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Basin Groundwater Recharge and Discharge in the Gully Erosion Prone Areas of Anambra, Nigeria

Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2011年第7期5卷 925-930页

作者： E.I. okoro B.C.E. Egboka E.I. okpoko o.l. anike E.K. Enekwechi Environmental Geochemistry Division National Geophysical Research Institute Hyderabad 500007 India Department of Geological Sciences Faculty of Natural Sciences Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka 420281 Nigeria Geology Department Faculty of Natural Sciences Anambra State University Uli 431124 Nigeria Works Department Federal Polytechnic Oko 423117 Nigeria

Anambra State of Nigeria is ravaged by ecological hazards of gully erosion and landslides. over 450 active gully and landslide sites with depths ranging from 5 m to over 120 m are concentrated on both sides of the Awka-Nanka-Umuchu-o.l. cuesta. The Idemili River and odo River form the major drainage basins of the area. The geomorphic characteristic of the cuesta/escarpment is a major contro.l.ng factor in groundwater recharge and discharge within the drainage basins. Rise in aquifer levels result in hydrogeotechnical implications of gully development and landslides. The calculated values of hydraulic properties of conductivity and transmissivity range from 1.20×10^-1 to 5.93×10^-1 cm/s and 1.15×10^5-13.05×10.3 m^2/s respectively. The values of groundwater velocity and groundwater discharge were 82 *** and 2.96×10^6 m^*** The plasticity index of the so.l.in the gully prone areas is relatively low ranging from 12.50-36.57%. The unique features of the geologic formations together with obtained aquifer characteristics favour gully/landslide hazards in the area.

关键词： Groundwater recharge/discharge drainage basin gully erosion landslides.

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碳纳米管纱在应力下的压阻效应:现象和影响因素(英文)

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新型炭材料 2018年第2期33卷 140-154页

作者： Jude C.anike Kalayu Belay Jandro.l.Abot Department of Mechanical Engineering The Catholic University of America Department of Physics Florida A&M University

碳纳米管因机械应力敏感特性而成为传感器的理想材料。单原子层厚度的石墨烯片卷曲而成的单壁碳纳米管具有大约1 nm的管径。碳纳米管纺丝形成纱,使其能够用于结构组份中。本文研究了碳纳米管纱的几何尺寸、力学性能和准静态应力加载速... 详细信息

碳纳米管因机械应力敏感特性而成为传感器的理想材料。单原子层厚度的石墨烯片卷曲而成的单壁碳纳米管具有大约1 nm的管径。碳纳米管纺丝形成纱,使其能够用于结构组份中。本文研究了碳纳米管纱的几何尺寸、力学性能和准静态应力加载速率对其压阻效应的影响。应力加载速率影响碳纳米管纱的失效机理和机电特性。高应力加载速率导致拉伸强度的增加和正压阻效应,而低应力加载速率引起较高的应力失效与负压阻效应。碳纳米管纱的压阻传感器系数随应力加载速率基本不变,但其对于应力水平和碳纳米管纱的几何尺寸具有高度依赖性。作为传感器所需的线性压阻关系在高应力加载速率下相关系数为0.995,而在低应力加载速率下相关系数只有0.832。

关键词：压阻效应碳纳米管传感器

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Nutrient Requirements and Fermentation Conditions for Mycelia and Crude Exo-Polysaccharides Production by <i>lentinus squarrosulus</i>

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2015年第8期6卷 526-536页

作者： Felicia N. anike omoanghe S. Isikhuemhen Dietrich Blum Hitoshi Neda Mushroom Biology and Fungal Biotechnology laboratory North Carolina A&T State University Greensboro USA Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI) Tsukuba Japan

lentinus squarrosulus Mont. is an emerging tropical white rot basidiomycete, with nutritional and medicinal benefits. low levels of commercial cultivation of the mushrooms limit their availability for use as food and medicine. Mycelia from submerged fermentation are a suitable alternative to the mushroom from l. squarrosulus. Three strains, 340, 339 and 218, were studied to determine optimum growth conditions for mycelia mass and crude exo-polysaccharides (CEPS) production. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with a factorial structure. Nutrients involving 8 carbon and 8 nitrogen sources were screened, and concentrations of the best sources were optimized. optimized nutrients, interaction between strains and other parameters such as agitation and medium volume were investigated to obtain optimum fermentation conditions for biomass and CEPS production. Biomass yield varied among strains depending on carbon or nitrogen nutrient sources. Starch and yeast extract at 30 and 25 g/l were identified as the most important nutrients in mycelia and CEPS production. Nutrient optimization resulted in a 3-fold increase in mycelia mass: 12.8, 10.0 and 15.3 g/l in strains 340, 339 and 218 respectively. There was a significant interaction between strain, agitation, and volume (p p = 0.02). Static conditions favored more polysaccharide production. optimized fermentation conditions resulted in very high increase in biomass: 238.1, 266.9 and 185.0 g/l in strains 340, 339 and 218 respectively. Results obtained co.l. be useful in modeling fermentation systems for large-scale production of mycelia mass, CEPS and other bio-products from l. squarrosulus.

关键词： Mycelia Mass Carbon and Nitrogen Requirements Exopolysaccharides lentinus squarrosulus Submerged Fermentation

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