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Temperature Trends and Accumulatio. o. Chill Ho.rs, Chill Units, and Chill Po.tio.s in So.th Caro.ina

Atmo.pheric and Climate Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 173-190页

作者： josé o. Payero Edisto.Research and Educatio. Center Clemson University Blackville SC USA Department o. Agricultural Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA

There is co.siderable co.cern abo.t the po.ential impact o. climate change o. agriculture, such as the accumulatio. o. chilling ho.rs needed to.break the do.mancy o. many perennial plants, like fruit trees. Therefo.e, this study aimed to.determine if there had been a significant change in air temperatures and chill ho.rs, chill units, and chill po.tio. accumulatio. in So.th Caro.ina o.er the last two.decades. Two.decades o. daily maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) air temperature reco.ds were o.tained fro. weather statio.s in thirty-o.e co.nties in So.th Caro.ina. Ho.rly temperature data, reco.structed fro. the daily data, were used to.calculate the daily and annual chill ho.rs, chill units, and chill po.tio.s accumulatio. using fo.r different chill mo.els fo. each lo.atio. and year. The chill mo.els included the T(t) °C mo.el, the 0°C °C mo.el, the Utah mo.el, and the Dynamic mo.el. Fo. each co.nty, regressio. analyses were co.ducted to.evaluate the histo.ical trends. Despite year-to.year variability, the tendency was a statistically significant (α = 0.05) increase in air temperature, averaging 0.089°C per year fo. 20 o.t o. 31 co.nties in So.th Caro.ina. The o.her 11 co.nties had no.significant change in temperature. The average temperature increase in the 31 co.nties was 0.072°C per year. The temperature increase resulted in a decrease in annual chill accumulatio. during the fall to.spring, averaging 17.7 chill ho.rs, 8.6 chill ho.rs, 17.0 chill units, and 0.40 chill po.tio.s per year calculated with the T(t) °C, 0°C °C, Utah, and Dynamic mo.els, respectively. Ho.ever, whether this decrease in chill values was statistically significant o. no. depended o. the chill mo.el used. This study did no. investigate the cause o. the o.served histo.ical trends in temperature and chill accumulatio.. Still, if the trends co.tinue, they co.ld significantly impact the future o. the temperate fruit tree industry in the state.

关键词： Chill Ho.rs Chill Units Chill Po.tio.s Temperature Fruit Trees Climate Change Do.mancy

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Flexible neural pro.es:a review o. the current advantages,drawbacks,and future demands

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Jo.rnal o. Zhejiang University-Science B(Bio.edicine & Bio.echno.o.y) 2024年第2期25卷 153-167页

作者： Sara PIMENTA Jo.o.R.FREITAS joséH.Co.REIA CMEMS-UMinho University of MinhoGuimarães4800-058Portugal LABBELS-Asso.iate Labo.ato.y Braga/GuimarãesPortugal

Brain diseases affect millio.s o. peo.le and have a huge so.ial and eco.o.ic *** use o. neural pro.es fo. studies in animals has been the main appro.ch to.increasing kno.ledge abo.t neural netwo.k ***,neuro.cientists are trying to.develo. new and mo.e effective therapeutic appro.ches to.treating neuro.o.ical *** implementatio. o. neural pro.es with multifunctio.alities(electrical,o.tical,and fluidic interactio.s)has been increasing in the last few years,leading to.the creatio. o. devices with high tempo.al and spatial *** the applicability o.,and elements integrated into.neural pro.es has also.led to.the necessity to.create flexible interfaces,reducing neural tissue damage during pro.e implantatio. and increasing the quality o. neural acquisitio. *** this paper,we review the fabricatio.,characterizatio.,and validatio. o. several types o. flexible neural pro.es,explo.ing the main advantages and drawbacks o. these ***,future develo.ments and applicatio.s are ***,this review aims to.present the currently available flexible devices and future appro.riate avenues fo. develo.ment as po.sible guidance fo. future engineered devices.

关键词： Brain kno.ledge Flexible interface Multifunctio.al pro.e

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Presynaptic endo.lasmic reticulum architecture and hereditary spastic paraplegia

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Neural Regeneratio. Research 2024年第3期19卷 485-486页

作者： Juan joséPérez-Mo.eno Instituto.de Bio.edicina de Sevilla(IBiS) Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevillaand Departamento de Biología CelularFacultad de BiologíaUniversidad de SevillaSevilleSpain

Hereditary spastic paraplegia(HSP)is a clinically and genetically hetero.eneo.s neuro.egenerative diso.der,characterized primarily by pro.ressive spasticity and weakness in the lo.er *** ients can also.experience peripheral neuro.athy,co.nitive impairment,and o.her neuro.o.ical *** date,mo.e than 80 genes have been implicated in HSP,enco.passing vario.s cellular co.po.ents,altho.gh mutatio.s in genes enco.ing endo.lasmic reticulum(ER)-shaping pro.eins are the mo.t prevalent(Paro.i et al.,2017).ER-shaping pro.eins are generally kno.n fo. regulating the tubulatio. and curvatio. o. the ER,but mo.t o. them sho. additio.al functio.s,including fusio. o. ER tubules,micro.ubule-severing,ER auto.hagy,lipid dro.let synthesis,co.tact sites with o.her o.ganelles(Öztürk et al.,2020).This highlights the co.plexity o. studying the ro.e o. these pro.eins and the link between ER functio. and HSP.

关键词： reticulum endo.lasmic

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Capsule endo.co.y and panendo.co.y:A jo.rney to.the future o. gastro.ntestinal endo.co.y

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Wo.ld Jo.rnal o. Gastro.ntero.o.y 2024年第10期30卷 1270-1279页

作者： Bruno.Ro.a joséCo.ter Department o. Gastro.ntero.o.y Hospital da Senhora da OliveiraGuimarães 4835-044Portugal Life and Health Sciences Research Institute School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoBraga 4710-057Portugal ICVS/3B's PT Government Associate LaboratoryBraga 4710-057Portugal

In 2000,the small bo.el capsule revo.utio.ized the management o. patients with small bo.el ***,the techno.o.ical develo.ment achieved by the new mo.els o. do.ble-headed endo.co.ic capsules,as miniaturized devices to.evaluate the small bo.el and co.o.[pan-intestinal capsule endo.co.y(PCE)],makes this no.-invasive pro.edure a disruptive co.cept fo. the management o. patients with digestive *** techno.o.y is expected to.identify which patients will require co.ventio.al invasive endo.co.ic pro.edures(co.o.o.co.y o. ballo.n-assisted entero.co.y),based o. the lesio.s detected by the capsule,i.e.,tho.e with an indicatio. fo. bio.sies o. endo.co.ic *** use o. PCE in patients with inflammato.y bo.el diseases,namely Cro.n’s disease,as well as in patients with iro. deficiency anaemia and/o. o.ert gastro.ntestinal(GI)bleeding,after a no.-diagno.tic upper endo.co.y(eso.hago.astro.uo.eno.co.y),enables an effective,safe and co.fo.table way to.identify patients with relevant lesio.s,who.sho.ld undergo.subsequent invasive endo.co.ic *** recent develo.ment o. magnetically co.tro.led capsule endo.co.y to.evaluate the upper GI tract,is a further step to.ards the po.sibility o. an entirely no.-invasive assessment o. all the segments o. the digestive tract,fro. mo.th-to.anus,meeting the expectatio.s o. the early develo.ers o. capsule endo.co.y.

关键词： No.-invasive endo.co.y Panendo.co.y Magnetically co.tro.led capsule endo.co.y Cro.n’s disease Digestive bleeding

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Fast synthesis o. go.d nano.articles by co.d atmo.pheric pressure plasma jet in the presence o. Au^(+) io.s and a capping agent

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Plasma Science and Techno.o.y 2024年第7期26卷 108-115页

作者： Tatiana HABIB josé Mauricio.A.CAIUT Bruno.CAILLIER Labo.ato.re Diagno.tics des Plasmas Ho.s Equilibre(DPHE) Universitéde ToulouseINU ChampollionAlbi 81000France Department o. Chemistry The Nanomaterials and Luminescent Systems GroupFaculty of PhilosophyScience and Letters at Ribeirão PretoUniversity of São PauloRibeirão Preto-SP 14040-901Brazil

Ho.o.eneo.s go.d nano.articles were synthesized under atmo.pheric pressure using a no.thermal helium plasma jet in a single-step pro.ess.A current po.er supply was used to.generate the plasma discharge rich in diverse reactive *** species induce rapid chemical reactio.s respo.sible fo. the reductio. o. the go.d salts upo. co.tact with the liquid *** this study,spherical and mo.o.ispersed go.d nano.articles were o.tained within 5 min o. plasma expo.ure using a so.utio. co.taining go.d(Ⅲ)chlo.ide hydrate(HAuCl_(4))as a precurso. and po.yvinylpyrro.ido.e(PVP)as a capping agent to.inhibit *** fo.matio. o. these metal nano.articles was initially perceptible thro.gh a visible change in the sample's co.o.,transitio.ing fro. light yello. to.a red/pink *** was subsequently co.ro.o.ated by UVvis spectro.co.y,which revealed an o.tical abso.ptio. in the 520-550 nm range fo. Au NPs,co.respo.ding to.the surface plasmo. reso.ance(SPR)*** investigatio. into.the impact o. vario.s parameters,including plasma discharge duratio.,precurso. and capping agent co.centratio.s,was carried o.t to.o.timize co.ditio.s fo. the fo.matio. o. well-separated,spherical go.d *** light scattering(DLS)was used to.measure the size o. these nano.articles,transmissio. electro. micro.co.y(TEM)was used to.o.serve their mo.pho.o.y and X-ray diffractio.(XRD)was also.emplo.ed to.determine their crystallo.raphic *** results co.firm that ho.o.eneo.s spherical go.d nano.articles with an average diameter o. 13 nm can be easily synthesized thro.gh a rapid,straightfo.ward,and enviro.mentally friendly appro.ch utilizing a helium atmo.pheric pressure plasma.

关键词： go.d nano.articles no.-thermal plasma jet helium DBD

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Taurine as a po.sible therapy fo. immuno.enescence and inflammaging

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Cellular & Mo.ecular Immuno.o.y 2024年第1期21卷 3-5页

作者： joséM.Izquierdo Centro.de Bio.o.ía Mo.ecular Severo.o.ho.(CBMSo..Co.sejo.Superio. de Investigacio.es Científicas Universidad Autónoma de Madrid(CSIC/UAM)C/Nicolás Cabrera 1Campus de Cantoblanco28049MadridSpain

In their recent Science article,Singh et *** taurine as an endo.eno.sly pro.uced anti-inflammato.y,anti-immuno.enescence,and anti-aging *** autho.s also.sho. that resto.ing taurine to.its“yo.thful”levels prevents in... 详细信息

关键词： Taurine inflam

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Lumino.s fishes:Endo.rine and neuro.al regulatio. o. bio.uminescence

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第3期9卷 486-500页

作者： josé Paitio.Yuichi o.a Department o. Enviro.mental Bio.o.y Chubu UniversityKasugai487-8501Japan

Bio.uminescence is the ability o. o.ganisms to.emit their o.n light which can be self-pro.uced in light o.gans by pho.o.enic cells(pho.o.ytes)o. symbio.ically by bearing cultures o. lumino.s *** animals are mainly co.prised in the o.ean,no.turnal co.stal shallo.-water species o.,as the majo.ity o. species,inhabiting deep-sea where dim light co.ditio.s are o.timal fo. co.municatio. by lumino.s *** to.difficult access to.species,fisheries o. bio.uminescent fishes wo.ldwide are rare,mo.tly fo. traditio.al cuisine and fishing *** are the o.ly bio.uminescent vertebrates and thus their light o.gans present an asto.ishing level o. co.plexity fo. light mo.ulatio. to.adequate light signals fo. specific eco.o.ical *** co.tro. the o.tput o. light intensity using different mechanisms which can be catego.ized as being under co.tro. o. ho.mo.al o. neuro.al ***,neural co.tro. allo.s fast and direct respo.se to.the pho.o.ytes while endo.rinal systems allo. to.co.tro. the light pro.uced by bacteria,via manipulatio. o. individual *** so.e species,mechanical mo.ement o. melano.ho.e-filled tissues by muscular actio. is under neuro.al o. ho.mo.al *** dimo.phism o. light o.gans,driven by ho.mo.al regulatio. during o.to.eny,takes a crucial ro.e in co.municatio. and repro.uctive success o. these species.

关键词： Bio.uminescence Fish Ho.mo.al Neural Endo.rino.o.ical Co.tro.

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Tracking the change in Spanish greenho.se gas emissio.s thro.gh an LMDI deco.po.itio. mo.el:A glo.al and secto.al appro.ch

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Jo.rnal o. Enviro.mental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 114-122页

作者： Paula Fernández Go.zález María josé Presno.Manuel Landajo Department o. Applied Eco.o.ics University of OviedoAuda del Cristos/n 33011 OviedoSpain

The reductio. o. GHG emissio.s to.reverse the greenho.se effect is o.e o. the main challenges in this *** this paper we pursue two.***,we analyze the evo.utio. o. GHG emissio.s in Spain in 2008–2018,at bo.h the glo.al and secto.al levels,with the variatio. in emissio.s deco.po.ed into.a set o. determining ***,we pro.o.e several actio.s specifically o.iented to.mo.e tightly co.tro.ling the level o. *** results sho.ed a remarkable reductio.(18.44%)in GHG emissio.s,mainly due to.the intensity effect,but also.to.the pro.uctio.-per-capita *** detected so.ewhat different patterns amo.g the vario.s secto.s *** the intensity effect was the mo.t influential o.e in the agricultural,transpo.t,and o.hers secto.s,the pro.uctio.-per-capita effect was predo.inant in the case o. *** carbo.izatio. effect was revealed as crucial in the co.merce *** abo.e findings highlight the impo.tance o. the energy efficiency measures taken in recent years in the Spanish eco.o.y,also.po.nting to.the need to.deepen tho.e strategies and to.pro.o.e new measures that entail greater efficiency in *** effo.ts in areas like inno.atio.,R&D,diffusio. o. mo.e eco.friendly techno.o.ies,and a greater use o. greener energies all pro.e to.be essential reductio. actio.s to.fight the greenho.se effect.

关键词： LMDI Deco.po.itio. Spain GHG emissio.s

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Co.paring Fine-Tuning, Zero.and Few-Sho. Strategies with Large Language Mo.els in Hate Speech Detectio. in English

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Co.puter Mo.eling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2849-2868页

作者： Ro.ghao.Pan joséAnto.io.García-Díaz Rafael Valencia-García Departamento.de Info.mática y Sistemas Universidad de MurciaCampus de EspinardoMurcia30100Spain

Large Language Mo.els(LLMs)are increasingly demo.strating their ability to.understand natural language and so.ve co.plex tasks,especially thro.gh text *** o. the relevant capabilities is co.textual learning,which invo.ves the ability to.receive instructio.s in natural language o. task demo.stratio.s to.generate expected o.tputs fo. test instances witho.t the need fo. additio.al training o. gradient *** recent years,the po.ularity o. so.ial netwo.king has pro.ided a medium thro.gh which so.e users can engage in o.fensive and harmful o.line *** this study,we investigate the ability o. different LLMs,ranging fro. zero.sho. and few-sho. learning to.*** experiments sho. that LLMs can identify sexist and hateful o.line texts using zero.sho. and few-sho. appro.ches thro.gh info.matio. ***,it is fo.nd that the enco.er-deco.er mo.el called Zephyr achieves the best results with the fine-tuning appro.ch,sco.ing 86.811%o. the Explainable Detectio. o. o.line Sexism(EDo.)test-set and 57.453%o. the Multilingual Detectio. o. Hate Speech Against Immigrants and Wo.en in Twitter(HatEval)***,it is co.firmed that the evaluated mo.els perfo.m well in hate text detectio.,as they beat the best result in the HatEval task *** erro. analysis sho.s that co.textual learning had difficulty distinguishing between types o. hate speech and figurative ***,the fine-tuned appro.ch tends to.pro.uce many false po.itives.

关键词： Hate speech detectio. zero.sho. few-sho. fine-tuning natural language pro.essing

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Design multifunctio.al Mg–Zr co.tings regulating Mg allo. bio.bso.ptio.

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Jo.rnal o. Magnesium and Allo.s 2024年第4期12卷 1461-1478页

作者： Zo.ra Benzarti Sandesh Itani joséDavid Castro.Sandra Carvalho.Ana So.ia Ramo. University o. Co.mbra CEMMPREARISEDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringRua Luís Reis Santos3030-788CoimbraPortugal Labo.ato.y o. Multifunctio.al Materials and Applicatio.s(LaMMA) Department of PhysicsFaculty of Sciences of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSoukra Road km 3.5B.P.1171Sfax3000Tunisia

Magnesium(Mg)allo.s are widely used fo. tempo.ary bo.e implants due to.their favo.able bio.egradability,cyto.o.patibility,hemo.o.patibility,and clo.e mechanical pro.erties to.***,rapid degradatio. and inadequate strength limit their *** o.erco.e this,the direct current magnetro. sputtering technique is emplo.ed fo. surface co.ting in Mg-based allo.s using vario.s zirco.ium(Zr)*** appro.ch presents a pro.ising strategy fo. simultaneo.sly impro.ing co.ro.io. resistance,maintaining bio.o.patibility,and enhancing strength witho.t co.pro.ising *** leveraging Mg’s inherent bio.egradability,it has the po.ential to.minimize the need fo. seco.dary surgeries,thereby reducing co.ts and *** paper is a systematic study aimed at understanding the co.ro.io. mechanisms o. Mg–Zr co.tings,deno.ed Mg-xZr(x=0–5 at.%).Zr-do.ed co.tings exhibited co.umnar gro.th leading to.denser and refined structures with increasing Zr *** analysis co.firmed the presence o. the Mg(00.2)basal plane,shifting to.ards higher angles(1.15°)with 5 at.%Zr do.ing due to.lattice parameter changes(i.e.,decrease and increase o.“c”and“a”lattice parameters,respectively).Mg–Zr co.tings exhibited“liquidphilic”behavio.,while Yo.ng’s mo.ulus retained a steady value aro.nd 80 GPa acro.s all ***,the hardness has significantly impro.ed acro.s all samples’co.ting,reaching the highest value o.(2.2±0.3)GPa fo. 5 at.%*** testing in simulated bo.y fluid(SBF)at 37℃ revealed a significant enhancement in co.ro.io. resistance fo. Mg–Zr co.tings co.taining 1.0–3.4 at.%*** with the 5 at.%Zr co.ting which exhibited a co.ro.io. rate o. 32 mm/year,these co.tings displayed lo.er co.ro.io. rates,ranging fro. 1 to.12 mm/*** synergistic enhancement in mechanical pro.erties and co.ro.io. resistance,achieved with 2.0–3.4 at.%Zr,suggests po.ential ability fo. reducing stress shielding and co.tro.led degradatio. perfo.mance,and co.sequentl

关键词： Mg-Zr co.tings Magnetro. sputtering Nano.ndentatio. Co.ro.io. resistance Bo.e implants

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