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ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC PRICING SCENARIOS FOR MULTIPLE-GENERATION PRODUCT LINES

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2015年第1期24卷 107-129页

作者： nil Kilicay-Ergin Chun-yuLin Gul E.Okudan Great Valley School of Graduate Professional Studies Penn State University Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Penn State UniversityUniversity Park School of Engineering Design Department of Industrial and Manufacturing EngineeringPenn State UniversityUniversity Park

In technology-intensive markets, it is a common strategy for companies to develop long-term multiple generation product lines instead of releasing consecutive single products. Even though this strategy is more profitable than sequentially introducing single product generations, it can also result in inter-product line cannibalization. Cannibalization of multiple-generation product lines is a complex problem that needs to be taken into account at the early product line planning stage in order to sustain long-term profitability. In this paper, we propose an agent-based model that can simulate the potential cannibalization scenarios within a multiple-generation product line. We view a multiple-generation product line （MGPL） as complex adaptive system where each product generation in the MGPL adjusts its sales price over time based on the shifts in the market demand. The proposed model provides insights into how various pricing strategies impact the overall lifecycle profitability of MGPL and can be used to assist companies in developing appropriate dynamic pricing strategies at the early product line planning stages.

关键词： Multiple-generation product lines cannibalization agent-based modeling dynamic pricingscenarios

Epididymal changes associated with cryptorchidism in rats

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2001年第4期3卷 277-280页

作者： Izzet Kocak Mehmet Dundar nil Culhaci Department of Urology Department of UrologyDepartment of Pathology Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine Aydin 09100 Turkey

Aim: To investigate the effect of a new mechanically induced cryptorchidism model on rat epididymal ***: Eighteen 21-day-old Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of 6 animals each. Ani-mals of Groups 1 and 2 were made unilaterally cryptorchid by closing the left inguinal canal, while Group 3 (controls),sham operated. At Day 60 (Group 1) and Day 90 (Group 2 and 3), the rats were sacrificed. The epididymides of bothsides were weighed, and the diameter of the epididymal tubules, the height of the tubular epithelium and the presenceof fibrosis of the caput epididymides were examined under a light-microscope. Results: The cryptorchid epididymishad a significantly lower weight increase than the contralateral ones and the controls, but the epithelial height and diam-eter of caput epididymal tubules were not significantly different. Fibrosis was not observed. Conclusion; The au-thors proposed that this new model is a convenient method to evaluate the epididymal changes associated with experi-mental cryptorchidism. (Asian J Androl 2001 Dec; 3: 277 - 280)

关键词： cryptrorchidism epididymis histology rats

Geodynamic significance and genesis of chromitites from the Islahiye ophiolite(Gaziantep,SE Anatolia)as constrained by platinum group element(PGE)compositions and mineral chemistry characteristics

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Acta Geochimica 2022年第5期41卷 741-752页

作者： nil Yapici Gael Calo sinda Ngbangandimbo Nusret Nurlu Department of Mining Engineering University ofÇukurovaAdanaTurkey Department of Geological Engineering University ofÇukurovaAdanaTurkey Mühendislik Fakültesi Jeoloji Mühendisliği BölümüÇukurovaÜniversitesi01330 BalcalıAdanaTurkey

Chromitites associated with intensely altered dunites and harzburgites from fourteen dif ferent localities in the Islahiye ophiolites(SE Anatolia)is reported here for the first *** chromitites were observed as lenticular and banded bodies with disseminated and massive textures and containing magnesiochromite grains with the following composition:CrO=58.91–59.74 wt%,Al_(2)O_(3)=10.85–11.20 wt%,and TiO=0.09–0.13 wt%.The Mg#[Mg/(Mg+Fe)]values of magnesiochromite from the Islahiye ophiolite range between 0.52 and 0.60 and their Cr#[Cr/(Cr+Al)]values vary from 0.7802 to *** contents vary with a constant pattern,coincident with the estimated parental liquids that have originated from the derivative of a single bulk of boninitic magma together with Al,Ti-poor,and Cr-rich initial *** chromitites are serpentinised in almost all parts of the study area,and harzburgite and dunite can be observed in different *** the overall composition of platinum group elements(PGE)in most examined chromitites varies between 97 and 191 ppb,three chromitites from the Islahiye region present enrichments in overall PGE(up to 214 ppb).The mineralogical and geochemical features of chromitites from the Islahiye region exhibit a robust similarity to podiform chromitites in the mantle fragment of supra–subduction zone type ophiolitic *** estimated parental magmas of the investigated chromites are consistent with the diff erentiation of arcrelated melts and do not suggest an oceanic spreading centre tectonic *** Islahiye chromites are enriched in IPGE(Ir,Os,Ru),with the occasional presence of Ru and Ir and higher Os contents in ***,we did not find any platinum group minerals(PGM)associated with the serpentine silicate sample matrix,which would have stated a secondary enrichment in *** chromitites in the investigated region have high Cr and low Ti values,are defined as magnesiochromite and were crystallised from a characte

关键词： Chromite Platinum group element Platinum group mineral Ophiolite Mineral chemistry

New statistical results on the optical IDV data of BL Lac S5 0716+714

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2015年第3期15卷 327-332页

作者： Bogdan Dǎnilǎ Alexandru Marcu Gabriela Raluca Mocanu Faculty of Physics Babes-Bolyai University Romanian Academy Astronomical Institute Astronomical Observatory Cluj-Napoca

This paper reports on the statistical behavior of the optical Intraday Variability of BL Lac S5 0716＋714. Available Intraday Variability data in the opti- cal are tested to see whether or not the magnitude is lognormally distributed. Our results consistently indicate that this is not the case. This is in agreement with a previ- ous discussion about data for the same object but in a different observational period. Simultaneously, the spectral slope of the light curves is calculated. The implications of these findings on models that describe both the location and source of Intraday Variability are presented.

关键词： radiation mechanisms non-thermal -- BL Lacertae objects individual:S5 0716+714

Production and characterization of hydrophobic zinc borate by using palm oil

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第11期20卷 1081-1088页

作者： nil Baran Acarali Nurcan Tugrul Emek Moroydor Derun Sabriye Piskin Department of Chemical Engineering Yildiz Technical University

Zinc borate （ZB） was synthesized using zinc oxide, boric acid synthesized from colemanite, and reference ZB as seed. The effects of reaction parameters such as reaction time, reactant ratio, and seed ratio on its yield were examined. Then, the effects of palm oil with solvents （isopropyl alcohol （IPA）, ethanol, and methanol） added to the reaction on its hydrophobicity were explored. Reactions were carried out under determined reaction conditions with magnetically and mechanically stirred systems. The produced ZB was characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and measurements of contact angle identified hydrophobicity. The results showed that hydrophobic ZB was successfully produced under determined reaction conditions. The change of process parameters influenced its yield and the usage of palm oil provided hydrophobicity.

关键词： zinc borate hydrophobicity seed contact angle palm oil

Seed Priming with MgCl_(2),CaCl_(2),and ZnCl_(2) as a Biofortification Based-Approach Induces Changes in Anise Seedlings Emergence

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第8期92卷 2461-2471页

作者： Sibel Day nilüfer Koçak-Şahin Department of Field Crops Faculty of AgricultureAnkara UniversityAnkara06110Türkiye

Aromatic and medicinal plant species having small seeds haveﬁeld emergence problems due to low nutrient ***,Pimpinella anisum seeds were hydro and osmoprimed with 100 mM MgCl_(2),CaCl_(2),and ZnCl_(2),for 2,4,and 8 h each to compare their growth attributes during germination and seedling establishment *** seeds were used as *** hydro and osmo primed seeds were dried for 48 h before,they were sown in plastic trays in growth room conditions to see the impact of treatments on seedling emergence and *** maximum root length(12.90 cm),fresh weight(256.30 mg plant^(-1)),and mean emergence time(MET)were recorded from 8 h MgCl_(2) primed ***,the maximum(97.50,and 98.00%)emergence percentage was observed using 8 h MgCl_(2) primed seeds and nontreated seeds(control treatment).The evaluation of parameters like chlorophyll contents and electrical conductivity showed the 8 h MgCl_(2) priming as the optimum *** evaluation of parameters like chlorophyll contents and electrical conductivity showed the 8 h MgCl_(2) priming as the optimum *** result suggests MgCl_(2) priming worked synergistically and improved seed-ling growth attributes under greenhouse *** chlorophyll content ranged 25.94–35.69 SPAD *** highest chlorophyll content was obtained from the seedlings obtained from 4 h CaCl_(2) treatment,which were statistically similar to the chlorophyll contents of the seedlings obtained after 8 h MgCl_(2) treatment and nontreated seeds(control treatment).All other treatments showed inhibition in the chlorophyll contents and growth attributes of the *** conclusion,MgCl_(2) osmopriming treatments were signiﬁcantly promotive and better compared to hydro-priming and osmopriming treatments including control treatment in terms of anise seeds germination and emergence.

关键词： Pimpinella anisum L seed treatment hydropriming osmopriming electrolytes leakage

Effect of modifying agents on the hydrophobicity and yield of zinc borate synthesized by zinc oxide

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第6期20卷 574-581页

作者： nil Baran Acarali Melek Bardakci Nurcan Tugrul Emek Moroydor Derun Sabriye Piskin Department of Chemical Engineering Y ld z Technical University

The aim of this study was to synthesize zinc borate using zinc oxide, reference boric acid, and reference zinc borate （reference ZB） as the seed, and to investigate the effects of modifying agents and reaction parameters on the hydrophobicity and yield, respectively. The reaction parameters include reaction time （1-5 h）, reactant ratio （H3BO3/ZnO by mass： 2-5）, seed ratio （seed crystal/（H3BO3＋ZnO） by mass： 0-2wt%）, reaction temperature （50-120~C）, cooling temperature （10-80~C）, and stirring rate （400-700 r/min）; the modifying agents involve propylene glycol （PG, 0-6wt%）, kerosene （lwt%-6wt%）, and oleic acid （OA, lwt%-6wt%） with solvents （isopropyl alcohol （IPA）, ethanol, and methanol）. The results of reaction yield obtained from either magnetically or mechanically stirred systems were compared. Zinc borate produced was characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, and contact angle tests to identify the hydrophobicity. In conclusion, zinc borate is synthesized successfully under the optimized reaction conditions, and the different modifying agents with various solvents affect the hydrophobicity of zinc borate.

关键词： zinc borate zinc oxide hydrophobicity yield

Evidence-based medical oncology and interventional radiology paradigms for liver-dominant colorectal cancer metastases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第11期22卷 3127-3149页

作者： Alan Alper Sag Fatih Selcukbiricik nil Molinas Mandel Division of Interventional Radiology Department of RadiologyKoc University School of Medicine Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal MedicineKoc University School of Medicine

Colorectal cancer metastasizes predictably, with liver predominance in most cases. Because liver involvement has been shown to be a major determinant of survival in this population, liver-directed therapies are increasingly considered even in cases where there is(limited) extrahepatic disease. Unfortunately, these patients carry a known risk of recurrence in the liver regardless of initial therapy choice. Therefore, there is a demand for minimally invasive, non-surgical, personalized cancer treatments to preserve quality of life in the induction, consolidation, and maintenance phases of cancer therapy. This report aims to review evidence-based conceptual, pharmacological, and technological paradigm shifts in parenteral and percutaneous treatment strategies as well as forthcoming evidence regarding next-generation systemic, locoregional, and local treatment approaches for this patient population.

关键词： Colonic neoplasms Rectal neoplasms Neoplasm metastasis Antineoplastic agents FOLFOX protocol Irinotecan 5-flurouracil and leucovorin protocol Radiofrequency ablation Microwave ablation Chemoembolization Therapeutic Immunotherapy

Cetirizine-induced hepatotoxicity:case series and review of the literature

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Gastroenterology Report 2018年第3期6卷 228-230,I0003页

作者： Adil Coskun Irfan Yavasoglu M.Hadi Yasa nil Culhaci Vahit Yukselen Department of Gastroenterology Adnan Menderes UniversitySchool of MedicineAydinTurkey Deparment of Hematology Adnan Menderes UniversitySchool of MedicineAydinTurkey Department of Pathology Adnan Menderes UniversitySchool of MedicineAydinTurkey

Drug-induced liver damage is a frequently encountered clinical table caused by many *** is a widely preferred and prescribed antihistaminic agent for allergic disorders due to its non-sedative *** view of the literature,we present four cases of hepatotoxicity due to cetirizine *** conclude that in patients with high levels of liver enzymes of unknown origin,cetirizine as well as other hepatotoxic drugs should be reconsidered.

关键词： cetirizine hepatotoxicity