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legume Green manure and Intercropping for High Biomass Sorghum Production

Agricultural Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 605-621页

作者： Clark B. Neely Francis m. Rouquette Jr. Cristine l. S. morgan Frank m. Hons William l. Rooney Gerald R. Smith Department of Soil and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA texas A&m Agrilife Research Overton TX USA Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Department of Soil and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Before the advent of cheap, synthetic fertilizers, legumes were commonly used as green manure crops for their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen (N). A three-year study at Overton, tX examined legume integration into high-biomass sorghum (Sorghum bicolor l.) production systems on a lilbert loamy fine sand recently cultivated after a fertilized bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (l.) Pers.] pasture. In this split-split plot design, ‘Dixie’ crimson clover (trifolium incarnatum l.) and ‘Iron and Clay’ cowpea (Vigna unguiculata l.) were integrated into a high-biomass sorghum production system to evaluate impacts on N concentration, C concentration, and yield of high-biomass sorghum and their impacts on soil total N and soil organic carbon (SOC). main plots were split into crimson clover green manure (ClGm) and winter fallow (FAll) followed by three sub-plots split into warm-season crop rotations: cowpea green manure (CPGm), cowpea-sorghum intercrop (CPSR), and sorghum monocrop (SORG). three N fertilizer treatments (0, 45, 90 kg N∙ha−1) were randomized and applied as sub-sub plots. the ClGm increased (P sorghum biomass yield (16.5 t Dm∙ha−1) 28% in year three but had no effect in the first two years. the CPSR treatment reduced sorghum yield up to 62% compared to SORG;whereas CPGm increased sorghum yield 56% and 18% the two years following cowpea incorporation. Rate of N fertilizer had no effect on sorghum biomass yield. Decrease in SOC and soil N over time indicated mineralization of organic N and may explain why no N fertilizer response was observed in sorghum biomass yield. Cowpea showed strong potential as a green manure crop but proved to be too competitive for successful intercropping in high-biomass sorghum production systems.

关键词： High-Biomass Sorghum legumes Green manure Intercrop Cowpea Crimson Clover Soil Organic Carbon Soil Nitrogen

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Ion heat transport in electron cyclotron resonance heated l-mode plasma on the t-10 tokamak

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Plasma Science and technology 2024年第4期26卷 52-60页

作者： V.A.KRUPIN m.R.NURGAlIEV A.R.NEmEtS I.A.ZEmtSOV S.D.SUNtSOV t.B.mYAltON D.S.SERGEEV N.A.SOlOVEV D.V.SARYCHEV D.V.RYJAKOV S.N.tUGARINOV N.N.NAUmENKO National Research Centre“Kurchatov Institute” Moscow 123182Russia Bauman moscow State technical University Moscow 105005Russia Institution“Project Center ItER” Moscow 123098Russia JSC“SOlAR” Minsk 220034Belarus

Anomalous ion heat transport is analyzed in the t-10 tokamak plasma heated with electron cyclotron resonance heating(ECRH) in second-harmonic extra-ordinary mode. Predictive modeling with empirical scaling for Ohmical heat conductivity shows that in ECRH plasmas the calculated ion temperature could be overestimated, so an increase of anomalous ion heat transport is required. to study this effect two scans are presented: over the EC resonance position and over the ECRH power. the EC resonance position varies from the high-field side to the low-field side by variation of the toroidal magnetic field. the scan over the heating power is presented with on-axis and mixed ECRH regimes. Discharges with high anomalous ion heat transport are obtained in all considered regimes. In these discharges the power balance ion heat conductivity exceeds the neoclassical level by up to 10 times. the high ion heat transport regimes are distinguished by three parameters: the ratio te/ti, the normalized electron density gradient R/■, and the ion–ion collisionality νii~*. the combination of high te/ti, high νii~*, and R/■=6-10 results in values of normalized anomalous ion heat fluxes up to 10 times higher than in the low transport scenario.

关键词： tokamak l-mode electron cyclotron resonance heating ion heat transport

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Venopulmonary ECmO Improved Hypoxemia and Supported the Right Ventricle in a Patient with Decompensated Eisenmenger Syndrome

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2024年第1期14卷 7-19页

作者： Daniel manzur-Sandoval Gian manuel Jiménez-Rodríguez Edgar García-Cruz Ramón Espinosa-Soto Erika Yamali Ramirez-marcano Yessenia máyory téllez-lópez José luis Elizalde-Silva Gustavo Rojas-Velasco Cardiovascular Critical Care Unit Ignacio Ch&#225vez National Institute of Cardiology Mexico City Mexico Adult Congenital Heart Disease Unit Ignacio Ch&#225vez National Institute of Cardiology Mexico City Mexico Cardiology Department Ignacio Ch&#225vez National Institute of Cardiology Mexico City Mexico

mechanical circulatory and/or respiratory assistance with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECmO) has become a standard of care for patients with circulatory (venoarterial) and/or respiratory (venovenous) failure refractory to standard therapies. Adult patients with congenital heart disease are an increasingly recognized and growing population and include various groups, such as undiagnosed cases in childhood and palliated and/or corrected cases, which require subsequent care because of residual lesions, cardiac arrest/insufficiency, and arrhythmias, among other conditions. In addition, these patients are prone to developing pathologies that are typical of adulthood with a generally increased risk of morbidity and mortality because of their low reserves and organic damage associated with the underlying heart disease, which makes them candidates for ECmO. these patients represent an additional challenge in this therapy because malformations and the presence of a shunt can generally affect the usual cannulation methods and hemodynamic and oximetry monitoring. thus, the configuration decision must be made on a case-by-case basis. Here, we present a cannulation method, venopulmonary artery ECmO, which provides hemodynamic and respiratory support, and may be ideal for patients with shunts and/or right ventricular dysfunction. to our knowledge, this is the first report of this configuration in patients with congenital heart diseases.

关键词： Eisenmenger Syndrome Venopulmonary Artery ECmO Refractory Hypoxemia Right Ventricular Dysfunction

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A cleaner production strategy for acid mine drainage prevention of waste rock:A porphyry copper case

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International Journal of mining Science and technology 2024年第8期34卷 1163-1177页

作者： Yesica l.Botero Isabelle Demers luis A.Cisternas ArnoldoÁvila mostafa Benzaazoua Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Procesos de minerales Universidad de AntofagastaAntofagasta1240000Chile Research Institute on mines and Environment Universitédu Québec en Abitibi-TémiscamingueRouyn-NorandaQC J9X5E4Canada Eriez Flotation Group Chile S.A. Santiago1240000Chile Geology and Sustainable mining Institute University Mohammed Ⅵ PolytechnicLot 660 Hay Moulay RachidBen Guerir 43150Morocco

An in-process technology approach is proposed to identify the source of acid mine drainage(AmD)generation and prevent its formation in a porphyry copper waste rock(WR).Adopting actions before stockpiling the WR enables the establishment of potential contaminants and predicts the more convenient method for AmD prevention.A WR sample was separated into size fractions,and the WR’s net acidgenerating potential was quantified using chemical and mineralogical *** diameter of physical locking of sulfides(DPlS)was determined,and the fractions below the DPlS were desulfurized using ***,the WR fractions and tailing from the flotation test were submitted to acid-base accounting and weathering tests to evaluate their acid-generating *** show that the WR’s main sulfide mineral is pyrite,and the DPlS was defined as 850μm.A sulfide recovery of 91%was achieved using a combination of HydroFloat^(®)and Denver cells for a size fraction lower than *** grinding was *** results show that size fractions greater than DPlS and the desulfurized WR are unlikely to produce *** outcomes show that in-processing technology can be a more proactive approach and an effective tool for avoiding AmD in a porphyry copper WR.

关键词： Waste rock Porphyry copper ore Desulfurization Acid mine drainage HydroFloat^(®) In-process technology Cleaner production

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Climate-influenced vector-borne diseases in Africa: a call to empower the next generation of African researchers for sustainable solutions

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-10页

作者： Obame-Nkoghe Judica?l Agossou Adjoavi Esse mboowa Gerald Kamgang Basile Caminade Cyril Duke Dawn C. Githeko Andrew Karanja Ogega Obed m. Elloué Nestor Engone Sarr Fatou Bintou Nkoghe Dieudonné Kengne Pierre Ndam Nicaise t. Paupy Christophe Bockarie moses Otomo Patricks Voua molecular and Cellular Biology laboratory (labmC) Biology Department University of Science and Technology of Masuku BP Franceville Gabon Ecology and Health Research Unit Interdisciplinary Center for Medical Research of Franceville BP Franceville Gabon Department of Zoology and Entomology Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State Private Bag x13 Phuthaditjhaba Republic of South Africa laboratory of Pharmacology and Improved traditional medicines Department of Animal Physiology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi BP Cotonou Benin the African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data-Intensive Sciences Infectious Diseases Institute College of Health Sciences Makerere University P. O Box Kampala Uganda Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention African Union Commission Roosevelt Street P.O. Box WKAddis Ababa Ethiopia Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases P.O. Box Yaoundé Cameroon Earth System Physics Department The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste Italy Africa Research Excellence Fund Charterhouse Street London EC1MHR UK Community Health Support Program P.O. Box Kisumu Kenya the African Academy of Sciences Nairobi Kenya Center for Phylosophical Studies and Research (CERP) Omar Bongo University (UOB) BP Libreville Gabon UmRED Health Training and Research Unit University of Iba Der Thiam of Thiès BP Thiès Senegal National Parasitic Diseases Control Program Ministry of Health Libreville Gabon mIVEGEC Univ. Montpellier CNRS IRD Montpellier France mERIt IRD Paris Cité University Paris France Department of Parasitology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana LG Accra Ghana School of Community Health Sciences Njala University Bo Sierra Leone

We look at the link between climate change and vector-borne diseases in low- and middle-income countries in Africa. the large endemicity and escalating threat of diseases such as malaria and arboviral diseases, intensified by climate change, disproportionately affects vulnerable communities globally. We highlight the urgency of prioritizing research and development, advocating for robust scientific inquiry to promote adaptation strategies, and the vital role that the next generation of African research leaders will play in addressing these challenges. Despite significant challenges such as funding shortages within countries, various pan-African-oriented funding bodies such as the African Academy of Sciences, the Africa Research Excellence Fund, the Wellcome trust, the U.S. National Institutes of Health, and the Bill and melinda Gates Foundation as well as initiatives such as the African Research Initiative for Scientific Excellence and the Pan-African mosquito Control Association, have empowered (or are empowering) these researchers by supporting capacity building activities, including continental and global networking, skill development, mentoring, and African-led research. this article underscores the urgency of increased national investment in research, proposing the establishment of research government agencies to drive evidence-based interventions. Collaboration between governments and scientific communities, sustained by pan-African funding bodies, is crucial. through these efforts, African nations are likely to enhance the resilience and adaptive capacity of their systems and communities by navigating these challenges effectively, fostering scientific excellence and implementing transformative solutions against climate-sensitive vector-borne diseases.

关键词： Climate change Vector-borne diseases Africa Environmental justice Research and development Pan-African funding initiatives

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Soil organic carbon stocks in native forest of Argentina:a useful surrogate for mitigation and conservation planning under climate variability

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 3-24页

作者： Pablo l.Peri Juan Gaitán matías mastrangelo marcelo Nosetto Pablo E.Villagra Ezequiel Balducci martín Pinazo Roxana P.Eclesia Alejandra Von Wallis Sebastián Villarino Francisco Alaggia marina González Polo Silvina manrique Pablo A.meglioli Julián Rodríguez-Souilla martín mónaco Jimena E.Chaves Ariel medina Ignacio Gasparri Eugenio Alvarez Arnesi maría Paula Barral Axel von müller Norberto m.Pahr Josefina Uribe Echevarria Pedro Fernández marina morsucci Dardo lópez Juan manuel Cellini leandro Alvarez Ignacio Barberis Hernán Colomb ludmila la manna Sebastián Barbaro Cecilia Blundo Ximena Sirimarco laura Cavallero Gualberto Zalazar Guillermo martínez Pastur Instituto Nacional de tecnología Agropecuaria (INtA) Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UNPA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Universidad Nacional de luján Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Grupo de Estudio de Agroecosistemas y Paisajes Rurales (GEAP) Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET ) CCt San luis Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Instituto Argentino de Nivología Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y medioambiente (INIBIOmA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía No Convencional CCT Salta-JujuyConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) laboratorio de Recursos Agroforestales Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Dirección Nacional de Bosques Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible de la Nación Instituto de Ecología Regional Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET )Universidad Nacional de Tucumán Universidad Nacional de Rosario Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Grupo de Estudio de Agroecosistemas y Paisajes Rurales (GEAP) Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) laboratorio de Investigaciones en maderas (lImAD) Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) Administración de Parques Nacionales (APN) Parque Nacional Los Alerces Centro de Estudios Ambientales Integrados (CEAI) Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPASJB) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET )

Background the nationally determined contribution（NDC） presented by Argentina within the framework of the Paris Agreement is aligned with the decisions made in the context of the United Nations Framework Conven-tion on Climate Change（UNFCCC） on the reduction of emissions derived from deforestation and forest degradation, as well as forest carbon conservation（REDD+）. In addition, climate change constitutes one of the greatest threats to forest biodiversity and ecosystem services. However, the soil organic carbon（SOC） stocks of native forests have not been incorporated into the Forest Reference Emission levels calculations and for conservation planning under cli-mate variability due to a lack of information. the objectives of this study were:（i） to model SOC stocks to 30 cm of native forests at a national scale using climatic, topographic and vegetation as predictor variables, and（ii） to relate SOC stocks with spatial–temporal remotely sensed indices to determine biodiversity conservation concerns due to threats from high inter-annual climate *** We used 1040 forest soil samples（0–30 cm） to generate spatially explicit estimates of SOC native forests in Argentina at a spatial resolution of approximately 200 m. We selected 52 potential predictive environmental covari-ates, which represent key factors for the spatial distribution of SOC. All covariate maps were uploaded to the Google Earth Engine cloud-based computing platform for subsequent modelling. to determine the biodiversity threats from high inter-annual climate variability, we employed the spatial–temporal satellite-derived indices based on Enhanced Vegetation Index（EVI） and land surface temperature（lSt） images from landsat *** SOC model（0–30 cm depth） prediction accounted for 69% of the variation of this soil property across the whole native forest coverage in Argentina. total mean SOC stock reached 2.81 Pg C（2.71–2.84 Pg C with a probability of 90%） for a total area of 460,790 km2,

关键词： Soil organic carbon Biodiversity Native forest Climate change mitigation modelling Resilience

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Superior antibody and membrane protein‑specific t‑cell responses to CoronaVac by intradermal versus intramuscular routes in adolescents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime S.Rosa Duque Samuel m.S.Cheng Carolyn A.Cohen Daniel leung Xiwei Wang Xiaofeng mu Yuet Chung tsun ming lau manni Wang Wenyue Zhang Yanmei Zhang Howard H.W.Wong leo C.H.tsang Sara Chaothai tsz Chun Kwan John K.C.li Karl C.K.Chan leo l.H.luk Jenson C.H.Ho Wing Yan li Amos m.t.lee Jennifer H.Y.lam Sau man Chan Wilfred H.S.Wong Issan Y.S.tam masashi mori Sophie A.Valkenburg malik Peiris Wenwei tu Yu lung lau Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina HKU‑Pasteur Research Pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Center for Immunology and Infection C2i Hong KongChina

Background Optimising the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines to improve their protection against disease is *** dosing by intradermal(ID)administration has been shown to be equally immunogenic as intramuscular(Im)administration for several vaccines,but the immunogenicity of ID inactivated whole severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)at the full dose is *** study(NCt04800133)investigated the superiority of antibody and t-cell responses of full-dose CoronaVac by ID over Im administration in *** Participants aged 11–17 years received two doses of Im or ID vaccine,followed by the 3rd dose 13–42 days *** and cellular immunogenicity outcomes were measured post-dose 2(Im-CC versus ID-CC)and post-dose 3(ImCCC versus ID-CCC).Doses 2 and 3 were administered to 173 and 104 adolescents,*** Spike protein(S)immunoglobulin G(IgG),S-receptor-binding domain(RBD)IgG,S IgG Fcγreceptor IIIa(FcγRIIIa)-binding,SNm[sum of individual(S),nucleocapsid protein(N),and membrane protein(m)peptide pool]-specific interleukin-2(Il-2)+CD4^(+),SNm-specific Il-2^(+)CD8^(+),S-specific Il-2^(+)CD8^(+),N-specific Il-2^(+)CD4^(+),N-specific Il-2^(+)CD8^(+)and m-specific Il-2^(+)CD4^(+)responses fulfilled the superior and non-inferior criteria for ID-CC compared to Im-CC,whereas IgG avidity was *** ID-CCC,S-RBD IgG,surrogate virus neutralisation test,90%plaque reduction neutralisation titre(PRNt90),PRNt50,S IgG avidity,S IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,m-specific Il-2^(+)CD4^(+),interferon-γ+CD8^(+)and Il-2^(+)CD8^(+)responses were superior and non-inferior to *** estimated vaccine efficacies were 49%,52%,66%and 79%for Im-CC,ID-CC,Im-CCC and ID-CCC,*** ID groups reported more local,mild adverse *** this is the first study to demonstrate superior antibody and m-specific t-cell responses by ID inactivated SARSCoV-2 vaccination and serves as the basis for future research to improve the

关键词： CoronaVac Coronavirus disease 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vaccine

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Women Breast Cancer: Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices and Factors Associated with Early Screening in the municipality of Abomey-Calavi in Benin in 2018

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第1期14卷 131-156页

作者： Stéphane Arold Bidossessi Senahoun Nicolas Hamondji Amegan mahougnon Hugues Serge Dohou Hermann Comlanvi Agbedjinou lucresse Corine Fassinou tècle Edwige Korogone Armand Ibikounle Dieudonné Fambo Joël Gamêlé mikponhoué Christiane tshabu Aguemon Ecole Doctorale des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Ecole de Santé Publique de l’Université de montréal Québec Canada Unité de Formation et de Recherche en médecine Cardiovasculaire Faculté de Médecine de l’Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin Ecole de Santé Publique Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgique Ecole Nationale des techniciens Supérieurs en Santé Publique et en Surveillance Epidémiologique Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin

Background: Breast cancer is the dominant cancer in women in both developed and developing countries. the objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, practices and factors associated with early breast cancer screening among women in the municipality of Abomey-Calavi in Benin. methods: this was a cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical study with prospective data collection from October 1 to 8, 2018, involving 1740 women in the municipality of Abomey-Calavi, aged 18 years or older and selected by WHO four-stage random cluster sampling. Consenting women who were mentally competent, 18 years of age or older at the time of the survey, and residing continuously in the municipality of Abomey-Calavi for the last six months prior to the survey were included. On the other hand, women who belonged to a breast cancer prevention service, women in whom secondary screening was noted, or non-consenting women were not included. the initial minimum size was estimated by the Schwartz formula with a cluster effect of k = 2. Information was collected by questionnaire survey, entered with Epidata 3.1. Fr and analyzed with R Studio 3.5.1. software. Results: the mean age of the women surveyed was 32.0 ± 11.5 years with a range of 18 and 71 years. Regarding knowledge, the clinical manifestation known by the majority of women was the presence of a nodule (68.50%). In the series, 1308 (75.17%) declared having heard about breast cancer once before, either on the radio, television or from friends and 726 (55.50%) had heard about breast cancer screening. Five hundred and twelve (70.52%) of the 726 who had heard of breast cancer said they knew that breast cancer could be screened earlier. Breast self-examination was the most cited screening method (67.58%). the disease is of natural origin according to 37.84% of them. Regarding attitudes and practices, the prevalence of early breast cancer screening was 12.93%, of which 11.67% declared that they had checked themselves to kno

关键词： Breast Cancer Early Screening Knowledge Practices Attitudes Associated Factors

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前言:青藏高原及其周边综合地层、生物群与古地理演化

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第4期54卷 911-914页

作者：沈树忠丁林朱茂炎王向东邓涛南京大学地球科学与工程学院关键地球物质循环前沿科学中心内生金属成矿机制研究国家重点实验室南京210023 中国科学院青藏高原研究所青藏高原地球系统全国重点实验室北京100101 中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室南京210008 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院北京100049 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室北京100044

青藏高原研究对揭示地史时期全球构造、古地理、生物与环境等的演化都具有举足轻重的作用.文章介绍了“青藏高原及其周边综合地层、生物群与古地理演化”专辑的组织背景、主要内容和期望目标,同时总结了本专辑成果相比第一次青藏高原科... 详细信息

青藏高原研究对揭示地史时期全球构造、古地理、生物与环境等的演化都具有举足轻重的作用.文章介绍了“青藏高原及其周边综合地层、生物群与古地理演化”专辑的组织背景、主要内容和期望目标,同时总结了本专辑成果相比第一次青藏高原科考报告的显著进展.

关键词：期望目标生物群全球构造生物与环境青藏高原周边

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Elucidating regulatory processes of intense physical activity by multi-omics analysis

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military medical Research 2024年第4期11卷 479-499页

作者： Ernesto S.Nakayasu marina A.Gritsenko Young-mo Kim Jennifer E.Kyle Kelly G.Stratton Carrie D.Nicora Nathalie munoz Kathleen m.Navarro Daniel Claborne Yuqian Gao Karl K.Weitz Vanessa l.Paurus Kent J.Bloodsworth Kelsey A.Allen lisa m.Bramer Fernando montes Kathleen A.Clark Grant tietje Justin teeguarden Kristin E.Burnum-Johnson Biological Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Environmental and molecular Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthWestern States DivisionDenverCO 80204USA Computational Analytics Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA National Security Directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA los Angeles County Fire Department Los AngelesCA 90063USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthRespiratory Health DivisionMorgantownWV 26505USA Environmental and molecular toxicology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

Background:Physiological and biochemical processes across tissues of the body are regulated in response to the high demands of intense physical activity in several occupations,such as firefighting,law enforcement,military,and sports.A better understanding of such processes can ultimately help improve human performance and prevent illnesses in the work ***:to study regulatory processes in intense physical activity simulating real-life conditions,we performed a multi-omics analysis of 3 biofluids(blood plasma,urine,and saliva)collected from 11 wildland firefighters before and after a 45 min,intense exercise *** profiles ***-exercise were compared by Student’s t-test followed by pathway analysis and comparison between the different omics ***:Our multi-omics analysis identified and quantified 3835 proteins,730 lipids and 182 metabolites combining the 3 different types of *** blood plasma analysis revealed signatures of tissue damage and acute repair response accompanied by enhanced carbon metabolism to meet energy *** urine analysis showed a strong,concomitant regulation of 6 out of 8 identified proteins from the renin-angiotensin system supporting increased excretion of catabolites,reabsorption of nutrients and maintenance of fluid *** saliva,we observed a decrease in 3 pro-inflammatory cytokines and an increase in 8 antimicrobial peptides.A systematic literature review identified 6 papers that support an altered susceptibility to respiratory ***:this study shows simultaneous regulatory signatures in biofluids indicative of homeostatic maintenance during intense physical activity with possible effects on increased infection susceptibility,suggesting that caution against respiratory diseases could benefit workers on highly physical demanding jobs.

关键词： multi-omics analysis Intense exercise Human performance Biofluids metabolism Immunity

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