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Analysis of the Solid Contents of Toothpastes Available in UAE (United Arab Emirates) Markets

Journal of Environmental Protection 2022年第7期13卷 539-556页

作者： Marim Elkashlan Vijo Poulose Rana Zeeshan Habib obaida karabala Afnan Aldhanhani Maryam Shakir Heba Shaath Tholkappiyan Ramachandran Abdel-Hamid Ismail Mourad Fathalla Hamed Ruwaya Al Kendi Thies Thiemann Department of Chemistry College of Science United Arab Emirates University Al Ain United Arab Emirates Department of Biology College of Science United Arab Emirates University Al Ain United Arab Emirates Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering College of Engineering United Arab Emirates University Al Ain United Arab Emirates Department of Physics College of Science United Arab Emirates University Al Ain United Arab Emirates

In order to find out whether any toothpastes commercially available in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) carry microplastic content in form of plastic microbeads, the filterable solid contents of 31 toothpastes from UAE markets and 2 toothpastes imported from Syria were analyzed. FT-IR studies of the solids revealed that the major solid components were hydrated silica and calcium carbonate, where the individual toothpaste product exhibited either one or the other as the dominant constituent. Titrimetric analysis of the alkalinity of the ash of the toothpastes was carried out. The solids, ashed at 600°C were subjected to FT-IR and EDS (energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic) analysis. The ash of some of the products was shown to have TiO2 and Ca3 (PO4)2 as minor components. Mostly organic dyes were used as colorants;however, iron oxide (Fe2O3) was also found. Importantly, none of the toothpastes carried any solid microplastic particles. Only 3 toothpastes carried microbeads at all, which were made of either silica or microcrystalline cellulose. This finding indicates that toothpastes, at least in the UAE, are no longer a significant source of microplastic in the environment. The results were compared to a toothpaste bought through the internet with a formulation from 2014, which exhibited polythene microplastic at 1.31 ± 0.39 w% of the filterable solid content.

关键词： Toothpastes Formulation Microplastic Plastic Pollution Colorants

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Comparison of perceived pain and patients’ satisfaction with traditional local anesthesia and single tooth anesthesia: A randomized clinical trial

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第19期7卷 2986-2994页

作者： Mohammad I Al-obaida Mehdiya Haider Rawan Hashim Wafa AlGheriri Sree Lalita Celur Samar A Al-Saleh Ebtissam M Al-Madi Department of Restorative Dental Sciences College of DentistryKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11527Saudi Arabia College of Dentistry Princess Nourah bint AbdulRahman UniversityRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Basic Dental Sciences College of DentistryPrincess Nourah bint AbdulRahman UniversityRiyadh13414Saudi Arabia Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences College of DentistryKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11527Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Contemporary innovations in the area of local anesthesia have attempted to provide an absolutely pain free experience for *** the introduction of Computer-Controlled Local Anesthetic Delivery Systems to dentistry,many studies have compared its efficacy and safety to conventional ***,very few studies have compared single tooth anesthesia(STA)and traditional local *** To compare pain rating,changes in blood pressure,and heart rate during the local anesthetic *** secondary objectives were to measure the patients’level of satisfaction and the differences in anesthetic efficiency between the STA system and traditional local *** A randomized controlled trial was conducted and a total of 80 patients with dental restorative needs were enrolled for the *** patients were evaluated for their general physical status and oral clinical findings before *** regarding perceived pain,changes in heart rate and blood pressure,and patients’satisfaction was collected using an electronic data form and was analyzed using paired and unpaired *** No significant difference was noted in perceived pain(P=0.59)and systolic blood pressure(P=0.09)during anesthetic injection using both traditional and STA *** patients had a significantly higher heart rate during anesthesia,although a statistically significant difference was noted among the traditional anesthesia and the STA groups even before *** the restorative procedure,less pain was perceived by STA patients on the Wong-Baker FACES pain scale,which was statistically significant(P<0.001).Analyses of post-procedure patient responses showed that STA patients had a significantly better treatment experience and preferred to have the same method of injection in the future(P=0.04).CONCLUSION STA system can provide less painful and more comfortable restorative treatment procedures in comparison to the traditional infil

关键词： Local anesthesia Single tooth anesthesia Pain experience Patient satisfaction Pulse rate Heart beat Wong-Baker FACES pain scale

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hepatitis B Virus in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia: Cross-Sectional Health Facility Based Study

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Health 2015年第4期7卷 459-465页

作者： Hussein Ageely Mohamed Salih Mahfouz Abdelrahim Gaffar Erwa Elmakki Ibrahim Elhassan Abu obaida Yasin Ibrahim Bani Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine Jazan University Jazan KSA Department of Family and Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine Jazan University Jazan KSA Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Jazan University Jazan KSA

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of the HBV infection in Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and to correlate serologic findings with epidemiological data and known risk factors. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in 10 health facilities Jazan province. Study participants (2041) were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. HBsAg was tested in the blood samples collected from the study participants using commercially available kits. Results: The overall prevalence of hepatitis B among study participants was 8.3% (95% CI: 7.2 - 9.6). The prevalence of HBsAg was found to be the highest (22.4%) among those who were over 60 years old (95% CI: 13.2 - 35.0). For participants under 20 years old, the prevalence was the lowest, at only 2.5%. For males the HBV prevalence was 11.2% (95% CI: 9.3 - 13.3), compared to 7.0% (95 CI: 5.5% - 8.8%) for females. Subjects with a family history of HBV (p = 0. 002) and dental procedures (p = 0.008) were found to be associated with higher risk for HBV infection. Conclusion: The prevalence of HBsAg in adults in Jazan remains highly relative to KSA national level. Results showed a marked reduction in HBV among participants under 20 years old. This could be mainly attributed to the successful implementation of the children’s HB immunization programs in the region. Additional efforts to control HBV and vaccination for adults are highly recommended.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Prevalence Risk Factors Jazan

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