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Antimicrobial and antispasmodic activity of leaf extract and fractions of Stachytarpheta cayennensis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第3期3卷 189-192页

作者： Okoye TC Akah PA okoli CO Ezike AC Mbaoji Fn Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nigeria

Objective:To investigate the antimicrobial activity of the methanol leaf extract(ME),n-hexane fraction(HF),ethylacetate fraction(EF) and methanol fraction(MF),of Stachytarpheta cayennensis ***(verbenaceae) as well as to ascertain the antispasmodic effects of the ME and the various fractions(HF,EF and MF) on acetylcholine(Ach) and histamine(H) induced contractions on isolated guinea pig ***:The in vitro agar well diffusion method was used for the antimicrobial studies while the isolated tissue method was employed for the antispasmodic test. Organisms used were all clinical isolates of Bacillus subtilis,Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Salmonella paratyphi,Candida albicans and Aspergillus ***:The extract and fractions exhibited dose dependent inhibition against all the bacteria tested and also exhibited insignificant antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Aspergillus *** minimum inhibitory concentration(MiC) of the extract and fractions(mg/mL) on Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella paratyphi respectively were ME 5.62,14.12,22.38,2.11;EF 1.25,6.30,9.40,9.40 and MF 3.98,8.81,39.80,*** n-hexane fraction exhibited MiC of 1.07 mg/mL against only Bacillus *** extract and fractions exhibited significant(Pndent attenuation of contractions induced by acetylcholine and histamine on isolated guinea pig *** of the extract and fractions(μg/mL) which evoked 50%inhibition of maximal response exhibited by Ach were ME 0.64,HF 0.16,EF 0.08 and MF 0.15,while that of histamine included ME 5.12,HF 0.16,EF 0.04 and MF *** phytochemical studies on the extract and fractions indicated the presence of carbohydrates,alkaloids,saponins,flavonoids,steroids and ***: The extract and fractions of Stachytarpheta cayennensis possessed both antibacterial and antispasmodic effects confirming the claimed use in folkloric medicine

关键词： Antimicrobial Antispasmodic Stachytarpheta cayennensis Acetylcholine Histamine

Mitotic Studies on <i>Combretum</i>Loefl. from nigeria

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第3期4卷 508-511页

作者： Chimezie Ekeke ikechukwu O. Agbagwa Bosa E. okoli Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria.

Cytological studies involving root-tip chromosomes of ten Combretum species belonging to the family Combretaceae from nigeriawere carried out. The result showed that C. platypterum, C. racemosum, C. constrictum, C. bracteatum and a yet to be identified Combretum sp.2 have a chromosome number of 2n = 26. Also, C. racemosum, C. zenkeri and Combretum sp.3 (yet to be identified) have a chromosome number of 2n = 39. A basic chromosome number of x = 13 for the genus is therefore proposed.

关键词： Combretum Combretaceae Cytology Mitotic Chromosomes

Epithelial ovarian cancer:An overview

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World Journal of Translational Medicine 2014年第1期3卷 1-8页

作者： Arpita Desai Jingyao Xu Kartik Aysola Yunlong Qin Chika okoli Ravipati Hariprasad Ugorji Chinemerem Candace Gates Avinash Reddy Omar Danner Geary Franklin Anachebe ngozi Guilherme Cantuaria Karan Singh William Grizzle Charles Landen Edward E Partridge Valerie Montgomery Rice E Shyam P Reddy Veena n Rao Department of internal Medicine University of Buffalo Erie County Medical Center Buffalo NY 14215 United States Department of OB/GYn Cancer Biology ProgramMorehouse School of Medicine Georgia Cancer Center for ExcellenceGrady Health SystemAtlantaGA 30303United States Department of internal Medicine Morehouse School of Medicine Grady Health System Atlanta GA 30303 United States Department of Surgery Morehouse School of Medicine Grady Health System Atlanta GA 30303 United States nCi Cancer Program Northside Hospital Atlanta GA 30342 United States University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center Birmingham AL 35294 United States

Ovarian cancer is the second most common gyneco-logical cancer and the leading cause of death in the United States. in this article we review the diagnosis and current management of epithelial ovarian cancer which accounts for over 95 percent of the ovarian malignancies. We will present various theories about the potential origin of ovarian malignancies. We will discuss the genetic anomalies and syndromes that may cause ovarian cancers with emphasis on Breast cancer type 1/2 mutations. The pathology and pathogenesis of ovarian carcinoma will also be presented. Lastly, we provide a comprehensive overview of treatment strategies and staging of ovarian cancer, conclusions and future directions.

关键词： Epithelial ovarian cancer Breast cancer type 1 Chemotherapy

Medical Morbidity Profile of Adults in a Rural Community in Enugu, Southeast nigeria: A Cross Sectional Survey

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Health 2023年第7期15卷 711-727页

作者： nkeiruka Chigekwu Mbadiwe Birinus Adikaibe Ezeala-Adikaibe Celestine Chibuzor Okwara Monday Umeh nwobodo Fintan C. Ekochin Casmir Orjioke nkiruka P. Onodugo Titus Okpara Denise Paul okoli Uzoma C. Okechukwu Mark Ezeme Obumneme B. Anyim Grace O. Eneh Obinna Donatus Onodugo innocent Okoye Uchenna n. ijoma Department of Medicine Enugu State University Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Medicine University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Memfys Hospital for neurosurgery Enugu Nigeria Anambra State University Teaching Hospital Awka Nigeria

introduction: People in rural communities are exposed to the risk factors for non-communicable disease as those in urban areas. Correct interpretation and management of symptoms are important in primary care especially in rural communities where diagnostic facilities are not readily available. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in a village in Enugu South Local Government area of Enugu State. Thorough medical history was taken from all eligible participants who gave their consent. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: Data from a total of 1019 (64.7%) out of 1576 participants were analysed. Fever was by far the most common presenting complaint 580 (56.9%) of all participants and 67.9% of medical complaints seen in the clinic. This was followed remotely by musculoskeletal problems and neurological problems 15.6% and 3.8% of the participants respectively. Across all age groups, febrile illness was more than non-febrile illness except in those 65 years. Generalized body pains 74 (7.3%), back pains 55 (5.1), headache 33 (3.2%) and abdominal pains 24 (2.4%) were the commonest symptoms presented by the participants. About 15 (1.5%) of the population surveyed had had trauma/surgery in the past. This was twice the number who presented to the clinic with symptoms related to injury and trauma 7 (0.7%). Conclusions: Fever and musculoskeletal pains are the dominant medical complaints presented by adults in a rural community clinic. This may be related to the season of the year and the occupation of the population studied.

关键词： Symptoms infectious Diseases non-Communicable Diseases Rural Community Southeast nigeria