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Water-Extractable Carbon pools and Microbial Biomass Carbon in Sodic Water-Irrigated Soils Amended with Gypsum and organic Manures

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pedosphere 2013年第1期23卷 88-97页

作者： o.p.choudhary J.K.GILL BIJAY-SINGH Department of Soil Science Punjab Agricultural University School of Earth and Environment University of Western Australia

Microbial biomass carbon (MBC), a small fraction of soil organic matter, has a rapid turnover rate and is a reservoir of labile nutrients. The water-extractable carbon pools provide a fairly good estimate of labile C present in soil and can be easily quantified. Changes in soil MBC and water-extractable organic carbon pools were studied in a 14-year long-term experiment in plots of rice-wheat rotation irrigated with canal water (CW), sodic water (SW, 10-12.5 mmol c L-1 residual sodium carbonate), and SW amended with gypsum with or without application of organic amendments including farmyard manure (FYM), green manure (GM), and wheat straw (WS). Irrigation with SW increased soil exchangeable sodium percentage by more than 13 times compared to irrigation with CW. Sodic water irrigation significantly decreased hot water-extractable organic carbon (HWoC) from 330 to 286 mg kg-1 soil and cold water-extractable organic carbon (CWoC) from 53 to 22 mg kg-1 soil in the top 0-7.5 cm soil layer. In the lower soil layer (7.5-15 cm), reduction in HWoC was not significant. Application of gypsum alone resulted in a decrease in HWoC in the SW plots, whereas an increase was recorded in the SW plots with application of both gypsum and organic amendments in both the soil layers. Nevertheless, application of gypsum and organic amendments increased the mean CWoC as compared with application of gypsum alone. CWoC was significantly correlated with MBC but did not truly reflect the changes in MBC in the treatments with gypsum and organic amendments applied. For the treatments without organic amendments, HWoC was negatively correlated with MBC (r = 0.57*) in the 0-7.5 cm soil layer, whereas for the treatments with organic amendments, both were positively correlated. Irrigation with SW significantly reduced the rice yield by 3 t ha-1 and the yield of rice and wheat by 5 t ha-1 as compared to irrigation with canal water. Application of amendments significantly increased rice and wheat yields.

关键词： cold water exchangeable sodium percentage hot water organic carbon yield

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Evaluation of subtropical ornamental trees for reclaiming salinity affected lands

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第3期31卷 807-817页

作者： Jagreeti Gupta R.K.Dubey Nirmaljit Kaur o.p.choudhary punjab Agricultural University LudhianaPunjab 141004India

This study was conducted to evaluate the tolerance of 1-year-old seedlings of ten subtropical ornamental tree species against a range of salinity levels of Na Cl from May 2015 to october 2015. The levels were further enhanced from November to April 2017 as 100% survival was observed in the initial concentrations for all *** seedlings were grown during the first week of April2015 in 1000 earthen pots containing soil: farmyard manure(2:1), irrigated with tap water for 1 month followed by saline irrigation in May by maintaining electrical conductivity at 0.75, 1.00, 1.25, 1.50, 2.25, and 3.00 d S/m for 30,40, 50, 60, 90, and 120 m M Na Cl. Every 3 months,heights, relative leaf water content, and percent survival were determined;total soluble sugars of the upper leaves of each tree were quantified. All species exhibited consistent early growth and survival when supplied with 30, 40, 50 and 60 m M of Na Cl. Koelreutaria paniculata, Ficus benjamina, putranjiva roxburghii, Bauhinia purpurea and Millettia ovalifolia were sensitive to elevated salinity levels and did not survive at the highest salt concentrations of 90 and 120 m M.

关键词： Saline irrigation ornamental trees Relative leaf water content Survival osmolytes

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Temporal and spatial compliance behaviour of pedestrians under the influence of time pressure at signalized intersections:A pedestrian simulator study

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第1期11卷 55-68页

作者： Apurwa Dhoke pushpa choudhary Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeRoorkee 247667India

pedestrian safety is at high stakes due to the non-compliance practices of pedestrians at signalized ***,when pedestrians are hurrying,they deliberately engage in such unsafe ***,the purpose of this study was to understand how time pressure(i.e.,feeling of hurry or saving time)affected pedestrians'decisions to follow traffic rules at signalized *** achieve the study objectives,a pedestrian simulator setup was used to collect the crossing behaviour of forty participants at a four-legged signalized ***-compliance,one of the riskiest pedestrian behaviours,was examined with respect to three different forms,comprising dangerous temporal non-compliance(D-TNC),non-dangerous temporal non-compliance(ND-TNC),and spatial non-compliance(SNC)behaviour under two distinct conditions:baseline(i.e.,no time pressure)and time pressure *** effects of demographics,usual walking features,and time pressure on D-TNC and ND-TNC were investigated using a multinomial regression model,while SNC behaviour was investigated using a binary regression *** was interesting to note that the majority of the factors related to pedestrians’usual walking behaviour had an impact on all kinds of non-compliance ***,the results also showcased that time pressure had a contrasting impact on D-TNC and ND-TNC behaviour whereas SNC behaviour increased under time ***,the varying impacts of D-TNC,ND-TNC,and SNC were also reflected in the occurrence of the crashes,which were probably triggered by discrepancies in the influence of time pressure on non-compliance *** findings highlight the need for technical solutions,educational outreach,and efficient enforcement practices to reduce pedestrians'non-compliant behaviour.

关键词： Signalized intersection Time pressure pedestrians Temporal compliance Spatial compliance pedestrian simulator

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A Review of Lightweight Security and privacy for Resource-Constrained IoT Devices

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 31-63页

作者： Sunil Kumar Dilip Kumar Ramraj Dangi Gaurav choudhary Nicola Dragoni Ilsun You Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology JamshedpurJamshedpurIndia School of Computing Science and Engineering VIT University BhopalBhopal466114India Center for Industrial Software The Maersk Mc-Kinney Moller InstituteUniversity of Southern DenmarkSonderborgOdenseDenmark Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Technical University of DenmarkLyngby2800Denmark Department of Information Security Cryptologyand MathematicsKookmin UniversitySeoulSouth Korea

The widespread and growing interest in the Internet of Things(IoT)may be attributed to its usefulness in many different *** settings are probed for data,which is then transferred via linked *** are several hurdles to overcome when putting IoT into practice,from managing server infrastructure to coordinating the use of tiny *** it comes to deploying IoT,everyone agrees that security is the biggest *** is due to the fact that a large number of IoT devices exist in the physicalworld and thatmany of themhave constrained resources such as electricity,memory,processing power,and square *** research intends to analyse resource-constrained IoT devices,including RFID tags,sensors,and smart cards,and the issues involved with protecting them in such restricted *** lightweight cryptography,the information sent between these gadgets may be *** order to provide a holistic picture,this research evaluates and contrasts well-known algorithms based on their implementation cost,hardware/software efficiency,and attack resistance *** also emphasised how essential lightweight encryption is for striking a good cost-to-performance-to-security ratio.

关键词： IoT a sensor device lightweight cryptography block cipher smart card security and privacy

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prediabetes in children and adolescents:A ticking bomb!

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World Journal of Clinical pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 11-15页

作者： Anju Gupta Nitin choudhary Nishkarsh Gupta Department of Anesthesiology Pain Medicine and Critical CareAll India Institute of Medical ScienceNew Delhi 110076India Department of onco-Anesthesiology and palliative Medicine All India Institute of Medical ScienceNew Delhi 110029India

prediabetes in children and adolescents is on the rise which has drawn significant attention over the past *** is an early warning sign of the underlying pathophysiological changes which in due course of time might compound into type II diabetes *** incidence of prediabetes in adolescents ranges from 4%-23%which is alarmingly high and requires active intervention from the *** have discussed early identification of high-risk patients,prompt screening and active intervention to manage this growing problem.

关键词： prediabetes Children Adolescents Glucose metabolism Complications

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A Novel Multi-objective protection Coordination Scheme for a Microgrid with optimal Deployment of Dual-setting RoCoV Based Relays

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protection and Control of Modern power Systems 2024年第4期9卷 23-38页

作者： praveen Kumar Gupta priyanshul Niranjan Niraj Kumar choudhary Nitin Singh Ravindra Kumar Singh the Department of Electrical Engineering Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology AllahabadPrayagraj 211004India

Relay coordination is crucial in electrical power systems to protect against malfunctions and damage caused by unexpected events like short *** address the challenge associated with the reverse direction of fault current,dual-setting(DS)directional over-current relays have evolved but failed to provide proper coordination during changes of load,generation,and *** the meantime,with the increasing number of DS relays,the total relay operating time tends to ***,this paper proposes a protection scheme based on the optimal deployment of conventional and dual-setting rate of change of voltage(DS-RoCoV)relays in distribution *** holds true for varying network topologies and is unaffected by variations in load and *** objective of the proposed scheme is to ensure reliable and efficient protection against faults in distribution systems by minimizing the overall operating time with the optimal number of DS-RoCoV *** proposed protection scheme’s performance is evaluated for different coordination time interval values as well as in different microgrid *** paper outlines the design and implementation of the proposed protection scheme which is validated on the modified IEEE 14-bus system using simulations in Matlab/Simulink.

关键词： Coordination time interval DS-RoCoV relay multi-objective optimization optimal-deployment protection coordination

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SIRS epidemic modeling using fractional-ordered differential equations:Role of fear effect

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2024年第5期17卷 79-100页

作者： Shiv Mangal o.p.Misra Joydip Dhar School of Mathematics and Allied Sciences Jiwaji University GwaliorMadhya PradeshIndia Department of Mathematics Post Graduate College BinaMadhya PradeshIndia Department of Applied Sciences Atal Bihari Vajpayee-Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management GwaliorMadhya PradeshIndia

In this paper,an SIRS epidemic model using Grunwald-Letnikov fractional-order derivative is formulated with the help of a nonlinear system of fractional differential equations to analyze the effects of fear in the population during the outbreak of deadly infectious *** criteria for the spread or extinction of the disease are derived and discussed on the basis of the basic reproduction *** condition for the existence of Hopf bifurcation is discussed considering fractional order as a bifurcation ***,using the Grunwald-Letnikov approximation,the simulation is carried out to confirm the validity of analytic results *** the real data of CoVID-19 in India recorded during the second wave from 15 May 2021 to 15 December 2021,we estimate the model parameters and find that the fractional-order model gives the closer forecast of the disease than the classical *** the analytical results and numerical simulations presented in this study suggest different policies for controlling or eradicating many infectious diseases.

关键词： SIRS epidemic model fear effect Mittag-Leffler function Hopf bifurcation parameter estimation

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The Value of Traditional Medicine Should not be Underestimated-Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases

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Chinese Medicine and Culture 2024年第2期7卷 167-173页

作者： Yurii o Novikov Anait p Akopyan Bashkir State Medical University Republic of BashkortostanRussia 450008

Autoimmune diseases of the nervous system(ADNS)are characterized by the formation of a pronounced neurologic deficit and often lead to *** attention of doctors and researchers is increasingly attracted by complementary medicine as adjuvant or preventive therapy for various diseases,including autoimmune *** Chinese medicine(TCM)is a combination of treatment methods that include acupuncture,herbal medicine,dietetics,physical exercises,and other methods that are often used in conjunction with recognized approaches of official medical *** article describes the application of TCM techniques in autoimmune diseases of the nervous system,and demonstrates clinical experience in the use of acupuncture,herbal medicine,diets and physical *** and complementary medicine is an important and often underestimated healthcare resource,especially in the prevention and treatment of autoimmune diseases of the nervous system.

关键词： Autoimmune diseases Traditional Chinese medicine Nervous diseases

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prediction of rock fragmentation in a fiery seam of an open-pit coal mine in India

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第8期16卷 2879-2893页

作者： Mukul Sharma Bhanwar Singh choudhary Autar K.Raina Manoj Khandelwal Saurav Rukhiyar Department of Mining Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(ISM)Dhanbad826004India CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research Nagpur Research Center(Mining Technology)Nagpur440006India Institute of Innovation Science and SustainabilityFederation University AustraliaBallaratVIC3350Australia

Spontaneous combustion of coal increases the temperature in adjoining overburden strata of coal seams and poses a challenge when loading *** condition,known as hot-hole blasting,is dangerous due to the increased possibility of premature explosions in loaded ***,it is crucial to load the blastholes with an appropriate amount of explosives within a short period to avoid premature detonation caused by high temperatures of ***,it will help achieve the desired fragment *** study tried to ascertain the most influencial variables of mean fragment size and their optimum values adopted for blasting in a fiery *** on blast design,rock mass,and fragmentation of 100 blasts in fiery seams of a coal mine were collected and used to develop mean fragmentation prediction models using soft computational *** coefficient of determination(R^(2)),root mean square error(RMSE),mean absolute error(MAE),mean square error(MSE),variance account for(VAF)and coefficient of efficiency in percentage(CE)were calculated to validate the *** indicates that the random forest algorithm(RFA)outperforms the artificial neural network(ANN),response surface method(RSM),and decision tree(DT).The values of R^(2),RMSE,MAE,MSE,VAF,and CE for RFA are 0.94,0.034,0.027,0.001,93.58,and 93.01,*** parametric sensitivity analyses(MpSAs)of the input variables showed that the Schmidt hammer rebound number and spacing-to-burden ratio are the most influencial variables for the blast fragment *** analysis was finally used to define the best blast design variables to achieve optimum fragment size from *** optimum factor values for RFA of S/B,ld/B and ls/ld are 1.03,1.85 and 0.7,respectively.

关键词： Fiery seam Rock fragmentation Response Surface Method(RSM) Artificial Neural Network(ANN) Random Forest Algorithm(RFA) Multiple parametric Sensitivity Analysis (MpSA)

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Is it possible to run after positive affective experiences instead of health benefits without tackling social inequalities?

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 756-758页

作者： Raphael H.o.Araujo Andre o.Werneck Gilmar M.de Jesus Danilo R.p.Silva Graduation program in Health Sciences Londrina State UniversityLondrina 86057-970Brazil School of public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbane QLD 4006Australia Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthUniversidade de Sao Paulo(USP)Sao Paulo 01246-904Brazil Department of psychological Medicine Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondon SE58AFUK public Health post-Graduate program State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de Santana 44036-900Brazil Department of physical Education Federal University of SergipeSao Cristovao 490100-000Brazil

We recently read the opinion piece titled“Why people should run after positive affective experiences instead of health benefits”,which was carried out by Maltagliati et al.^(1)and published in the Journal of Sport and Health *** article started an important discussion about a physical activity(pA)promotion approach that encourages the use of affective experience to pA *** we agree with the authors’point of view and believe that its message can generate an important insight for pA promotion,the authors presented a scenario where behavior change seems to be exclusively dependent on the *** the existence of other barriers to an active lifestyle(e.g.,social inequalities)could enhance the authors’suggested approach because many people live in conditions that reduce their opportunities to engage in affective experiences related to pA;furthermore,affective experiences can vary depending on individual context.

关键词： promotion inequalities furthermore

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