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Thermal-water-salt coupling process of unsaturated saline soil under unidirectional freezing

Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第2期20卷 557-569页

作者： LUO Chong-liang YU Yun-yan ZHANG Jing TAO Jing-yan ou qing-jie CUI Wen-hao School of Civil Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China School of Civil Engineering Hexi UniversityZhangye 734000China State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Salinization and desertification are closely related to water-salt migration caused by a temperature *** on the Darcy Law of unsaturated soils,the law of energy conservation and the law of mass conservation,the thermal-water-salt coupling mathematical model of unsaturated frozen saline soil was *** model considered the latent heat of phase change,crystallization impedance,crystallization consumption and complete precipitation of solute crystallization in *** order to verify the rationality of the model,the unidirectional freezing test of unsaturated saline soil was carried out in an open system with no-pressure water supplement to obtain the spatial distribution of temperature,moisture and salt in the saline ***,numerical simulations are implemented with the assistance of COMSOL *** of the model is illustrated by comparisons between the simulation and experimental *** results demonstrated that the temperature within saline soil changes with time and can be divided into three stages,namely quick freezing stage,transitional stage and stable *** water and salt contents in the freezing zone are layered,with peak values at the freezing *** coupled model could reveal the heat-mass migration mechanism of unsaturated frozen saline soil and dynamically describe the freezing depth and the movement law of the freezing front,ice and salt crystal formation mechanism,and the change law of thermal conductivity and permeability coefficient.

关键词： Unsaturated sulfate saline soil Watersalt migration Crystallization latent heat Crystallization impedance Mathematical model

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Ideal Bi‑Based Hybrid Anode Material for Ultrafast Charging of Sodium‑Ion Batteries at Extremely Low Temperatures

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 152-167页

作者： jie Bai Jian Hui Jia Yu Wang Chun Cheng Yang qing Jiang Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials(Jilin University) Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130022People’s Republic of China

Sodium-ion batteries have emerged as competitive substitutes for low-temperature applications due to severe capacity loss and safety concerns of lithium-ion batteries at−20°C or ***,the key capability of ultrafast charging at ultralow temperature for SIBs is rarely ***,a hybrid of Bi nanoparticles embedded in carbon nanorods is demonstrated as an ideal material to address this issue,which is synthesized via a high temperature shock *** a hybrid shows an unprecedented rate performance(237.9 mAh g^(−1) at 2 A g^(−1))at−60℃,outperforming all reported SIB anode *** with a Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)cathode,the energy density of the full cell can reach to 181.9 Wh kg^(−1) at−40°*** on this work,a novel strategy of high-rate activation is proposed to enhance performances of Bi-based materials in cryogenic conditions by creating new active sites for interfacial reaction under large current.

关键词： Bi nanoparticles High temperature shock High-rate activation Ultrafast charging Low-temperature sodium-ion batteries

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Edge supercurrent in Josephson junctions based on topological materials

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第2期68卷 1-12页

作者： Junjie Qi Chui-Zhen Chen Juntao Song jie Liu Ke He qing-Feng Sun X.C.Xie Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Institute for Advanced Study Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China College of Physics and Hebei Advanced Thin Films Laboratory Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China School of Physics Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed MatterXi’an 710049China State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of PhysicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Beijing 100084China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088China International Center for Quantum Materials School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Interdisciplinary Center for Theoretical Physics and Information Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

The interplay between novel topological states and superconductivity has garnered substantial interest due to its potential for topological quantum *** Josephson effect serves as a useful probe for edge superconductivity in these hybrid topological *** Josephson junctions based on topological materials,supercurrents exhibit unique quantum interference patterns,including the conventional Fraunhofer oscillations,theΦ_(0)-periodic oscillation,and the 2Φ_(0)-periodic oscillation in response to the external magnetic field(Φ_(0)=h/2e is the flux quantum,h the Planck constant,and e the electron charge).These interference patterns stem from varied Andreev reflection mechanisms and the associated current density *** review seeks to comprehensively examine the theoretical and experimental advancements in understanding the quantum interference patterns of edge supercurrents in Josephson junctions based on quantum spin Hall,quantum Hall,and quantum anomalous Hall systems.

关键词： quantum Hall effect quantum spin Hall effect quantum anomalous Hall effect Josephson junction edge supercurrent Andreev reflection

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Trinuclear gold-catalyzed site-selective alkylation of peptides

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 249-256页

作者： qing-Yun Fang Chengyihan Gu Yinghan Chen Wencheng Yan Yong Liang Weipeng Li Chengjian Zhu jie Han Jin Xie State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsChemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center(ChemBIC)School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Green Catalysis Center College of ChemistryZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 211198China

Selective modification of peptides has always been a challenging *** selective alkylation of peptides can alter the biological activity and physical properties of molecules,and it has gained significant research *** herein disclose an intriguing gold-catalyzed alkylation of peptides using bench-stable unactivated alkyl bromides under photoredox catalysis.A wide range of structurally diverse primary,secondary and tertiary alkyl bromides serve as effective coupling partners to precisely connect with theα-C(sp^(3))–H in glycine residue of *** protocol demonstrates an exceptionally broad scope for alkyl halides and excellent tolerance for a wide range of useful functional groups.A series of relay transformations to construct cyclic peptides,to proceed click reaction and to realize peptide fluorescence labeling further enhance its synthetic *** addition,mechanistic studies and density functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal an inner-sphere and subsequent outersphere single electron transfer(SET)mechanism.

关键词： gold catalysis peptide alkylation C-C coupling radical

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Processing,microstructure,and mechanical properties of wire arc additively-manufactured AZ91 magnesium alloy using cold arc process

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中国有色金属学报 2025年第1期35卷 91-104页

作者： Bai-hao CAI Ji-kang FAN jie LI Dong-qing YANG Yong PENG Ke-hong WANG Key Laboratory of Controlled Arc Intelligent Additive Technology Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

Thin walls of an AZ91 magnesium alloy with fine equiaxed grains were fabricated via cold arc-based wire arc additive manufacturing(CA-WAAM),and the droplet transfer behaviours,microstructures,and mechanical properties were *** results showed that the cold arc process reduced splashing at the moment of liquid bridge breakage and effectively shortened the droplet transfer *** microstructures of the deposited samples exhibited layered characteristics with alternating distributions of coarse and fine *** layer-by-layer deposition,the β-phase precipitated and grew preferentially along grain boundaries,while the fineη-Al_(8)Mn_(5)phase was dispersed in the α-Mg *** mechanical properties of the CA-WAAM deposited sample showed isotropic *** ultimate tensile strength and elongation in the building direction(BD)were 282.7 MPa and 14.2%,*** microhardness values of the deposited parts were relatively uniform,with an average value of HV 69.6.

关键词： AZ91 magnesium alloy droplet transfer microstructure mechanical properties cold arc process

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Describing H* adsorption on dual-active sites of single-atom-metals and frustrated-Lewis-pairs for reverse water-gas shift reaction

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第03期 1159-1168页

作者： Wenbin Li jie Gan qing Guo Sai Zhang Yongquan Qu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University School of Materials and Environmental Engineering Chizhou University Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen

Acquiring descriptors to guide catalyst design is an ideal but challenging topic in the field of heterogeneous ***,the adsorption energy of H*(Ead（H）) has been established to describe the catalytic activity of dual-active sites of single-atom metals and frustrated Lewis pairs （FLPs） on the porous nanorod of CeO2surface （M1/PN-CeO2） for reverse water-gas shift （RWGS）reaction.H2and CO2molecules are adsorbed and activated on single-atom metals and FLP sites,respectively,facilitating the RWGS reaction through the H*spillover from single-atom metals to *** investigations illustrate that the generation of H*on the single-atom metals and subsequent migration towards FLP are critical steps,determining the performance of M1/PN–CeO2for RWGS reaction.A volcanic correlation is observed between Ead（H） and catalytic activity of M1/PN–CeO2for *** Pt1/PN–CeO2catalysts with a minimal deviation of-0.01 eV from the experimentally optimized Ead（H） of -1.88 eV,exhibited an exceptional turnover frequency of 33,605 h-1and surpassed a turnover number of 20,000,000 for each Pt active site during a period of 650 h at 600°*** findings could pave the way for the rational design of highly active and durable catalysts for RWGS reaction.

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Sedimentary facies analysis,palaeogeography,and reservoir quality of the Middle-Upper Cambrian Xixiangchi Formation in southeast Sichuan Basin, southwest China

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2025年第01期14卷 245-276页

作者： oumar Ibrahima Kane Ming-Yi Hu Quan-Sheng Cai qing-jie Deng Ze-Bin Tong Institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation School of Geosciences Yangtze University School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum (East China)

Various data were utilized to analyze the sedimentary facies,completely reconstruct the palaeogeographic maps,and evaluate the reservoir quality of the Middle-Upper Cambrian Xixiangchi Formation in the Sichuan Basin,including evidence from field outcrops,drilling cores,microscopic thin sections,scanning electron microscopy （SEM）,combined with experimental analysis data,such as petrophysical data(porosity （%） and permeability （mD）),and radioactive elements (uranium (238U),thorium (232Th),and potassium (40K)),and isotopic data (δ13C)).In the Sichuan Basin,the Middle-Upper Cambrian Xixiangchi Formation was principally deposited in a restricted platform with a lithology predominantly composed of dolomite,with local occurrences of limestone and other rock types in small *** beddings,cross beddings,horizontal beddings,storm depositions,and mud cracks locally developed in some *** 3rd-order sequences （SQ1-SQ4） were identified within the Xixiangchi Formation in this *** sequence is subdivided into a highstand systems tract （HST） and a transgressive systems tract （TST）.Reservoirs are principally developed in high-energy grain shoal deposits located in SQ2 and SQ3,with a minor occurrence in SQ1 and *** lithology of these shoal deposits is essentially composed of sandy dolomite and crystalline dolomite characterized by relatively low average porosity （2.61%） and permeability （1.0073 mD） *** increase of these values in several studied samples might be related to seepage and connecting dissolution pores and vugs through fractures which have a constructive effect on porosity and *** occurrence of karst caves through superimposed supergene karstification and bedding karstification highly improved the reservoir's physical properties in some *** reservoir space is dominated by intergranular dissolution pores,karst caves,and fractures,and their formation was controlled by sedimentation,diagenesis,penecontemporaneous dissolu

关键词： Sedimentary facies Palaeogeography Reservoir quality Reservoir prediction Cambrian Xixiangchi Formation Sichuan Basin

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正义是社会存在的支柱--亚当·斯密《道德情操论》解读

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嘉应学院学报 2018年第6期36卷 25-28页

作者：欧清华胡解旺嘉应学院马克思主义学院广东梅州514015

亚当·斯密《道德情操论》在继承和发展西方伦理思想和正义理论的基础上,创造性地将个人正义拓展到社会领域的各个层面,并首次明确提出正义是社会存在的支柱。为了全面、真正落实正义,需要在全社会培育正义意识,并构建鼓励正义、严惩不... 详细信息

亚当·斯密《道德情操论》在继承和发展西方伦理思想和正义理论的基础上,创造性地将个人正义拓展到社会领域的各个层面,并首次明确提出正义是社会存在的支柱。为了全面、真正落实正义,需要在全社会培育正义意识,并构建鼓励正义、严惩不义行为的正义规则。这些具有里程碑式的思想之光一直在烛照人类社会,推动社会不断追求正义、迈向正义轨道。以统计该著四大高频词——同情、美德、激情和正义为基础,研究了正义是贯穿其他三者的主线和灵魂。

关键词：正义支柱同情美德激情

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Enantioselective synthesis of indenols via rhodium(III)-catalyze C–H activation/annulation of ketones with alkynes

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Bo-Bo Gou Wen-jie Shen Yuan-Jun Gao qing Gu Shu-Li You New Cornerstone Science Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences

Molecular chirality is a cornerstone of modern chemistry and it has a profound impact on biological activity, chemical reactivity and physical property. Developing asymmetric synthesis methods to efficiently and precisely produce chiral molecules remains a challenging issue in organic chemistry. In recent years, transition-metal-catalyzed enantioselective C–H activation has emerged as an efficient strategy for the rapid access to valuable chiral compounds from readily available feedstocks in an atom-and step-economic manner. Here we report a rhodium(III)-catalyzed C–H activation/annulation of ketones with alkynes. This method features mild conditions, wide substrate scope, and perfect atom economy, affording a series of chiral tertiary indenols in excellent yields and enantioselectivity(up to 98% yield and 99% ee). Combined experimental and computational studies revealed the turnover-limiting step of the reaction and the origins of enantioselectivity and regioselectivity.

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Effects of mode of reproduction on genetic polymorphism and divergence in wild yams(Dioscoreaceae:Dioscorea)

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Plant Diversity 2025年第1期47卷 136-147页

作者： Xin Wang qing-Hong Feng Zhi-Hua Zeng Zhi-Qiang Zhang jie Cai Gao Chen De-Zhu Li Hong Wang Wei Zhou Germplasm Bank of Wild Species&Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology Institute of BiodiversitySchool of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunmingYunnan 650504China Research Institute of Tropical Forestry Yunnan Academy of Forestry and GrasslandXishuangbannaYunnan 666102China CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China Lijiang Forest Biodiversity National Observation and Research Station Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesLijiangYunnan 674100China

Evolutionary transitions from sexual to asexual reproduction should have significant influences on genetic divergence and polymorphism at the genome *** lineages with diverse reproductive systems provide opportunities to investigate this question using comparative approaches and studies of molecular *** investigated evidence for differences among the transcriptomes of 19 Dioscorea species(wild yams)with diverse reproductive *** included sexual species,those that propagate primarily by bulbils,and those with mixed sexual and asexual reproductive *** examined how transitions between these reproductive systems affected between-species divergence and within-species *** asexual species exhibited a reduced efficacy of natural selection and accumulation of deleterious mutations for both divergence and *** contrast,species with mixed reproductive strategies involving both seed and clonal reproduction showed no evidence of an increased fixation of harmful mutations at the divergence level,while an accumulation of genetic load present in polymorphism was *** study indicates that the genetic consequences of evolutionary transitions from sexual to predominantly clonal reproduction is likely to depend on both the duration and extent of asexuality occurring in populations.

关键词： Asexual Deleterious mutations Dioscorea Molecular evolution Selection

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