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Ro.e o. the metabo.ism o. branched-chain amino.acids in the develo.ment o. Alzheimer’s disease and o.her metabo.ic diso.ders

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Neural Regeneratio. Research 2020年第8期15卷 1460-1470页

作者： Baruh Po.is Abraham o.Samso. Drug Disco.ery Labo.ato.y The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine Bar-Ilan University

Alzheimer’s disease is an incurable chro.ic neuro.egenerative diso.der and the leading cause o. dementia,impo.ing a gro.ing eco.o.ic burden upo. *** disease pro.ressio. is asso.iated with gradual depo.itio. o. amylo.d plaques and the fo.matio. o. neuro.ibrillary tangles within the brain parenchyma,yet severe dementia is the culminating phase o. the enduring *** evidence suggests that Alzheimer’s disease-related co.nitive decline is the o.tco.e o. an extremely co.plex and persistent patho.hysio.o.ical *** disease is characterized by distinctive abno.malities apparent at systemic,histo.o.ical,macro.o.ecular,and bio.hemical ***,besides the well-defined and self-evident characteristic pro.use neuro.ibrillary tangles,dystro.hic neurites,and amylo.d-beta depo.its,the Alzheimer’s disease-asso.iated patho.o.y includes neuro.nflammatio.,substantial neuro.al lo.s,apo.to.is,extensive DNA damage,co.siderable mito.ho.drial malfunctio.,co.pro.ised energy metabo.ism,and chro.ic o.idative ***,distinctive metabo.ic dysfunctio. has been named a leading cause and a hallmark o. Alzheimer’s disease that is apparent decades prio. to.disease ***-o.-theart metabo.o.ics studies demo.strate that altered branched-chain amino.acids(BCAAs)metabo.ism acco.panies Alzheimer’s disease *** plasma valine levels are co.related with accelerated co.nitive decline,and,co.versely,an increase in valine co.centratio. is asso.iated with reduced risk o. Alzheimer’s ***,a clear BCAAs-related metabo.ic signature has been identified in subjects with o.esity,diabetes,and ***,arginine metabo.ism is dramatically altered in Alzheimer’s disease human brains and animal ***,a po.ential ro.e o. the urea cycle in the Alzheimer’s disease develo.ment has been hypo.hesized,and preclinical studies utilizing interventio. in the urea cycle and/o. BCAAs metabo.ism have demo.strated clinical po.

关键词： arginase arginine branched-chain amino.ransferase BCAAs dementia mTo. no.valine urea cycle valine

Clinical management o. acute liver failure: Results o. an internatio.al multi-center survey

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Wo.ld Jo.rnal o. Gastro.ntero.o.y 2016年第33期22卷 7595-7603页

作者： Liane Rabino.ich Julia Wendo. William Bernal oren.Shibo.et Liver Unit Department of GastroenterologyTel-Aviv Medical Center and Tel-Aviv University Liver Intensive Therapy Unit Institute of Liver StudiesKing’s College Hospital

AIM To.assess the practice o. caring fo. acute liver failure(ALF) patients in varying geo.raphic lo.atio.s and medical *** Members o. the Euro.ean Acute Liver Failure Co.so.tium co.pleted an 88-item questio.naire detailing management o. ALF. Respo.ses fro. 22 transplantatio. centers in 11 co.ntries were analyzed,treating between 300 and 500 ALF cases and perfo.ming o.er 100 liver transplants(LT) fo. ALF annually. The questio.s pertained to.details o. the institutio. and their clinical activity,standards o. care,referral and admissio.,wardbased care versus intensive care unit(ICU) as well as questio.s regarding liver transplantatio.- including criteria,limitatio.s,and perceived perfo.mance. Clinical data was also.co.lected fro. 13 centres o.er a 3 mo.perio.. RESULTS The interval between referral and admissio. o. ALF patients to.specialized units was usually less than 24 h and o.ce admitted,treatment was pro.ided by a multidisciplinary team. Principles o. care o. patients with ALF were similar amo.g centers,particularly in relatio. to.reco.nitio. o. severity and care o. the mo.e critically ill. Centers exhibited similarities in thresho.ds fo. ICU admissio. and management o. severe hepatic encephalo.athy. o.er 80% o. centers administered n-acetyl-cysteine to.ICU patients fo. no.-paracetamo.related ALF. There was significant divergence in the use o. pro.hylactic antibio.ics and anti-fungals,lactulo.e,nutritio.al suppo.t and imaging investigatio.s in admitted patients and in the mo.ito.ing and treatment o. intra-cranial pressure(ICP). ICP mo.ito.ing was emplo.ed in 12 centers,with the mo.t co.mo. indicatio.s being papilledema and renal failure. Mo.t patients listed fo. transplantatio. underwent surgery within an average waiting time o. 1-2 d. o.er a perio. o. 3 mo.clinical data fro. 85 ALF patients was co.lected. o.erall patient survival at 90-d was 76%. Thirty six percent o. patients underwent emergency LT,with a 90% po.t transplant survival to.ho.pital disc

关键词： Acute liver failure Liver transplantatio. Intra-cranial pressure Hepatic encephalo.athy

o.yto.in and o.yto.in recepto. alteratio.s,decreased survival,and increased chemo.esistance in patients with pancreatic cancer

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Hepato.iliary & Pancreatic Diseases Internatio.al 2020年第2期19卷 175-180页

作者： Trisheena Harricharran o.o.unseun o.o.unwo.i Department o. Bio.o.ical Sciences Hunter College of The City University of New YorkNew YorkNY 10065USA The Graduate Center Departments o. Bio.o.y and Bio.hemistry The City University of New YorkNew YorkNY 10016USA Hunter Co.lege Center fo. Cancer Health Disparities Research(CCHDR) New YorkNY 10065USA Jo.n and Sanfo.d I.Weill Department o. Medicine Weill Cornell MedicineCornell UniversityNew YorkNY 10065USA

Backgro.nd:o.yto.in(o.T)and its recepto.(o.TR)is asso.iated with *** present study was to.investigate the co.relatio. between the genetic expressio. alteratio.s o. o.T and o.TR and the o.tco.es in patients with pancreatic cancer(PC).Metho.s:Info.matio. regarding o.T and o.TR genetic alteratio.s and changes in gene expressio. were retrieved fro. the Cancer Geno.e Atlas(TCGA)databases and analyzed using the cBio.o.tal o.line *** assessed the co.relatio. o. o.erall survival and disease/pro.ressio.-free mo.ths to.either o.T o. o.TR genetic alteratio.s and changes in gene expressio. using Kaplan-Meier and Co. regressio. *** PCR(qPCR)was co.ducted to.assess the mRNA expressio. levels o. o.T and o.TR in human PC cell ***:Five percent o. PC cases sho.ed mRNA upregulatio. in the o.T *** PC cases also.sho.ed genetic alteratio.s and changes in gene expressio. o. *** median mo.ths o. survival and disease-free survival were lo.er fo. PC cases with genetic alteratio.s and changes in gene expressio. in the o.T and o.TR genes as co.pared to.tho.e witho.t such *** data sho.ed that o.T and o.TR mRNA expressio. were 1-fo.d and 10-fo.d higher,respectively in PANC-1 cell lines as co.pared to.L3.6pl cell lines in direct negative co.relatio. with respo.siveness to.***:These data suggest that o.T and o.TR may po.entially be impo.tant in PC pro.ressio.,chemo.esistance,and patient survival,and po.entially co.ld have pro.no.tic and therapeutic implicatio.s in a subset o. PC patients.

关键词： o.yto.in o.yto.in recepto. Pancreatic cancer

Uncertainty analysis o. fo.est carbo. sink fo.ecast with varying measurement erro.s:a data assimilatio. appro.ch

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Jo.rnal o. Plant Eco.o.y 2011年第3期4卷 178-191页

作者： Ensheng Weng Yiqi Luo.Chao.Gao.Ram oren Department o. Bo.any and Micro.io.o.y The University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA Nicho.as Scho.l o. the Enviro.ment Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

Aims Accurate fo.ecast o. eco.ystem states is critical fo. impro.ing natural reso.rcemanagement and climate change *** o.served data into.mo.els is an effective way to.reduce uncertainties in eco.o.ical ***,influences o.measurement erro.s o. parameter estimatio. and fo.ecasted state changes have no. been carefully *** study analyzed the parameter identifiability o. a pro.ess-based eco.ystem carbo. cycle mo.el,the sensitivity o. parameter estimates and mo.el fo.ecasts to.the magnitudes o. measurement erro.s and the info.matio. co.tributio.s o. the assimilated data to.mo.el fo.ecasts with a data assimilatio. *** We applied a Marko. Chain Mo.te Carlo.metho. to.assimilate eight bio.etric data sets into.the Terrestrial *** data were the o.servatio.s o. fo.iage bio.ass,wo.d bio.ass,fine ro.t bio.ass,micro.ial bio.ass,litter fall,litter,so.l carbo. and so.l respiratio.,co.lected at the Duke Fo.est free-air Co.(2)enrichment facilities fro. 1996 to.*** levels o.measurement erro.swere assigned to.these data sets by halving and do.bling their o.iginal standard *** Findings Results sho.ed that o.ly less than half o. the 30 parameters co.ld be co.strained,tho.gh the o.servatio.s were extensive and themo.elwas relatively *** erro.s led to.higher uncertainties in parameters estimates and fo.ecasted carbo.(C)po.l *** lo.gterm predictio.s o. the slo. turno.er po.ls were affected less by the measurement erro.s than tho.e o. fast turno.er *** data co.tributed less info.matio. fo. the po.ls with lo.g residence times in lo.g-term *** results indicate the residence times o. C po.ls played a key ro.e in regulating pro.agatio. o. erro.s fro. measurements to.mo.el fo.ecasts in a data assimilatio. *** the estimatio. o. parameters o. slo.turno.er C po.ls is the key to.better fo.ecast lo.g-term eco.ystem C dynamics.

关键词： uncertainty analysis data assimilatio. Marko. Chain Mo.te Carlo.MCMC)metho. measurement erro. carbo. residence time info.matio. co.tributio.

Simulatio. o. Co.bustio. Flo. o. Methane Gas in a Premixed Lo.-Swirl Burner using a Partially Premixed Co.bustio. Mo.el

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Jo.rnal o. Thermal Science 2022年第5期31卷 1663-1681页

作者： XIAo.Caiyuan o.IDI Milad SURENDAR A. ALIZADEH As'ad Bo.o. Dmitry o. BINYAMIN To.HRAIE Davo.d Key Labo.ato.y o. Hunan Pro.ince fo. Efficient Po.er System and Intelligent Manufacturing Shaoyang422000China Co.lege o. Mechanical and Energy Engineering Shaoyang UniversityShaoyang422000China Department o. Mechanical Engineering Khomeinishahr BranchIslamic Azad UniversityKhomeinishahr119/84175Iran Department o. Pharmaco.o.y Saveetha dental College and hospitalSaveetha institute of medical and technical sciencesChennai602105India Faculty o. Engineering Soran UniversitySoran651Iraq Department o. Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of ZakhoZakho1653654Iraq Institute o. Pharmacy Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscow119991Russian Federation Department o. Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan TimurSamarinda75124Indonesia

Because the ro.atio.al current stabilizes the flame by creating a recirculatio. zo.e,it may increase the risk o. *** this reaso.,lo.-spin co.bustio. is used to.stabilize the flame while preventing ***,in this study,the co.bustio. flo. o. methane gas in a lo.-swirl burner is simulated using a partially premixed co.bustio. ***,the fuel flo. rate is co.sidered *** research parameters include swirl angle(θ=35°–47°),equivalence ratio.φ=0.6–0.9)and inlet axial flo. radius(R=0.6–0.7)and effect o. these parameters o. temperature distributio.,flame length,flame rise length,velo.ity field,and streamlines o. the number o. po.lutant species are *** co.to.rs o. streamline,temperature distributio.,and velo.ity distributio. are also.presented fo. analysis o. flo. *** results sho. that with increasing the fuel-air ratio.the strength o. the axial flo. decreases,and the po.itio. o. the maximum flame temperature shifts to.ard the inlet o. the *** results also.reveal that by increasing the swirl angle o. the flo.,the po.itio. o. the minimum velo.ity value(o.po.ite to.the directio. o. the axis)tends to.ards the *** results also.indicate that the maximum temperature o. the co.bustio. chamber increases with increasing the swirl angle,and inθ=35°,the maximum temperature is 1711℃and inθ=41°,this value is 1812℃.Finally,by increasing the swirl angle to.=47°,the maximum flame temperature po.itio. is fo.nd at a co.siderable distance fro. the inlet and is 1842℃.

关键词： swirl burner numerical simulatio. axial velo.ity premixed co.bustio. V-shaped flame

CFD simulatio. o. so.id-liquid stirred tanks fo. lo. to.dense so.id lo.ding systems

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Particuo.o.y 2016年第6期14卷 16-33页

作者： Divyamaan Wadnerkar Mo.es o. Tade Vishnu K. Pareek Ranjeet P. Utikar Department o. Chemical Engineering Curtin University Perth WA 6102 Australia

The hydro.ynamics o. suspensio. o. so.ids in liquids are critical to.the design and perfo.mance o. stirred tanks as mixing systems. Mo.elling a multiphase stirred tank at a high so.ids co.centratio. is co.plex o.ing to.particle-particle and particle-wall interactio.s which are generally neglected at lo. co.centra- tio.s. Mo.t mo.els do.no. co.sider such interactio.s and deviate significantly fro. experimental data. Furthermo.e, drag fo.ce, turbulence and turbulent dispersio. play a crucial ro.e and need to.be precisely kno.n in predicting lo.al hydro.ynamics. Therefo.e, critical facto.s such as the mo.elling appro.ch, drag, dispersio., co.fficient o. restitutio. and turbulence are examined and discussed exhaustively in this paper. The Euler-Euler appro.ch with kinetic theo.y o. granular flo., Syamlal-o.Brien drag mo.el and Reyno.ds stress turbulence mo.el pro.ide realistic predictio.s fo. such systems. The co.tributio. o. the turbulent dispersio. fo.ce in impro.ing the predictio. is marginal but canno. be neglected at lo. so.ids vo.ume fractio.s. Inferences drawn fro. the study and the finalised mo.els will be instrumen- tal in accurately simulating the so.ids suspensio. in stirred tanks fo. a wide range o. co.ditio.s. These mo.els can be used in simulatio.s to.o.tain precise results needed fo. an in-depth understanding o. hydro.ynamics in stirred tanks.

关键词： So.id-liquid stirred tanks Co.putatio.al fluid dynamics Simulatio. appro.ch Drag mo.el Turbulence mo.el

Effects o. 4-hexylreso.cino. o. the pheno.o.idase fro. Hyphantria cunea （Lepido.tera： Arctiidae）： In vivo.and in vitro.studies

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Insect Science 2015年第5期22卷 639-650页

作者： Mahbo.beh Sharifi Mo.ammad Ghadamyari Reza H. Sajedi No.rat o. Mahmo.di Department o. Plant Pro.ectio. Faculty of Agricultural Sciences University of Guilan Rasht Department o. Bio.hemistry Faculty of Biological Sciences Tarbiat Modares University Tehran and Department o. Chemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Guilan Rasht Iran

Insecticidal effects o. 4-hexylreso.cino., a pheno.o.idase （Po. inhibito., were determined o. Hyphantria cunea （Drury） under labo.ato.y co.ditio.s. The LC50 fo. the 15- d-o.d larvae was estimated to.be 2.95 g/L after 96 h expo.ure. The activities o. glutathio.e S-transferase （GST） and Po.sho.ed a decrease in larvae treated with 4-hexylreso.cino., and the IC50 o. GST and Po.were estimated to.be 0.8 and 0.43 g/L, respectively, 24 h after treatment. The Po.fro. the hemo.ymph o. fall webwo.m was purified by ammo.ium sulfate precipitatio., gel-filtratio., and io.-exchange chro.ato.raphy, and then enzymatic characteristics and the mechanism o. inhibitio. were determined using L-dihydro.yphenylalanine （L-Do.A） as the substrate. The purified Po.sho.ed a single band o. SDS-PAGE with a mo.ecular weight o. abo.t 70 kDa. The o.timum pH fo. Po.activity was o.served at pH 7.0, o.timum temperature was fo.nd to.be 45 ℃, and Po.activity was stro.gly inhibited by Zn2＋. IC50 values were estimated to.be 8.2, 19.14, and 24.04/zmo./L fo. 4-hexylreso.sino., ko.ic acid, and quercetin, respectively. The inhibito.y po.encies （i.e., 150 o. each co.po.nd/Is0 o. 4-hexylreso.cino.） o.ko.ic acid and quercetin o. H. cunea Po.were estimated to.be 1.87 and 2.89, respectively. 4-hexylreso.cino. was determined to.be a co.petitive inhibito., and ko.ic acid and quercetin were determined to.be mixed inhibito.s. Po.is o.e o. the mo.t impo.tant enzymes in an insect＇s immune system, and the use o.Po.inhibito.s seems to.be a pro.ising appro.ch fo. pest co.tro. due to.their po.ential safety fo. humans.

关键词： 4-hexylreso.cino. Hyphantria cunea IC5o inhibitio. mechanisms LCso pheno.o.idase

Characteristics o. Vertical Distributio.s o. Fatty Acids in Surface Sediments o. the Yello. Sea and East China Sea

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Jo.rnal o. o.ean University o. China 2018年第5期17卷 1123-1134页

作者： Lo.ES Evanildo.o. WANG Mengqi CHEN Ying YANG Guipeng DING Haibing Co.lege o. Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Key Labo.ato.y o. Marine Chemistry Theo.y and Techno.o.y Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 26610Q China China State Shipbuilding Co.po.atio. Electro.ics Techno.o.y Co.Ltd. Beijing 100015China Qingdao.Co.labo.ative Inno.atio. Center o. Marine Science and Techno.o.y Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 26610Q China Qingdao.Natio.al Labo.ato.y o. Marine Science and Techno.o.y Qingdao 266100China

Fatty acids(FAs) in sediment co.lected fro. three different statio.s in the Yello. Sea and the East China Sea were analyzed fo. their distributio.s and to.determine evidence o. harmful algal blo.ms in the sediment *** diverse FAs were fo.nd in the Yello. Sea(YS) statio.,whereas in the two.statio.s o. the East China Sea(ECS) the FAs were mo.e *** o. so.e FA species in the two.ECS statio.s displayed an o.casio.al surge in their vertical *** highest co.centratio. o. FAs was fo.nd in the surface layer o. statio. QT3(43.28 μg g^(-1)).Mo.o.nsaturated FAs were mo.e susceptible to.degradatio. co.pared to.their saturated co.nterparts,and changes o. 16:0,18:2 and 20:5 acco.nted fo. the mo.t variability in to.al co.centratio.s o. FAs as tho.e species made up mo.t o. the quantified *** o.igins o. the majo. fractio. o. FAs were attributed to.auto.ro.hic so.rces,and bacterial FAs acco.nted fo. o.ly a small fractio. o. the to.al FAs in the *** availability was a po.sible regulating facto. co.tro.ling bacteria abundances in marine sediments in the ECS and the YS.A principal co.po.ent analysis(PCA) was applied to.analyze the FA dataset and to.reveal the principal enviro.mental facto.s that co.tro. the co.po.itio. o. FAs in the ***2,which explains 15% o. the variance,was estimated to.reflect the diagenetic effects o. the FA co.po.itio.al changes in sediments influenced by bacterial degradatio..

关键词： fatty acids Yello. Sea East China Sea sediments diagenesis

A hybrid algo.ithm fo. reengineering the refractive index pro.ile o. inho.o.eneo.s co.tings fro. o.tical in-situ bro.dband mo.ito.ing data

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光学精密工程 2005年第4期13卷 487-491页

作者： S. Wilbrandt o. Stenzel D. Gbler N. Kaiser Friedrich-Schiller-Universitt Jena Institut für Angewandte Physik Max-Wien-Platz 1 07743 Jena GermanyFraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik Albert-Einstein-Str. 7 D-07745 Jena GermanyFraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik Albert-Einstein-Str. 7 D-07745 Jena GermanyFraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik Albert-Einstein-Str. 7 D-07745 Jena Germany

Reengineering the refractive index pro.ile o. inho.o.eneo.s co.tings is a tro.bleso.e task. Multiplicity o. so.utio.s may significantly reduced by pro.iding additio.al info.matio.. Fo. this reaso. an in-situ bro.dband mo.ito.ing system was develo.ed to.measure the transmittance o. the gro.ing film directly at the ro.ating substrate. Fo. characterizatio. o. these co.tings, a new mo.el was develo.ed, which significantly reduces the number o. parameters. The refractive index pro.ile may be described by a pro.er number o. equally spaced vo.ume fractio. values using the Bruggeman effective media appro.ch. A go.d initial appro.imatio. o. the refractive index pro.ile can be generated based o. depo.itio. rates fo. bo.h materials reco.ded with quartz crystal mo.ito. during manufacturing. During the o.timizatio. pro.ess, a seco.d o.der minimizatio. algo.ithm was used to.vary the refractive index pro.ile o. the who.e co.ting and film thickness o. the intermediate stages. Finally, a significantly impro.ed accuracy o. the mo.elled transmittance was achieved.

关键词：光学涂覆技术折射率宽带混合模型管理方式