire study performed between 2019 and 2021 in 235 patients with a chronic GIHPB disorder attending the Outpatient Department of the Maastricht University Medical *** questionnaires and data from patient files were used to quantify the six dimensions of *** consistency was tested with McDonald’s ***-order Pearson correlations and t-tests were used to assess associations and differences.A P valueame range as patients with chronic disorders in other organ systems,but depressive symptoms(in 35%)and malnutrition(in 45%)were more frequent in patients with chronic GI-HPB *** scores between the six dimensions were only very weak to weak,forcing us to quantify each domain *** All six dimensions of PH are impaired in the GI-HPB *** and depressive symptoms are more prevalent compared to patients with chronic disorders in other organ systems.

关键词： Positive health Chronic gut disorders Gastrointestinal disorders Hepato-pancreatico-biliary disorders Integrated care

A review of processing of Cu/C base plate composites for interfacial control and improved properties

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2020年第1期2卷 25-45页

作者： Jean-François Silvain Jean-Marc Heintz amélie Veillere Loic Constantin Yong Feng Lu Univ.Bordeaux CNRSBordeaux INPICMCBUMR 5026F-33600 PessacFrance Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE68588United States of America

The increase in both power and packing densities in power electronic devices has led to an increase in the market demand for effective heat-dissipating materials with a high thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient compatible with chip materials while still ensuring the reliability of the power *** matrix composites,especially copper matrix composites,containing carbon fibers,carbon nanofibers,or diamond are considered very promising as the next generation of thermalmanagement materials in power electronic *** composites exhibit enhanced thermal properties,as compared to pure copper,combined with lower *** paper presents powder metallurgy and hot uniaxial pressing fabrication techniques for copper/carbon composite materials which promise to be efficient heat-dissipation materials for power electronic *** analyses clearly indicate that interfacial treatments are required in these composites to achieve high thermal and thermomechanical *** of interfaces(through a novel reinforcement surface treatment,the addition of a carbide-forming element inside the copper powders,and processing methods),when selected carefully and processed properly,will form the right chemical/mechanical bonding between copper and carbon,enhancing all of the desired thermal and thermomechanical properties while minimizing the deleterious *** paper outlines a variety of methods and interfacial materials that achieve these goals.

关键词： metal matrix composite physical properties interface/interphase copper carbon reinforcement