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Reflecting laser-driven shocks in diamond in the megabar pressure range

High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第1期9卷 29-41页

作者： K.Jakubowska D.Mancelli R.Benocci J.Trela I.Errea A.S.Martynenko P.Neumayer o.rosmej B.Borm A.Molineri C.Verona D.Cannatà A.Aliverdiev H.E.Roman D.Batani IPPLM Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion WarsawPoland CNRS CEACELIAUniversite de BordeauxTalenceFrance Donostia International Physics Center(DIPC) Donostia-San SebastianBasque CountrySpain Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Milano-BicoccaMilanoItaly Fisika Aplikatua 1 Saila Ingeniaritza EskolaUniversity of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)Basque CountrySpain&Centro de Física de Materiales(CSIC-UPV/EHU)Donostia/San SebastianBasque CountrySpain Department of Plasma Physics National Research Nuclear University MEPh IMoscowRussia Joint Institute for High Temperature RAS MoscowRussia GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH DarmstadtGermany Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdegli studi di Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems-CNR RomaItaly IGRRE-Joint Institute for High Temperatures RAS MakhachkalaRussia Department of Physics“G.occhialini” University of Milano-BicoccaMilanoItaly

In this work we present experimental results on the behavior of diamond at megabar pressure. The experiment was performed using the PHELIX facility at GSI in Germany to launch a planar shock into solid multi-layered diamond samples. The target design allows shock velocity in diamond and in two metal layers to be measured as well as the free surface velocity after shock breakout. As diagnostics, we used two velocity interferometry systems for any reflector(VISARs). our measurements show that for the pressures obtained in diamond(between 3 and 9 Mbar),the propagation of the shock induces a reflecting state of the material. Finally, the experimental results are compared with hydrodynamical simulations in which we used different equations of state, showing compatibility with dedicated SESAME tables for diamond.

关键词： carbon dynamic compression equation of state shock wave VISAR

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Transient electromagnetic fields generated in experiments at the PHELIX laser facility

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第4期9卷 212-225页

作者： M.Scisciò F.Consoli M.Salvadori N.E.Andreev N.G.Borisenko S.Zähter o.rosmej ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety Department00044 FrascatiItaly Joint Institute for High Temperatures Russian Academy of Sciences125412 MoscowRussia Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology(National Research University) 141701 MoscowRussia P.N.Lebedev Physical Institute Russian Academy of Sciences119991 MoscowRussia GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH 64291 DarmstadtGermany Goethe University Frankfurt 60438 Frankfurt am MainGermany

Large-amplitude electromagnetic radiofrequency fields are created by the charge-separation induced in interactions of high-intensity,short-pulse lasers with solid targets and have intensity that decreases with the distance from the ***,it was experimentally proved very recently that charged particles emitted by petawatt laser±target interactions can be deposited on a capacitor-collector structure,far away from the target,and lead to the rapid(nanosecond-scale)generation of large quasi-static electric fields(MV/m),over wide *** demonstrate here the generation of both these fields in experiments at the PHELIX laser facility,with approximately 20 J energy and approximately 10^(19)W/cm^(2)intensity,for picoseconds laser pulses,interacting with pre-ionized polymer foams of near critical ***-static fields,up to tens of k V/m,were here observed at distances larger than 1 m from the target,with results much higher than the radiofrequency *** is of primary importance for inertial-confinement fusion and laser±plasma acceleration and also for promising applications in different scenarios.

关键词： electromagnetic pulse mitigation electromagnetic pulses laser-driven acceleration laser-plasma

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Time-of-flight methodologies with large-area diamond detectors for ion characterization in laser-driven experiments

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2022年第1期10卷 53-63页

作者： M.Salvadori G.Di Giorgio M.Cipriani M.Sciscio C.Verona P.L.Andreoli G.Cristofari R.De Angelis M.Pillon N.E.Andreev P.Antici N.G.Borisenko D.Giulietti M.Migliorati o.rosmej S.Zahter F.Consoli Fusion and Nuclear Safety Department ENEAFrascatiItaly INRS-EMT VarennesQCCanada Industrial Engineering Department University of Rome"Tor Vergata"RomeItaly Joint Institute for High Temperatures RASMoscowRussia P.N.Lebedev Physical Institute RASMoscowRussia Department of Physics University of PisaPisaItaly INFN of Pisa PisaItaly University of Rome“La Sapienza” RomeItaly INFN of Rome RomeItaly GSI Helmotzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH DarmstadtGermany Goethe University Frankfurt FrankfurtGermany

The time-of-flight technique coupled with semiconductor detectors is a powerful instrument to provide real-time characterization of ions accelerated because of laser-matter ***,the presence of strong electromagnetic pulses(EMPs)generated during the interactions can severely hinder its *** this reason,the diagnostic system must be designed to have high EMP *** we present a new advanced prototype of detector,developed at ENEA-Centro Ricerche Frascati(Italy),with a large-area(15 mm×15 mm)polycrystalline diamond sensor having 150 μm *** tailored detector design and testing ensure high sensitivity and,thanks to the fast temporal response,high-energy resolution of the reconstructed ion *** detector was offline calibrated and then successfully tested during an experimental campaign carried out at the PHELIX laser facility(E_(L)~100 J,τ_(L)=750 fs,I_(L)(1-2.5)×10^(19)W/cm^(2))at GSI(Germany).The high rejection to EMP fields was demonstrated and suitable calibrated spectra of the accelerated protons were obtained.

关键词： diamond detector ion diagnostics laser-matter interaction time of flight

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Characterization of bright betatron radiation generated by direct laser acceleration of electrons in plasma of near critical density

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 26-35页

作者： J.Cikhardt M.Gyrdymov S.Zähter P.Tavana M.M.Günther N.Bukharskii N.Borisenko J.Jacoby X.F.Shen A.Pukhov N.E.Andreev o.N.rosmej Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague16627 Prague 6Czech Republic Goethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany Focused Energy GmbH Im Tiefen See 4564293 DarmstadtGermany National Research Nuclear University MEPhI Kashirskoe shosse 31115409 MoscowRussian Federation Lebedev Physical Institute RAS Leninskiy Prospekt 53119991 MoscowRussian Federation Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1DüsseldorfGermany Joint Institute for High Temperatures RASIzhorskaya st.13Bldg.2125412 MoscowRussian Federation Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Institutskiy Pereulok 9141700 DolgoprudnyRussia

Directed x-rays produced in the interaction of sub-picosecond laser pulses of moderate relativistic intensity with plasma of near-critical density are investigated. Synchrotron-like (betatron) radiation occurs in the process of direct laser acceleration (DLA) of electrons in a relativisticlaser channel when the electrons undergo transverse betatron oscillations in self-generated quasi-static electric and magnetic fields. In anexperiment at the PHELIX laser system, high-current directed beams of DLA electrons with a mean energy ten times higher than the ponderomotive potential and maximum energy up to 100 MeV were measured at 10^(19) W/cm^(2)laser intensity. The spectrum of directed x-raysin the range of 5–60 keV was evaluated using two sets of Ross filters placed at 0°and 10°to the laser pulse propagation axis. The differential x-ray absorption method allowed for absolute measurements of the angular-dependent photon fluence. We report 10^(13) photons/sr withenergies >5 keV measured at 0°to the laser axis and a brilliance of 10^(21) photons s^(−1) mm^(−2) mrad−2(0.1%BW)−1. The angular distributionof the emission has an FWHM of 14°–16°. Thanks to the ultra-high photon fluence, point-like radiation source, and ultra-short emissiontime, DLA-based keV backlighters are promising for various applications in high-energy-density research with kilojoule petawatt-class laserfacilities.

关键词： laser acceleration critical

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Stability analysis of a time-delayed Van der Pol–Helmholtz–Duffing oscillator in fractal space with a non-perturbative approach

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第4期76卷 22-31页

作者： Yusry o El-Dib Department of Mathematics Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt

The time-delayed fractal Van der Pol–Helmholtz–Duffing(VPHD)oscillator is the subject of this paper,which explores its mechanisms and highlights its stability *** time-delayed technologies are currently garnering significant attention,the focus of this research remains crucially relevant.A non-perturbative approach is employed to refine and set the stage for the system under *** innovative methodologies introduced yield an equivalent linear differential equation,mirroring the inherent nonlinearities of the ***,the incorporation of quadratic nonlinearity into the frequency formula represents a cutting-edge *** analytical solution's validity is corroborated using a numerical *** conditions are ascertained through the residual Galerkin ***,it is observed that the delay parameter,in the context of the fractal system,reverses its stabilizing influence,impacting both the amplitude of delayed velocity and the *** analytical solution's precision is underscored by its close alignment with numerical ***,the study reveals that fractal characteristics emulate damping *** its applicability across diverse nonlinear dynamical systems,this non-perturbative approach emerges as a promising avenue for future research.

关键词： Van der Pol-Helmholtz-Duffing oscillator fractal space time-delay non-perturbative approach stability analysis El-Dib's frequency formula

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Sensing nanoscale electromagnetic forces when the heat is on

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 64-65页

作者： Eric o.Potma Department of Chemistry University of California

In scanning probe microscopy(SPM),a sharp tip scans across a sample to produce an image with nanometer-scale resolution or better. SPM contrast is derived from the physical interplay between the tip and the sample. A special class of SPM techniques measures forces when the tip–sample junction is illuminated by an external light source. Photo-induced forces can be sensitive to the optical properties of the sample, thus enabling nanoscale imaging with spectroscopic,material-specific contrast.

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Making topological protein links using enzymatic reactions

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 50-51页

作者： Roger Castells-Graells Todd o.Yeates Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California UCLA-DoE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics

Proteins are exceedingly complex molecules though, at their heart, they are essentially linear polymers. Pull at their ends and one obtains an extended backbone. While that is true in most cases, some natural proteins... 详细信息

关键词： DESIGN

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A synthetic microbial community used as a bioinoculant can overcome rice production constraints in acid soils

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1085-1086页

作者： Maureen o’Callaghan Shengjing Shi Resilient Agriculture Group AgResearchLincolnChristcurch 8140New Zealand

A customised synthetic microbial community(SynCom)composed of carefully selected rhizosphere-competent bacterial strains improved rice growth,yield and resistance to soil acidity and Al toxicity.

关键词： soil soils rhizosphere

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Valorization of Tree Bark-Derived Suberin in Applications for the Bio-Based Composites Industry–A Recent Review

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第6期12卷 1029-1042页

作者： Aleksandra Jeżo Institute of Wood Sciences and Furniture SGGWNowoursynowska St.159Warsaw02-776Poland

Bark extracts are sustainable sources of biopolymers and hold great promise for replacing fossil fuel-based polymers,for example,in wood-based *** addition to primary and secondary metabolites,tree bark also contains suberin,which plays a major role in protecting the tree from environmental *** is a natural aliphatic-aromatic cross-linked polyester present in the cell walls of both normal and damaged external tissues,the main component of which are long-chain aliphatic *** main role as a plant ingredient is to protect against microbiological factors and water *** of the most important suberin monomers are suberin fatty acids,known for their hydrophobic and barrier ***,due to the diverse chemical composition of suberin,it is an attractive alternative to hydrocarbon-based *** its potential is recognized,it is not widely used in biocomposites technology,including wood-based composites and the polymer *** article will discuss the current knowledge about the potential of suberin and its components in biocomposites technology,which will include surface finishes,composite adhesives and polymer blends.

关键词： Suberin suberinic acids wood composites biocomposites biopolyester

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Investigation of the effects of radial clearance on the screw conveyor performances for different inclinations

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Particuology 2024年第9期92卷 72-80页

作者： Berna Bolat Birgül Aşçıoğlu Temiztaş Enes Sezer Department of Mechanical Engineering Yıldız Technical University34349BeşiktaşİstanbulTurkey

Screw conveyors are widely used for bulk material *** study investigates the critical role of radial clearance,the gap between the screw and the conveyor body,on performance across various inclination *** Discrete Element Method(DEM)is employed to analyze the effects of different radial clearances on conveyor performance for concrete aggregate and sand as bulk *** efficiencies and capacity losses serve as key performance indicators,quantitatively assessed for each radial clearance and inclination *** validation is conducted to corroborate the *** the study,the optimal radial clearance was identified as 1.5 to 3 times of the particle *** optimal clearance minimizes the material jamming and increases the performance for screw conveyors with different inclinations and bulk material types as a result.

关键词： Screw conveyors Radial clearance Discrete element method(DEM) Volumetric efficiency Conveyor performance

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