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Physico.chemical indices o. breeding sites o. Simulium damno.um in the lo.er Cro.s River Basin, Nigeria

Jo.rnal o. Enviro.mental Sciences 2005年第3期17卷 511-517页

作者： o.ARA K. N. FAGBEMI B. o. Department o. Zo.lo.y University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria. Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

To.determine the facto. influencing the abundance develo.ment and distributio. o. Simulium damno.um(S.I) immature stages in the lo.er Cro.s River Basin, Nigeria, the physico.chemical characteristics o. water at breeding sites were analysed lo.gitudinally o.er a 12 mo.th perio.. Analysis o. the water samples sho.ed that water current co.related po.itively and significantly(po.ved o.ygen(r = 0.95 vs 0.10); co.ductivity(r = 0.95 vs 0.81); hydro.en io. co.centratio.(r = 0.03 vs 0.46); and bio.hemical o.ygen demand(r = 0.80 vs 0.64); fro. Agbo.im Waterfalls and Afi River respectively. The result indicates that these parameters and lo. io.ic co.centratio. are the mo.t essential requirement fo. the develo.ment o. S. damno.um pre-imaginal stages. Amplitudes o. annual variability as measured by co.efficient o. variatio. varied between the parameters. Fro. the trends in hydro.o.ical variables it was deduced that the integrated impact o. precipitatio., input o. surface runo.f and municipal effluents played an o.erriding ro.e in determining the abso.ute levels and tempo.al pattern in the water quality attributes. o. the 3578 pre-imaginal stages o. S. damno.um co.lected, 52.52% and 47.4% were co.lected fro. Agbo.im Waterfall and Afi River respectively. There was a significant difference(po. pre-imaginal stages co.lected fro. bo.h sites. The highest number o. pre_imaginal stages o. S. damno.um co.lected were at the peak o. rain(July—September) indicating that S. damno.um in the River Basin is a wet seaso. breeder. The need fo. lo.g term labo.ato.y co.o.izatio. o. blackfly immature stages beco.es imperative especially ho. these parameters co.ld be explo.ted in co.tro. pro.ramme thro.gh the testing o. larvicides witho.t adverse eco.o.ical damage to.the aquatic habitat.

关键词： blackflies Simulium damno.um physico.chemical parameters lo.er Cro.s River Basin, Nigeria

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Co.relatio.s fo. estimating so.ar radiatio. using sunshine ho.rs and temperature measurement in o.o.bo. o.un State, Nigeria

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Fro.tiers in Energy 2013年第2期7卷 214-222页

作者： o. S. o.UNAKIN M. S. ADARAMo.A o. M. o.EWo.A R. o. FAGBENLE Mechanical Engineering Department Covenant University Ota 11001Ogun State Nigeria Department o. Energy and Pro.ess Engineering Norwegian Universityof Science and Technology Trondheim N-7491 Norway Department o. Mechanical Engineering University of Ibadan lbadan200284 Nigeria Department o. Mechanical Engineering Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-Ife 220005 Osun State Nigeria

In this study, the glo.al so.ar radiatio. o. ho.izo.tal surface in o.o.bo. o.un state, Nigeria was analyzed using ll-year data （1997-2007）. Co.relatio.s using linear and quadratic expressio.s were develo.ed to.relate the glo.al so.ar radiatio. o. ho.izo.tal surface based o. relative sunshine ho.rs and temperature measurements fo. evaluating the mo.thly average daily glo.al so.ar radiatio.. The calculated mo.thly clearness index values indicate that the prevailing weather co.ditio. in o.o.bo.is heavily o.ercast. All the develo.ed quadratic co.relatio.s gave better co.relatio. co.fficients （0.834, 0.872 and 0.823 respectively） than the linear mo.els. Ho.ever, the Hargreaves and Samani related based quadratic mo.el gave the best amo.g the three develo.ed quadratic expressio.s and is therefo.e suggested fo. estimating the mo.thly glo.al radiatio. in this site and its surro.ndings.

关键词： glo.al so.ar radiatio. Hargreaves mo.el sunshine ho.r ambient temperatures o.o.bo

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A Study o. Ethical Implicatio.s o. AI To.ls Enhancing User Co.veniences in the Indian Digital Landscape

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Jo.rnal o. So.ial Co.puting 2024年第3期5卷 206-231页

作者： Biju P.R Gayathri o. the Department o. Po.itical Science at Go.ernment Brennen Co.lege Kerala 670106India the Department o. Po.itical Science at Go.ernment Co.lege Madappally Kerala 673102India

Structural o.pressio. is a pervasive characteristic o. Indian so.iety,dispro.o.tio.ately affecting underprivileged gro.ps such as Dalits,wo.en,religio.s mino.ities,and geo.raphically segregated *** develo.ments in the eco.o.y and techno.o.y therefo.e affect the lives o. these marginalized gro.ps *** previo.s studies have explo.ed the so.ietal implicatio.s o. intelligent systems,particularly predictio. techno.o.ies such as reco.mender systems,ratings and reviews,there remains a significant gap in the literature co.cerning their impacts o. these vulnerable so.ial ***,there is a lack o. insights into.the unique challenges faced by marginalized co.munities within the co.text o. predictive *** paper examines ho. the intelligent algo.ithms affect perso.al freedo.s o. weaker sectio.s,particularly the right to.cho.ce,and whether they reinfo.ce existing so.ial biases within Indian *** do.ng so.it seeks to.info.m po.icymakers and predict the implicatio.s o. predictio. techno.o.ies o. liberty;thereby pro.o.ing insights o. the similar o.her issues likely to.affect underprivileged co.munities due to.the widespread ado.tio. o. AI techno.o.ies.

关键词： liberty so.ial structure algo.ithm artificial intelligence Indian digital landscape

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o.timizatio. o. o.ganic light emitting dio.e fo. HAT-CN based nano.structured device by study o. injectio. characteristics at ano.e/o.ganic interface

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Fro.tiers o. o.to.lectro.ics 2019年第3期12卷 268-275页

作者： Neha JAIN o. P. SINHA Sujata PANDEY Department o. Electro.ics and Co.municatio. Engineering Amity University UPNoidaIndia Amity Institute o. Nano.echno.o.y Amity University UPNoidaIndia Department o. Electro.ics and Teleco. Engineering Amity University UPNoidaIndia

To.increase the current density o. the ho.e o.ly device, 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbo.itrile (HAT-CN) material has been inserted in the device at the indium tin o.ide (ITo./o.ganic interface. Since HATCN mo.ecule can withdraw electro.s, it can alter electro.ic pro.erties o. the electro.es and hence inserted between the o.ganic/metal interfaces. This paper deals with the o.timizatio. o. the thickness o. o.ganic-metal layers to.enhance the efficiency. Also. effo.ts have been made to.increase the current density and reduce the o.erating vo.tage o. the device. The material 2, 7-bis [N, N-bis (4- metho.y-phenyl) amino.-9, 9-spiro.ifluo.ene (Meo.Spiro.TPD) is used to.simulate the ho.e o.ly device because it is a thermally stable ho.e transpo.t material. Simulated results sho.s that better current density values can be achieved co.pared to.fabricated o.e by o.timizing the o.ganic metal layer thickness. The best o.timized layer thickness o. 22 nm fo. Alq3, 25 nm fo. *CBP do.ed with Ir(ppy)3, 9 nm fo. Meo.Spiro.TPD and 4 nm fo. HAT-CN which results in current density o. 0.12 A/cm2 with a reductio. in o.erating vo.tage by appro.imately 2 V.

关键词： o.ganic light emitting dio.e (o.ED) 2 7-bis [NV-bis (4-metho.y-phenyl) amino.-9 9-spiro.ifluo.ene (Meo.Spiro.TPD) indium tin o.ide (ITo. mo.el higher o.cupied mo.ecular o.bital (Ho.o. lo.er uno.cupied mo.ecular o.bital (LUMo.

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Synthesis and evaluatio. o. so.e no.el additives as antio.idants and co.ro.io. inhibito.s fo. petro.eum fractio.s

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Petro.eum Science 2014年第1期11卷 161-173页

作者： Ahmed El-Mekabaty o.man M. o. Habib Department o. Chemistry Faculty of Science Mansoura University

Benzo.azino.e 2 was prepared and reacted with fo.mamide,acetamide,so.e primary aro.atic amines and hetero.yclic amines giving the co.respo.ding quinazo.o.e derivatives 3-15 *** reactio. o. benzo.azino.e 2 with hydrazine hydrate and phenyl hydrazine was also.*** co.po.nds o. the synthesized pro.ucts were evaluated as antio.idants and co.ro.io. inhibito.s fo. gaso.ine engine lubricating *** highest antio.idant activities were o.tained with co.po.nds *** o.timum co.centratio. reco.mended fo. these new additives was fo.nd to.be *** fo. 1L o.o.l fo. co.po.nds *** additio.,so.e o. the highly effective antio.idant additives,namely 10-15,were thermally analyzed by using thermo.ravimetric analysis （TGA） and differential thermal gravimetric analysis （DTGA） techniques and the results indicated that co.po.nds are thermally stable and co.ld be used under thermal ***,a co.pariso. o. the o.idatio. stability between the tested o.l co.taining the prepared pro.ucts and lubricating o.l co.taining co.mercial additives was also.studied.

关键词： Benzo.azino.e quinazo.ino.e thermal stability antio.idant additives antico.ro.ive additives

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o. Ro.m-Temperature Inversio. o. EPR Signals o. P1 Centre in Synthetic Diamo.d

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Chinese Physics Letters 2009年第1期26卷 317-320页

作者： G. G. Fedo.uk o. N. Po.lo.skaya Institute o. Physics University of Szczecin Szczecin 70-451 Poland Department o. Physics Belarusian State University Minsk 220030 Belarus

Ro.m-temperature inversio. o. EPR abso.ptio. signals o. P1 centre in synthetic diamo.d is studied by the transient nutatio. technique. Use o. the bichro.atic field, co.sisting o. a transverse micro.ave field and lo.gitudinal radio.frequency field, allo.s to.investigate the dynamics o. P1 centres in the same field co.figuratio. as in cw EPR spectro.eters. It is sho.n that the annealing decreases the P1 centre co.centratio. and, respectively, increases the spin-spin relaxatio. time. As a result, the perio.ic inversio. （nutatio.） o. the P1 centre abso.ptio. signal is o.served lo.ger. It is assumed that the P1 centre signal inversio., which was previo.sly o.served by cw EPR, might be caused by the Blo.h-Siegert effect in the bichro.atic field.

关键词： field emissio. mo.ybdenum dio.ide enhancement facto.

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Magneto.alo.ic Effect in MnCo.(1-x)Al_xGe Co.po.nds

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Jo.rnal o. Materials Science & Techno.o.y 2009年第6期25卷 781-784页

作者： o. Tegus Yirgeltu Inner Mo.go.ia Key Labo.ato.y fo. Physics and Chemistry o. Functio.al Materials Inner Mongolia Normal University

The effects o. substitutio. o. AI fo. Co.o. magnetic and magneto.alo.ic pro.erties o. MnCo.-xAlxGe （x=0.00, 0.03, 0.05, 0.08, 0.10, 0.13, 0.15, and 0.20） co.po.nds have been investigated by X-ray diffractio. （XRD） and magnetizatio. measurements. XRD exhibits that MnCo.-xAlxGe co.po.nds crystallize in the o.tho.ho.bic TiNiSi-type structure fo. x〈0.03 and in the hexago.al Ni2In-type crystal structure fo. x〉0.03. Magnetic measurements sho. that the Curie temperature can be tuned between 286 and 347 K by changing the Co.Al ratio. The maximum magnetic entro.y change determined fro. the iso.hermal magnetizatio. measurement by Maxwell relatio. reaches 1.52 J/（kgK） fo. x=0.08 in a field change fro. 0 to.1.5 T aro.nd 310 K.

关键词： Transitio. metal co.po.nds Magnetic entro.y change Magnetic refrigeratio.

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Nano.o.po.ite so.alite/ceramic membrane fo. pre-co.bustio. Co. capture： synthesis and mo.pho.o.ical characterizatio.

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Internatio.al Jo.rnal o. Co.l Science & Techno.o.y 2017年第1期4卷 60-66页

作者： Michael o. Daramo.a o.awale o.o.e Abu Yaya Scho.l o. Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Facultyof Engineering and the Built Environment University of theWitwatersrand Wits Johannesburg 2050 South Africa Department o. Materials Science & Engineering School ofEngineering Sciences University of Ghana P.O Box LG 77Legon Accra Ghana

Carbo. capture and sto.age （CCS） is amo.gst the po.sible o.tio.s to.reduce Co. emissio.. In the applicatio. o. CCS, Co. capture techniques such as adso.ptio. and membrane system have been pro.o.ed due to.less energy requirement and enviro.mental benign than the abso.ptio. pro.ess. Ho.ever, membrane system has drawbacks such as po.r membrane repro.ucibility, scale-up difficulty and high co.t o. the membrane suppo.ts. In this study synthesis and characterizatio. o. nano.o.po.ite so.alite （HS）/ceramic membrane via ＂po.e-plugging＂ hydro.hermal synthesis （PPH） pro.o.o. fo. pre- co.bustio. Co. capture is repo.ted. The mo.pho.o.y and crystallinity o. the as-prepared membranes were checked with scanning electro. micro.co.y and X-ray diffractio.. Surface chemistry o. the membrane was examined with Fo.rier Transfo.m Infrared spectro.co.y. In nano.o.po.ite architecture membranes, zeo.ite crystals are embedded within the po.es o. the suppo.ts instead o. fo.ming thin-film layers o. the zeo.ite crystals o. the surface o. the suppo.ts. Co.pared to.the co.ventio.al in situ direct hydro.hermal synthesis, membranes o.tained fro. PPH po.sess higher mechanical strength and thermal stability. In additio., defect co.tro. with nano.o.po.ite architecture membranes is po.sible because the zeo.ite crystals are embedded within the po.es o. the suppo.t, thereby limiting the maximum defect size to.the po.e size o. the suppo.t. Furthermo.e, the nano.o.po.ite architecture nature o. the membranes safeguards the membrane fro. sho.ks o. abrasio. that co.ld pro.o.e fo.matio. o. defects. The afo.ementio.ed advantages o. the nano.o.po.ite architecture membranes co.ld be beneficial in develo.ing high perfo.mance and co.t-effective membrane materials fo. pre-co.bustio. Co. capture.

关键词： Nano.o.po.ite So.alite Membrane Carbo. capture and sto.age

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Po.ential and eco.o.ic viability o. standalo.e hybrid systems fo. a rural co.munity o. So.o.o. No.th-west Nigeria

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Fro.tiers in Energy 2014年第2期8卷 145-159页

作者： o. D. o.IJEAGBo. o.useyi. o.A JAYI Mechanical Engineering Department University of Lagos Akoka100213 Nigeria Mechanical Engineering Departmenl Covenant University Ota 112101 Nigeria

An assessment o. the po.ential and eco.o.ic viability o. standalo.e hybrid systems fo. an o.f-grid rural co.munity o. So.o.o. No.th-west Nigeria was co.ducted. A specific electric lo.d pro.ile was develo.ed to.suite the co.munity co.sisting 200 ho.es, a scho.l and a co.munity health center. The data o.tained fro. the Nigeria Meteo.o.o.ical Department, o.ho.i, Lago. （daily mean wind speeds, and daily glo.al so.ar radiatio. fo. 24 years fro. 1987 to.2010） were used. An assessment o. the design that will o.timally meet the daily lo.d demand with a lo.s o. lo.d pro.ability （Lo.P） o. 0.01 was perfo.med, co.sidering 3 stand-alo.e applicatio.s o. pho.o.o.taic （PV）, wind and diesel, and 3 hybrid designs o. wind-PV, wind-diesel, and so.ar-diesel. The diesel standalo.e system （DSS） was taken as the basis o. co.pariso. as the experimental lo.atio. has no.co.nectio. to.a distributio. netwo.k. The Ho.ER so.tware o.timizing to.l was engaged fo.lo.ing the feasibility analysis with the RETScreen so.tware. The wind standalo.e system （WSS） was fo.nd to.be the o.timal means o. pro.ucing renewable electricity in terms o. life cycle co.t as well as levelised co.t o. pro.ucing energy at $0.15/（kW. h）. This is co.petitive with grid electricity, which is presently at a co.t o. appro.imately $0.09/（kW.h） and 410% better than the co.ventio.al DSS at a levelized co.t o. energy （LCo.） o. $0.62/kWh. The WSS is pro.o.ed fo. co.munities aro.nd the study site.

关键词： pho.o.o.taic (PV) po.er wind po.er so.arwind hybrid co.t per kilo.att-ho.r clean energy

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BIPo.AR PULSED PECVD o. ALUMINA HARD Co.TINGS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2002年第1期15卷 1-5页

作者： o. Kyrylo. R. Cremer D. Neuschutz Lehrstuhl fur Theo.etische Huttenkunde RWTH AachenD-52056 AachenGermany

In the last years a variety o. plasma so.rces have been develo.ed fo. filmdepo.itio. by plasma activated depo.itio. techniques. In additio. to.RF- and DC-so.rces, pulsedplasma so.rces are gaining increased attentio.. This interest is driven by the wish o. depo.itingco.tings with superio. pro.erties as co.pared to.tho.e depo.ited by co.ventio.al techniques. o.epro.inent example o. co.tings that are significantly enhanced by the usage o. pulsed plasmas isalumina. Altho.gh crystalline o.alumina can be depo.ited by thermal CVD at temperatures abo.e 1000deg C fo. two.decades, no.pro.ess fo. the depo.itio. o. crystalline alumina o. heat sensitivesubstrates like tempered steels at lo. temperatures is co.mercially available up to.no.. In thispaper, the depo.itio. o. alumina films fro. gaseo.s mixtures o. AlCl_3-N_2-H_2-Ar in a bipo.arpulsed glo. discharge at abo.t 500 deg C is repo.ted. Special attentio. was paid o. the co.relatio.between plasma characteristics and film pro.erties. The measurements revealed that the pro.erties o.the resulting co.tings were significantly influenced by the characteristics o. the po.er *** o. the gas co.po.itio. and the plasma parameters, alumina films with high hardness andgo.d adhesio. were depo.ited.

关键词： alumina PECVD structure bipo.ar pulsed glo. discharge

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