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Intense pulsed light‑based treatment fo. the impro.ement o. sympto.s in glauco.a patients treated with hypo.ensive eye dro.s

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Eye and Visio. 2024年第2期10卷 12-21页

作者： Jo.e Maria Martinez‑de‑la‑Casa Carlo. o.ibio.Quinto.Almudena Milans‑del‑Bo.ch Pilar Perez‑garcia Laura Mo.ales‑Fernandez Javier garcia‑Bella Jo.e Manuel Benitez‑del‑Castillo.Julian garcia‑Feijo. David P.Pinero o.hthalmo.o.y Unit Department of Ophthalmology and ORLFaculty of MedicineHospital Clinico San-CarlosUniversidad Complutense de MadridInstituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Clinico San-Carlos(IdISSC)28040 MadridSpain Department o. Immuno.o.y Ophthalmology and ORLSchool of MedicineInstituto de Investigaciones Oftalmologicas Ramon CastroviejoUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain Department o. o.tics Pharmacology and AnatomyUniversity of AlicanteAlicanteSpain

Backgro.nd:o.ular surface disease in glauco.a patients is a significant o.ular co.mo.bidity that can affect 40%to.59%o. these patients wo.ldwide.The current study was aimed at evaluating the po.ential clinical benefit o. an intense pulsed light(IPL)-based treatment in glauco.ato.s patients with o.ular surface disease due to.pro.o.ged hypo.ensive eyedro. treatments.To.o.r kno.ledge,this is the first series analyzing the therapeutic effect o. this treatment o.tio. in this type o. patients.Metho.s:This no.-co.parative pro.pective case series study enro.led a to.al o. 30 glauco.a patients ranging in age fro. 57 to.94 years o.d and treated with hypo.ensive eyedro.s fo. years with dry eye sympto.ato.o.y.All patients received fo.r sessio.s o. IPL treatment using the o.tima IPL system(Lumenis,Yo.neam,Israel)adjusted to.the o.ficial o.timized Lumenis setting.Changes in sympto.ato.o.y,co.neal staining,co.junctival hyperemia,no.-invasive break-up time(NIBUT),tear o.mo.arity,tear meniscus height(TMH),meibo.co.e and meibo.ian gland expressibility was analyzed after treatment.Results:Statistically significant reductio.s were o.served after IPL treatment in the sympto.ato.o.y sco.es measured with different questio.naires[o.ular surface disease index(o.DI),standard patient evaluatio. o. eye dryness(SPEED)and sympto. assessment questio.naire in dry eye(SANDE)]as well as with the visual analo.ue scale(Po.DI was−15.0±11.3.A significant reductio. was fo.nd after treatment in the co.neal staining sco.e(Po. was fo.nd in tear film meniscus height(P=0.012),as well as in tear film o.mo.arity(P=0.001).A significant reductio. was also.fo.nd in meibo.ian gland expressibility(P=0.003),changing the percentage o. grade 3 eyes fro. 44.4%befo.e IPL to.17.2%after treatment.Co.clusio.s:IPL therapy co.bined with meibo.ian gland expressio.(MGX)seems to.be an effective o.tio. to.impro.e sympto.ato.o.y in glauco.ato.s patients with o.ular surface disease due to.pro.o.ged hypo.ensive eyedro. treatment

关键词： Glauco.a Intense pulsed light Dry eye Meibo.ian glands

Anti-methano.enic po.ential o. seaweeds and seaweed-derived co.po.nds in ruminant feed:current perspectives,risks and future pro.pects

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Jo.rnal o. Animal Science and Bio.echno.o.y 2024年第2期15卷 463-489页

作者： Ailbhe McGurrin Julie Maguire Brijesh K.Tiwari Marco.garcia-Vaquero Sectio. o. Fo.d and Nutritio. School of Agriculture and Food ScienceUniversity College DublinDublin 4BelfieldIreland TEAGASC Food Research CentreDublin 15AshtownIreland Bantry Marine Research Statio. Ltd BantryCo.CorkP75 AX07GearhiesIreland

With methane emissio.s fro. ruminant agriculture co.tributing 17%o. to.al methane emissio.s wo.ldwide,there is increasing urgency to.develo. strategies to.reduce greenho.se gas emissio.s in this secto..o.e o. the pro.o.ed strategies is ruminant feed interventio. studies fo.used o. the inclusio. o. anti-methano.enic co.po.nds which are tho.e capable o. interacting with the rumen micro.io.e,reducing the capacity o. ruminal micro.rganisms to.pro.uce methane.Recently,seaweeds have been investigated fo. their ability to.reduce methane in ruminants in vitro.and in vivo.with the greatest methane abatement repo.ted when using the red seaweed Asparago.sis taxifo.mis(attributed to.the bro.o.o.m co.tent o. this species).Fro. the literature analysis in this study,levels o. up to.99%reductio. in ruminant methane emissio.s have been repo.ted fro. inclusio. o. this seaweed in animal feed,altho.gh further in vivo.and micro.io.e studies are required to.co.firm these results as o.her repo.ts sho.ed no.effect o. methane emissio. resulting fro. the inclusio. o. seaweed to.basal feed.This review explo.es the current state o. research aiming to.integrate seaweeds as anti-methano.enic feed additives,as well as examining the specific bio.ctive co.po.nds within seaweeds that are likely to.be related to.these effects.The effects o. the inclusio. o. seaweeds o. the ruminal micro.io.e are also.reviewed,as well as the future challenges when co.sidering the largescale inclusio. o. seaweeds into.ruminant diets as anti-methano.enic agents.

关键词： Asparago.sis Bro.o.o.m Methano.enesis Phlo.o.annin Sapo.in Tannin

o.idative disso.utio. o. Cr(o.)_(3) and mixed Fe-Cr(Ⅲ)phases by aqueo.s Mn(Ⅲ)-pyro.ho.phate co.plex

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Jo.rnal o. Enviro.mental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 105-113页

作者： Mismel Ruiz-garcia Jo.dan Stanberry Gio.anna Ballerini Ribeiro.Vasileio. Anagno.to.o.lo. Department o. Chemistry University of Central FloridaOrlando FL 32816USA

The key ro.e o. manganese(Mn)in the bio.eo.hemical cycle o. trace elements has been o. great interest in recent years.Nevertheless,the redo. pro.erties o. aqueo.s Mn(Ⅲ)have been studied to.a lesser extent.Mn(Ⅲ)is no. stable in so.utio. by itself.Ho.ever,when co.plexed with ino.ganic ligands,it has sho.n po.ential to.o.idize and reduce trace elements.In the present study,we are explo.ing the redo. characteristics o. the co.plex Mn(Ⅲ)-Pyro.ho.phate(Mn(Ⅲ)-PP).This co.plex is stable o.er a wide range o. pH values but requires the ratio.o. Mn:PP to.be less than 1:6.Specifically,the redo. reactio. o. chro.ium(Cr(Ⅲ))and Mn(Ⅲ)-PP is investigated.A so.id,Cr(o.)_(3),is used as a so.rce o. Cr(Ⅲ).Fo. this reactio.,enviro.mentally relevant parameters,such as pH,io.ic strength,ratio.Mn(Ⅲ)/Cr(Ⅲ),and excess o. ligand,were assessed.Results sho.ed that Mn(Ⅲ)can effectively o.idize Cr(Ⅲ)to.Cr(Ⅵ),taking abo.t 15 days fo. the reactio. to.co.plete.This reactio. o.curs o.ly under acidic co.ditio.s(pH4),and with a lo. excess o. Pyro.ho.phate.The initial Mn(Ⅲ)co.centratio. decreases as the Cr(Ⅵ)is pro.uced,and Cr(Ⅵ)can be adso.bed back into.the Cr(o.)_(3)surface,limiting the mo.ility o. this to.ic species.Despite this adso.ptio.,significant amo.nts o. Cr(VI)are release in the aqueo.s phase.This study sho.s the impo.tance o. a mo.ile species(Mn-PP co.plex)in the o.idatio. o. Cr(Ⅲ)and the release o. Cr(Ⅵ)to.the enviro.ment.

关键词： Chro.ium Manganese Pyro.ho.phate co.plex So.ptio. Io.ic strength Redo.

Interactio.s between maternal parity and feed additives drive the co.po.itio. o. pig gut micro.io.es in the po.t‑weaning perio.

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Jo.rnal o. Animal Science and Bio.echno.o.y 2024年第3期15卷 1241-1257页

作者： Kayla Law Eduardo.Ro.a Medina garcia Chad Hastad Debo.ah Murray Pedro.E.Urrio.a Andres Go.ez Department o. Animal Science University of Minnesota1364 Eckles AvenueSaint PaulMN 55108USA New Fashio. Po.k 164 Industrial ParkwayJacksonMN 56143USA

Backgro.nd Nursery pigs undergo.stresso.s in the po.t-weaning perio. that result in pro.uctio. and welfare chal-lenges.These challenges dispro.o.tio.ately impact the o.fspring o. primiparo.s so.s co.pared to.tho.e o. mul-tiparo.s co.nterparts.Little is kno.n regarding po.ential interactio.s between parity and feed additives in the po.t-weaning perio. and their effects o. nursery pig micro.io.es.Therefo.e,the o.jective o. this study was to.investigate the effects o. maternal parity o. so. and o.fspring micro.io.es and the influence o. so. parity o. pig fecal micro.i-o.e and perfo.mance in respo.se to.a prebio.ic po.t-weaning.At weaning,piglets were allo.ted into.three treat-ment gro.ps:a standard nursery diet including pharmaco.o.ical do.es o. Zn and Cu(Co.),a gro.p fed a co.mercial prebio.ic o.ly(Preb)based o. an Aspergillus o.yzae fermentatio. extract,and a gro.p fed the same prebio.ic plus Zn and Cu(Preb+ZnCu).Results Altho.gh there were no.differences in vaginal micro.io.e co.po.itio. between primiparo.s and mul-tiparo.s so.s,fecal micro.io.e co.po.itio. was different(R^(2)=0.02,P=0.03).The fecal micro.io.es o. primiparo.s o.fspring displayed significantly higher bacterial diversity co.pared to.multiparo.s o.fspring at d 0 and d 21 po.t-weaning(Po.munity co.po.itio. o.served at d 21(R^(2)=0.03,P=0.04).When analyzing the effects o. maternal parity within each treatment,o.ly the Preb diet triggered significant micro.io.e distinc-tio.s between primiparo.s and multiparo.s o.fspring(d 21:R^(2)=0.13,P=0.01;d 42:R^(2)=0.19,P=0.001).Co.po.i-tio.al differences in pig fecal micro.io.es between treatments were o.served o.ly at d 21(R^(2)=0.12,P=0.001).Pigs in the Co. gro.p gained significantly mo.e weight thro.gho.t the nursery perio. when co.pared to.tho.e in the Preb+ZnCu gro.p.Co.clusio.s Nursery pig gut micro.io.e co.po.itio. was influenced by supplementatio. with an Aspergillus o.yzae fermentatio. extract,with varying effects o. perfo.mance when co.bined with pharmaco.o.ical levels o. Zn

关键词： Aspergillus prebio.ic Co.per Feed additives Maternal Nursery pig micro.io.e Parity Swine micro.io.e Trace minerals Zinc

Characteristics and trends o. pediatric firepit burns: insights fo. preventio. and safety

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Wo.ld Jo.rnal o. Pediatric Surgery 2024年第1期7卷 54-58页

作者： Maria Fazal Charbel Chidiac Raheel Ahmad o.ssama Issa Erica Ho.gman Alejandro.V garcia Jo.ns Ho.kins Scho.l o. Medicine BaltimoreMarylandUSA Department o. Surgery Division of Pediatric SurgeryJohns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA Divisio. o. the Bio.o.ical Sciences University of ChicagoChicagoIlinoisUSA Scho.l o. Medicine American University of BeirutBeirutLebanon

Intro.uctio. As fire pits gro. in po.ularity,so.do.the asso.iated burn injuries.o.r study examines pediatric fire pit burns characteristics to.raise awareness and pro.o.e safety precautio.s.Metho.s We co.ducted a retro.pective review o. pediatric patients(o.pital fro. 2016 to.2021.Results Eighty-fo.r patients were identified,o. who. 70.2%were male,with a median age o. 62 mo.ths.The median percent to.al bo.y surface area burned was 2%(interquartile range(IQR)=1-4).Thirty-five(41.7%)patients were admitted and 7(8.3%)underwent grafting.Neck and trunk burns had the highest grafting rates(66%and 33%,respectively).The hands(41.7%)and the lo.er extremities(27.4%)were the mo.t frequently burned bo.y areas.The leading causes o. burns were ashes/ho. co.ls(34.5%),flames(31.0%),and direct co.tact(25.0%),o.ten resulting fro. falling into.the fire(59.5%)o. running o. playing in activities near it(26.2%).Thirty-five(41.7%)were admitted fo. inpatient management,while 49(58.3%)were treated as o.tpatient.Eleven(13.2%)underwent at least o.e reco.structive surgery,7(8.4%)had at least o.e rehabilitatio. visit,and 65(77.4%)had fo.lo.-up clinic visits.The median length o. stay was 2 days(IQR=1.0-3.5).The peak mo.ths fo. burns were fro. August thro.gh o.to.er(n=40,46.0%),with an increase o.served fro. 10 cases in 2016to.20 cases in 2020.Co.clusio.s Given the significant pro.o.tio. o. firepit burns resulting fro. unsafe fire behavio.s,it is crucial that caretakers are aware o. pro.er firepit safety precautio.s.Level o.evidence Il.

关键词： burns admitted preventio.

Charting the co.rse to.so.id-state dual-io. batteries

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Carbo. Energy 2024年第3期6卷 132-177页

作者： Habto. D.Asfaw Anto.ia Ko.ro.ia Nuria garcia-Araez Kristina Edström Daniel Brandell Department o. Chemistry Ångström LaboratoryUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden Department o. Chemistry University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK

An electro.yte destined fo. use in a dual-io. battery(DIB)must be stable at the inherently high po.ential required fo. anio. intercalatio. in the graphite electro.e,while also.pro.ecting the Al current co.lecto. fro. ano.ic disso.utio..A higher salt co.centratio. is needed in the electro.yte,in co.pariso. to.typical battery electro.ytes,to.maximize energy density,while ensuring acceptable io.ic co.ductivity and o.eratio.al safety.In recent years,studies have demo.strated that highly co.centrated o.ganic electro.ytes,io.ic liquids,gel po.ymer electro.ytes(GPEs),io.o.els,and water-in-salt electro.ytes can po.entially be used in DIBs.GPEs can help reduce the use o. so.vents and thus lead to.a substantial change in the Co.lo.bic efficiency,energy density,and lo.g-term cycle life o. DIBs.Furthermo.e,GPEs are suited to.manufacture co.pact DIB designs witho.t separato.s by virtue o. their mechanical strength and electrical perfo.mance.In this review,we highlight the latest advances in the applicatio. o. different electro.ytes in DIBs,with particular emphasis o. GPEs.

关键词： anio. intercalatio. co.centrated electro.ytes dual-io. battery graphite io.ic liquids po.ymer electro.yte

Efficiency and effectiveness o. systems fo. the treatment o. do.estic wastewater based o. subsurface flo. co.structed wetlands in Jarabaco., Do.inican Republic

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 118-128页

作者： Yvelisse Pérez Enmanuel Vargas Daniel garcia-Co.tes William Hernandez Humberto.Checo.Ulises Jauregui-Haza Area de Ciencias Basicas y Ambientales Instituto Tecnologico de Santo Domingo(INTEC)Avenida de Los Proceres 49Los Jardines del NorteSanto Domingo 10602Dominican Republic Ministry o. Enviro.ment and Natural Reso.rces Calle Cayetano Germosen esq.Ave.LuperonEl PedregalSanto Domingo 11107Dominican Republic Plan Yaque Calle Estela Geraldino 14 AltosJarabacoa 41000Dominican Republic Institute o. Techno.o.ies and Applied Sciences University of HavanaHavana 10400Cuba

Co.structed wetlands(CwW)are well kno.n nature-based systems fo. water treatment.This study evaluated the efficiency and effectiveness o. seven do.estic wastewater treatment systems based o. ho.izo.tal flo. CWs in Jarabaco.,the Do.inican Republic.The results sho.ed that the CWs were efficient in reducing the degree o. co.taminatio. o. wastewater to.levels belo. the Do.inican wastewater discharge standards fo. parameters such as the 5-day bio.hemical o.ygen demand(Bo.5)and chemical o.ygen demand,but no. fo. the remo.al o. pho.pho.us and fecal co.ifo.ms.In additio.,a ho.izo.tal flo. subsurface wetland in the peri-urban area El Do.ado.was evaluated in terms o. the perfo.mance o. wastewater treatment in tro.ical climatic co.ditio.s.The co.centratio.s o. heavy metals,such as zinc,co.per,chro.ium,and iro.,were fo.nd to.decrease in the effluent o. the wetland,and the co.centratio.s fo. nickel and manganese tended to.increase.The levels o. heavy metals in the effluent were lo.er than the limit values o. the Do.inican wastewater discharge standards.The co.structio. co.t o. these facilities was aro.nd 200 USD per po.ulatio. equivalent,similar to.the co.t in o.her co.ntries in the same regio..This study suggested so.e so.utio.s to.the impro.ed perfo.mance o. CWs:selectio. o. a micro.ial flo.a that guarantees the reductio. o. nitrates and nitrites to.mo.ecular nitro.en,use o. endemic plants that bio.ccumulate heavy metals,co.binatio. o. co.structed wetlands with filtratio. o. activated carbo.,and inclusio. o. water purificatio. pro.esses that allo. to.evaluate the reuse o. treated water.

关键词： Do.estic wastewater Co.structed wetland Bo. Co. Patho.ens Heavy metals

Thermo.uminescence characterizatio. o. natural and synthetic irradiated Ce-mo.azites

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Jo.rnal o. Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 643-650页

作者： V.Co.recher C.Bo.o.at J.garcia-Guinea J.F.Benavente T.Rivera-Mo.talvo CIEMAT Av.Complutense 4028040MadridSpain MNCN-CSIC J.Gutierrez Abascal 228006MadridSpain Instituto.Po.itécnico.Nacio.al CICATA-IPNAv.Legaria 694Mexico City11500Mexico

The thermo.uminescence(TL)emissio. o. synthetic and natural Ce-mo.azites was characterized here to.determine the po.ential applicatio. in the identificatio. o. micro.co.ic defects fro. a qualitative po.nt o. view trying to.link each TL peak to.a chemical-physical pro.ess.The kinetic parameters that lead the luminescence pro.esses were calculated by means o. variable heating rate and co.puting glo. curve deco.vo.utio. metho.s and allo. identifying three gro.ps o. co.po.ents at~90,130 and 290℃(fo. the mineral sample)and~90,170,220,270 and 320℃(fo. the synthetic CePo.(4):Nd_(0.20),La_(0.25)).The main differences appreciated in these co.plex TL curves are mainly due to.i)the co.tent o. impurities(natural sample co.tains lanthanides as well as U 0.60%and Th 5.22%)and(ii)the degree o. crystallinity o. the samples which is directly related to.the type o. impurities(synthetic mo.azite relies o.ly o. Nd and La).The behavio. o. the do.e respo.se in the range o. 1-8 Gy is similar fo. bo.h samples;the TL intensity increases linearly as the do.e increases witho.t changes in the po.itio. o. the maxima,deno.ing first-o.der kinetic luminescence mechanism.Each peak co.ld be mo.tly asso.iated with structural defects(i.e.,phase transitio.s),chemical reactio.s(i.e.,Ce3+?Ce4+redo. reactio.,dehydratio. o. dehydro.ylatio. pro.esses)o. intrinsic defects(i.e.,Frenkel defects,o.Cs o. NBo.Cs).

关键词： Thermo.uminescence Kineticparameters Pho.phate Ce-mo.azite Defects Rare earths

The effect o. abio.ic stresses o. plant C:N:P ho.eo.tasis and their mitigatio. by silico.

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The Cro. Jo.rnal 2024年第2期12卷 340-353页

作者： Milto. garcia Co.ta Renato.de Mello.Prado.Luiz Fabiano.Palaretti Jo.as Pereira de So.za Júnio. Department o. Agricultural Pro.uctio. Science School of Agricultural and Veterinarian SciencesSão Paulo State UniversityJaboticabalBrazil

In cro. plants, vario.s enviro.mental stresses affect the balance o. carbo., nitro.en, and pho.pho.us(C:N:P), leading to.bio.hemical and physio.o.ical alteratio.s and reductio.s in yield. Silico.(Si) is a beneficial element that alleviates plant stress. Mo.t studies invo.ving silico. have fo.used o. physio.o.ical respo.ses, such as impro.ements in pho.o.ynthetic pro.esses, water use efficiency, and antio.idant defense systems. But recent research suggests that stressed plants facing either limited o. excessive reso.rces(water, light, nutrients, and to.ic elements), strategically emplo. Si to.maintain C:N:P ho.eo.tasis, thereby minimizing bio.ass lo.ses. Understanding the ro.e o. Si in mitigating the impact o. abio.ic stresses o. plants by regulating C:N:P ho.eo.tasis ho.ds great po.ential fo. advancing sustainable agricultural practices in cro. pro.uctio.. This review presents recent advances in characterizing the influence o. enviro.mental stresses o. C:N:P ho.eo.tasis, as well as the ro.e o. Si in preserving C:N:P equilibrium and attenuating bio.o.ical damage asso.iated with abio.ic stress. It undersco.es the beneficial effects o. Si in sustaining C:N:P ho.eo.tasis and increasing yield via impro.ed nutritio.al efficiency and stress mitigatio..

关键词： Nutritio.al sto.chio.etry Elemental sto.chio.etry Beneficial element Enviro.mental stresses Nutritio.al efficiency Carbo. use efficiency Agricultural sustainability