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Spectroscopy and Microscopy Using Monochromated XPS

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Spectroscopy and Microscopy Using Monochromated XPS

Application of dynamic image analysis to the optical characterisation of fibrous bulk material

2001年纳米和表面科学与技术全国会议

作者： M.Sander M.Merkel M.Escher J.Settemeyer D.Funnemann A.oelsner Ch.Ziethen o.schmidt M.Klais G.Schnhense oMICRoN GmbH D-65232 TaunussteinGermany FoCUS GmbH D-65510 Hunstetten-GorsrothGermany Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat D-55099 MainzGermany

Monochromated X-rays are widely used for the examination of the chemical states and composition of surfaces using photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In parallel to the rapid development towards nanotechnology, the requirements for high resolution element specific imaging is increasing. Latest developments in electron spectroscopy and microscopy using monochromated X-rays will be presented.

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 51-60页

作者： Johannes Lunewski Eberhard schmidt Institute of Particle Technology University of WuppertalGermany

Dynamic image analysis provides an automated evaluation method to determine the size and shape of multiple particles. This method represents a common application for ordinary bulk material. The latest draft of ISo 13322–2:2021 describes the state of the art, but lacks instructions for handling fibrous bulk material. Interlocking fibres complicate the measurement conditions and require a disentanglement of fibrous samples during a pre-dispersion step. A further error source includes the fibre orientation inside the measurement zone of the device. If the thresholding algorithm fails to differentiate between the fibre projection area and the background, a subsequent image optimisation solves the problem. This article addresses the mentioned problems by analysing cotton cellulose and polyacrylonitrile fibres. Besides the execution of a pre-dispersion step, the experiments compare the discrepancies between dry and wet dispersion. Here, the software packages PAQXoS and ImageJ perform the image evaluation. In this case, the wet dispersion setup with a subsequent image evaluation by ImageJ provides comprehensible results.

关键词： Bootstrap method Dynamic image analysis Fibre diameter Fibre length distribution Natural fibres Synthetic fibres

Mechanistic modeling of copper corrosions in data center environments

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Building Simulation 2024年第3期17卷 483-492页

作者： Rui Zhang Jianshun Zhang Roger schmidt Jeremy L.Gilbert Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering College of Engineering and Computer ScienceSyracuse UniversitySyracuseNY13244USA Buildings and Transportation Science Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37830USA SyracuseCoE-New York Center of Excellence in Environmental and Energy Systems Syracuse University727 E.Washington StreetSyracuseNY13244USA Department of Bioengineering Clemson UniversityClemson-Medical University of South Carolina Bioengineering ProgramCharlestonSC29425USA

Air-side economizers are increasingly used to take advantage of“free-cooling”in data centers with the intent of reducing the carbon footprint of ***,they can introduce outdoor pollutants to indoor environment of data centers and cause corrosion damage to the information technology *** evaluate the reliability of information technology equipment under various thermal and air-pollution conditions,a mechanistic model based on multi-ion transport and chemical reactions was *** model was used to predict Cu corrosion caused by Cl_(2)-containing pollutant *** also accounted for the effects of temperature(25℃and 28℃),relative humidity(50%,75%,and 95%),and *** also identified higher air temperature as a corrosion barrier and higher relative humidity as a corrosion accelerator,which agreed well with the experimental *** average root mean square error of the prediction was 13.7Å.The model can be used to evaluate the thermal guideline for data centers design and operation when Cl_(2)is present based on pre-established acceptable risk of corrosion in data centers’environment.

关键词： chloride pollutant mixture copper corrosion model data center temperature relative humidity synergistic effect

Transfer learning from synthetic data for open-circuit voltage curve reconstruction and state of health estimation of lithium-ion batteries from partial charging segments

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 80-97页

作者： Tobias Hofmann Jacob Hamar Bastian Mager Simon Erhard Jan Philipp schmidt Chair of Systems Engineering for Electrical Energy Storage University of BayreuthWeiherstraße 26Bayreuth95448BavariaGermany BMW Group Petuelring 130Munich80809BavariaGermany

Data-driven models for battery state estimation require extensive experimental training data,which may not be available or suitable for specific tasks like open-circuit voltage(oCV)reconstruction and subsequent state of health(SoH)*** study addresses this issue by developing a transfer-learning-based oCV reconstruction model using a temporal convolutional long short-term memory(TCN-LSTM)network trained on synthetic data from an automotive nickel cobalt aluminium oxide(NCA)cell generated through a mechanistic model *** data consists of voltage curves at constant temperature,C-rates between C/30 to 1C,and a SoH-range from 70%to 100%.The model is refined via Bayesian optimization and then applied to four use cases with reduced experimental nickel manganese cobalt oxide(NMC)cell training data for higher use *** TL models’performances are compared with models trained solely on experimental data,focusing on different C-rates and voltage *** results demonstrate that the oCV reconstruction mean absolute error(MAE)within the average battery electric vehicle(BEV)home charging window(30%to 85%state of charge(SoC))is less than 22 mV for the first three use cases across all *** SoH estimated from the reconstructed oCV exhibits an mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)below 2.2%for these *** study further investigates the impact of the source domain on TL by incorporating two additional synthetic datasets,a lithium iron phosphate(LFP)cell and an entirely artificial,non-existing,cell,showing that solely the shifting and scaling of gradient changes in the charging curve suffice to transfer knowledge,even between different cell chemistries.A key limitation with respect to extrapolation capability is identified and evidenced in our fourth use case,where the absence of such comprehensive data hindered the TL process.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery State of health estimation Transfer learning oCV curve Partial charging Synthetic data

Stability analysis of a time-delayed Van der Pol–Helmholtz–Duffing oscillator in fractal space with a non-perturbative approach

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第4期76卷 22-31页

作者： Yusry o El-Dib Department of Mathematics Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt

The time-delayed fractal Van der Pol–Helmholtz–Duffing(VPHD)oscillator is the subject of this paper,which explores its mechanisms and highlights its stability *** time-delayed technologies are currently garnering significant attention,the focus of this research remains crucially relevant.A non-perturbative approach is employed to refine and set the stage for the system under *** innovative methodologies introduced yield an equivalent linear differential equation,mirroring the inherent nonlinearities of the ***,the incorporation of quadratic nonlinearity into the frequency formula represents a cutting-edge *** analytical solution's validity is corroborated using a numerical *** conditions are ascertained through the residual Galerkin ***,it is observed that the delay parameter,in the context of the fractal system,reverses its stabilizing influence,impacting both the amplitude of delayed velocity and the *** analytical solution's precision is underscored by its close alignment with numerical ***,the study reveals that fractal characteristics emulate damping *** its applicability across diverse nonlinear dynamical systems,this non-perturbative approach emerges as a promising avenue for future research.

关键词： Van der Pol-Helmholtz-Duffing oscillator fractal space time-delay non-perturbative approach stability analysis El-Dib's frequency formula

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Sensing nanoscale electromagnetic forces when the heat is on

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 64-65页

作者： Eric o.Potma Department of Chemistry University of California

In scanning probe microscopy(SPM),a sharp tip scans across a sample to produce an image with nanometer-scale resolution or better. SPM contrast is derived from the physical interplay between the tip and the sample. A special class of SPM techniques measures forces when the tip–sample junction is illuminated by an external light source. Photo-induced forces can be sensitive to the optical properties of the sample, thus enabling nanoscale imaging with spectroscopic,material-specific contrast.

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A complete reference genome for the soybean ***

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Plant Communications 2024年第2期5卷 19-22页

作者： Yicheng Huang Dal-Hoe Koo Yizhou Mao Eliot M.Herman Jianwei Zhang Monica A.schmidt National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Wheat Genetics Resource Center Department of Plant PathologyKansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA BIo5 Institute School of Plant SciencesUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA

Dear Editors,Soybeans are a global commodity for their edible protein and vegetable *** global population is predicted to be 9.7 billion by 2050(UN,2022),with a concomitant drastic increase in protein *** already 2.4 billion people suffering from food insecurity(FAo et al.,2023),there is an urgent need to meet future production demands for plant-based proteins.

关键词： commodity soybean urgent

Making topological protein links using enzymatic reactions

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 50-51页

作者： Roger Castells-Graells Todd o.Yeates Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California UCLA-DoE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics

Proteins are exceedingly complex molecules though, at their heart, they are essentially linear polymers. Pull at their ends and one obtains an extended backbone. While that is true in most cases, some natural proteins... 详细信息

关键词： DESIGN

A synthetic microbial community used as a bioinoculant can overcome rice production constraints in acid soils

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1085-1086页

作者： Maureen o’Callaghan Shengjing Shi Resilient Agriculture Group AgResearchLincolnChristcurch 8140New Zealand

A customised synthetic microbial community(SynCom)composed of carefully selected rhizosphere-competent bacterial strains improved rice growth,yield and resistance to soil acidity and Al toxicity.

关键词： soil soils rhizosphere

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