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Scenario.Analysis o. Tillage, Residue and Fertilizatio. Management Effects o. So.l o.ganic Carb.0} Dynamics

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Pedo.phere 2005年第4期15卷 473-483页

作者： WANG Xiao.b.n CAI Dian-Xio.g W. b. Ho.GMo.D o. o.NEMA u. D. PERDo. So.l and Fertilizer Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 （China） So.l Techno.o.y Gro.p Wageningen University P. O. Box 17 6700 AA Wageningen （The Netherlands） So.l Quality Gro.p Wageningen University P. O. Box 8005 6700 EC Wageningen （The Netherlands）

b.sed o. data fro. 10-year field experiments o. residue/fertilizer management in the dryland farming regio. o. no.thern China, Century mo.el was used to.simulate the site-specific eco.ystem dynamics thro.gh adjustment o. the mo.el＇s parameters, and the applicab.lity o. the mo.el to.pro.o.e so.l o.ganic carb.0} （So.） management tempo.ally and spatially, in cases such as o. tillage/residue/fertilizatio. management o.tio.s, was identified v/a scenario.*** b.tween simulatio.s and actual measurements were in clo.e agreement when appro.riate applicatio.s o. sto.er,manure and ino.ganic fertilizer were co.b.ned. Simulatio.s o. extreme C/N ratio. with added o.ganic materials tended to.underestimate the measured effects. Scenario. o. changed tillage metho.s, residue practices and fertilizatio. o.tio.s sho.ed po.ential to.maintain and enhance So. in the lo.g run, while increasing ino.ganic N slo.ed do.n the So. turno.er rate b.t did no. create a net C sink witho.t any o.ganic C input. The Century mo.el simulatio. sho.ed a go.d relatio.ship b.tween annual C inputs to.the so.l and the rate o. C sequestratio. in the to. 20 cm layer and pro.ided quantitative estimatio.s o. changes in parameters crucial fo. sustainab.e land use and management. Co.servatio. tillage practices fo. sustainab.e land use sho.ld b. integrated with residue management and appreciab.e o.ganic and ino.ganic fertilizer applicatio., adapted acco.ding to.the lo.al residue reso.rce, so.l fertility and pro.uctio. co.ditio.s. At least 50% residue return into.the so.l was needed annually fo. maintenance o. So. b.lance, and manure amendment was impo.tant fo. enhancement o. So. in small cro.-livesto.k systems in which cro. residue land applicatio. was limited.

关键词： Century mo.el co.servatio. tillage cro. residue dryland so.l o.ganic carb.0}

Metal o.ganic Chemical Vapo.r Depo.ited Thin Films o. Co.alt o.ide Prepared via Co.alt Acetylaceto.ate

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Jo.rnal o. Materials Science & Techno.o.y 2009年第1期25卷 85-89页

作者： C.u. Mo.di M.A. Eleruja b.A. Taleatu G.o. Egharevb. A.V. Adedeji o.o. Akinwunmi b. o.o.injana C. Jeynes E.o.b. Ajayi Department o. Physics Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department o. Chemistry Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department o. Physics Auburn University Alabama United States Department o. Electro.ics and Electrical Engineering University of Surrey Guildford Surrey GU2 7XH UK

The single so.id so.rce precurso., co.alt （Ⅱ） acetylaceto.ate was prepared and characterized b. infrared spectro.co.y. Thin films o. co.alt o.ide were depo.ited o. so.a lime glass sub.trates thro.gh the pyro.ysis （metal o.ganic chemical vapo.r depo.itio. （Mo.VD）） o. single so.id so.rce precurso., co.alt acetylaceto.ate, Co.C5H7o.]2 at a temperature o. 420℃. The co.po.itio.al characterizatio. carried o.t b. rutherfo.d b.ckscattering spectro.co.y and X-ray diffractio. （XRD）, sho.ed that the films have a sto.chio.etry o. Co.o. and an average thickness o. 227±0.2 nm. A direct energy gap o. 2,15±0.01 eV was calculated b. the data o.tained b. o.tical ab.o.ptio. spectro.co.y. The mo.pho.o.y o. the films o.tained b. scanning electro. micro.co.y, sho.ed that the grains were co.tinuo.s and unifo.mly distrib.ted at vario.s magnificatio.s, while the average grain size was less than i micro. fo. the depo.ited thin films o. co.alt o.ide.

关键词： Precurso. Thin film o.ide Metal o.ganic chemical vapo.r depo.itio. (Mo.VD) Rutherfo.d b.ckscattering spectro.co.y (Rb.)

Synthesis and Crystal Structure o. Trans-b.s(acesulfamato.o.tetraaquazinc(Ⅱ)

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Chinese Jo.rnal o. Structural Chemistry 2010年第7期29卷 1047-1050页

作者： SAHIN o.ur ICb.DAK Hasan b.u|¨)Y(u|¨)KG(u|¨)NG(o.¨)R o.han Department o. Physics Faculty of Arts and SciencesOndokuz Mayis UniversitySamsunTurkey Department o. Chemistry Faculty of Arts and SciencesOndokuz Mayis UniversitySamsunTurkey

The title co.po.nd, trans-b.s（acesulfamato.o.tetraaquazinc（Ⅱ）（I, C8H16N2o.2S2Zn）, crystallizes in the triclinic system, space gro.p P1 with a = 5.1638（5）, b.= 8.5338（9）, c = 9.9583（9）A, α = 74.325（8）, β = 81.112（7）, γ = 75.800（8）°, V= 407.77（7） A3, Z = 1, F（000） = 236, Rint = 0.085, T= 296 K, the final R = 0.029 and wR = 0.078 fo. 1832 o.served reflectio.s with I〉 2σ（0. The ZnⅡcentre resides o. a centre o. symmetry and has a disto.ted o.tahedral geo.etry. The b.sal plane is defined b. two.carb.0}yl o.ato.s o. two.mo.o.entate trans-o.iented acesulfamato.ligands and two.trans-aqua ligands. The axial po.itio.s in the o.tahedro. are o.cupied b. two.trans-aqua ligands. Intermo.ecular o.H…o.hydro.en b.0}ds pro.uce R22（8） and R22（16） rings, which lead to.two. dimensio.al po.ymeric chains.

关键词： crystal structure zinc(Ⅱ) o.tahedral co.plex hydro.en b.0}ds

Synthesis and So.e Pro.erties o. Metal o.ganic Chemical Vapo.r Depo.ited Mo.yb.enum o.ysulphide Thin Films

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Jo.rnal o. Materials Science & Techno.o.y 2010年第6期26卷 552-557页

作者： b.o.o.injana G.o.Egharevb. M.A.Eleruja C.Jeynes A.V.Adedeji o.o.Akinwunmi b.A.Taleatu C.u.Mo.di E.o.b.Ajayi Department o. Physics Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-IfeNigeria Department o. Chemistry Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-IfeNigeria Department o. Electro.ic and Electrical Engineering University of SurreyGuildfordSurrey GU2 5XHUK Department o. Chemistry and Physics Elizabeth City State UniversityElizabeth CityNC 27909USA

Mo.yb.enum o.o.ithio.arb.mate was prepared as thin films which were depo.ited o. so.alime glass a single so.id so.rce precurso. fo. mo.yb.enum o.ysulphide sub.trates using metal o.ganic chemical vapo.r depo.itio. （Mo.VD） technique at a temperature o. 420~C. Rutherfo.d b.ckscattering spectro.co.y （Rb.） was used to.determine the elemental co.po.itio. o. the film which sho.ed that the films co.tained large amo.nts o. o.ygen. The large amo.nt o. o.ygen was attrib.ted to.the large ab.ndance o. o.ygen in the starting material. A direct o.tical energy gap o. 3.31 eV was o.tained fro. the analysis o. the ab.o.ptio. spectrum. The scanning electro. micro.co.y （SEM） micro.raphs o. the films sho.ed that the films were co.tinuo.s and po.o.s. An estimated average size o. the grains was b.lo. 5 #m. X-ray diffractio. （XRD） sho.ed that the depo.ited films were crystalline in nature.

关键词： Mo.yb.enum o.o.ithio.arb.mate Mo.yb.enum o.ysulphide Metal o.ganic chemical vapo.r depo.itio. (Mo.VD) Thin film

Cigarette Smo.ing and Attitudes Co.cerning Its Co.tro. amo.g Healthcare Wo.kers in Enugu, So.th-East, Nigeria

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Health 2016年第11期8卷 1049-1058页

作者： I. b. o.o.o.o.E. o. Ndib.agu u. Ezeo.e Department o. Co.munity Medicine College of Medicine University of Nigeria Enugu Campus Enugu Nigeria Department o. Co.munity Medicine & Primary Health Care Enugu State University College of Medicine Enugu Nigeria

Intro.uctio.: Cigarette smo.ing is an estab.ished risk facto. fo. many diseases, and acco.ding to.Wo.ld Health o.ganizatio., health care wo.kers can influence po.itively o. negatively the smo.ing hab.ts o. the co.munity. o.jective: The purpo.e o. the study was to.investigate the prevalence o. cigarette smo.ing and attitudes regarding its co.tro. amo.g healthcare wo.kers in Enugu, So.th-East Nigeria. Metho.s: This cro.s sectio.al study was co.ducted amo.g 369 healthcare pro.iders rando.ly selected in primary, seco.dary and tertiary health facilities. Data were co.lected using a self repo.ted questio.naire o. cigarette smo.ing, and were analysed using SPSS Versio. 21, and statistical significance o. asso.iatio. b.tween variab.es was assessed using chi-square test at p o. university o. Nigeria Teaching Ho.pital, Enugu and info.med written co.sent was o.tained fro. the participants. Results: o.erall, 369 respo.dents returned the co.pleted questio.naires. 54.2% were males, 75.9% were aged b.tween 20 to.40 years, while their mean age was 27.5 ± 6.2 years. o.erall life time prevalence o. smo.ing amo.g healthcare wo.kers was 21.1% with (95% co.fidence interval 17.3 - 25.6), currently smo.ing was 6.5% with (95% co.fidence interval 5.8 - 7.4), while life time prevalence amo.g physicians was 31.7% with (95% ci 28.8 - 33.6). The highest smo.ing rate was amo.g the internists 72.7% in the physicians gro.p. Mo.e smo.ers significantly agreed that the fo.lo.ings sho.ld b. b.nned: cigarette sales (Xup>2up> = 22.134, df = 6, P = 0.003), advertising cigarettes (Xup>2up> = 42.532, df = 28, P = 0.040), cigarettes smo.ing in restaurants (Xup>2up> = 42.560, df = 20, P = 0.001), and smo.ing in all enclo.ed places (Xup>2up> = 33.257, df = 20, P = 0.025), b.t no. statistically significant fo. health pro.essio.als to.serve as ro.e mo.els (Xup>2up> = 24.420, df = 8, P = 0.086). Co.clusio.: o.r results sho.ed high percentage o. cigarette smo.i

关键词： Prevalence Smo.ing Healthcare Wo.kers

o.timal Allo.atio. o. Replicates fo. Measurement Evaluatio. Studies

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Geno.ics, Pro.eo.ics & b.o.nfo.matics 2006年第3期4卷 196-202页

作者： Stanislav o. Zakharkin Kyo.ngmi Kim Alfred A. b.rto.ucci Grier P. Page David b. Alliso. Department o. b.o.tatistics University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham AL 35294-0022 USA Divisio. o. b.o.tatistics School of Medicine University of California Davis CA 95616-8638 USA Department o. b.o.tatistics University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham AL 35294-0022 USA Clinical Nutrition Research Center Department of Nutrition Sciences University of Alabama at Birmingham Birm- ingham AL 35294-3361 USA.

o.timal experimental design is impo.tant fo. the efficient use o. mo.ern highthro.ghput techno.o.ies such as micro.rrays and pro.eo.ics. Multiple facto.s including the reliab.lity o. measurement system, which itself must b. estimated fro. prio. experimental wo.k, co.ld influence design decisio.s. In this study, we describ. ho. the o.timal numb.r o. replicate measures （technical replicates） fo. each b.o.o.ical sample （b.o.o.ical replicate） can b. determined. Different allo.atio.s o. b.o.o.ical and technical replicates were evaluated b. minimizing the variance o. the ratio.o. technical variance （measurement erro.） to.the to.al variance （sum o. sampling erro. and measurement erro.）. We demo.strate that if the numb.r o. b.o.o.ical replicates and the numb.r o. technical replicates per b.o.o.ical sample are variab.e, while the to.al numb.r o. availab.e measures is fixed, then the o.timal allo.atio. o. replicates fo. measurement evaluatio. experiments requires two.technical replicates fo. each b.o.o.ical replicate. Therefo.e, it is reco.mended to.use two.technical replicates fo. each b.o.o.ical replicate if the go.l is to.evaluate the repro.ucib.lity o. measurements.

关键词： experimental design measurement micro.rrays pro.eo.ics

Determinants o. Co.d Care Practices amo.g Mo.hers in Ab.kaliki, Eb.0}yi State, So.th East, Nigeria

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o.en Jo.rnal o. Preventive Medicine 2019年第5期9卷 43-50页

作者： u. V. Asiegb. o. G. Asiegb. C. T. Ezeo.u o. b. Ezeano.ike b. N. o.yire Institute o. Child Health Department of Paediatrics Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria Department o. o.stetrics and Gyneco.o.y Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria Department o. Paediatrics Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

Intro.uctio.: unhygienic co.d-care practices are majo. pub.ic health co.cern b.cause o. the asso.iated gro.s neo.atal and infant mo.b.dity and mo.tality. Vario.s facto.s have b.en linked to.these practices. This study aims to.identify the determinants o. co.d care practices amo.g mo.hers in Ab.kaliki, Eb.0}yi State, So.th East, Nigeria. Metho.s: A cro.s sectio.al questio.naire b.sed study invo.ving wo.en attending antenatal clinics and tho.e who.b.o.ght their b.b.es to.the immunizatio. clinics o. Federal Teaching Ho.pital, Mile Fo.r Ho.pital and Maternal/Child Primary Health Care Center, all in Ab.kaliki. Results: Two.hundred and seventy three mo.hers participated in the study. The majo.ity o. the participants aged 26 to.35 years (60.07%), had tertiary educatio. (49.45%) and were b.siness wo.en (38.46%). Mo.hers who.had seco.dary and tertiary educatio. b.sically applied methylated spirit (p-value 0.0014) and chlo.hexidine (p-value 0.0289) as a fo.m co.d care while tho.e who.had primary o. no.fo.mal educatio. cared fo. co.d using ho. water, Vaseline, clo.e up to.th paste and lo.al herb.. The mo.hers educatio.al status, o.cupatio. and parity also.determined the care given the umb.lical co.d after b.rth. Co.clusio.: Co.d care practices are determined and influenced b. several facto.s in Eb.0}yi State. Health educatio. and awareness campaigns sho.ld b. upheld and targeted amo.g wo.en o. child b.aring age fo.nd in wo.en meetings, lo.al markets and primary health care delivery centers especially in the rural setting.

关键词： Determinants Co.d Care Practices Mo.hers Ab.kaliki

ESb. Pro.uctio. and Multidrug Resistance o. Salmo.ella Sero.ars Iso.ates in b.nue State

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American Jo.rnal o. Mo.ecular b.o.o.y 2020年第3期10卷 200-223页

作者： b. o. o.pa G. M. Gb.riko. C. u. Aguo.u I. o. o.b.0}na Department o. Micro.io.o.y Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria

Studies o. ESb.-pro.ucing and multi-drug resistance o. Salmo.ella sero.ars distrib.ted in b.nue State were investigated. A to.al o. fo.r hundred and twenty (420) clinical sto.l samples, seventy (70) fro. each lo.al go.ernment area were rando.ly co.lected fro. selected ho.pitals and analyzed fo. the presence o. Salmo.ella spp. The iso.ates were characterized using Gram staining and b.o.hemical tests. The result o. AP120E b.o.hemical test strip which co.tained dehydrated b.cterial media and b.o.hemical reagents in twenty (20) separate co.partments. The result was o.tained b. evaluatio. o. the co.partments due to.o.served changes in after 24 ho.rs where o.hers were read b. adding up reagents (Ferric chlo.ide, Ko.acs V.P reagents). The results were analyzed afterwards in acco.dance with the manufacturer’s so.tware and po.itive results with ≥89% po.ential were co.firmed as Salmo.ella spp. Amplified plasmids derived fro. 18 Salmo.ella strains reco.nized were made up o. 23,130 b.se pairs. ESb. (Extended-spectrum b.ta-lactamases) genes were lo.ated o. the plasmids. Two.o. the ESb. genes fo.nd were TEM genes and CTX-M (415 b.). Strains such as S. enterica Typhimurium-CP014981.1, S. enterica Enteritidis-CP007325.2, S. enterica Typhimurium-CP024619.1, S. enterica Typhimurium-CP023166.1, S. b.0}go.i-FR877557 and S. enterica Enteritidis-TY1 po.sessed TEM genes where as S. enterica Heidelb.rg-CP019176.1, S. enterica Typhi-AL513382.1 and S. enterica Typhimurium-MH196335.1 po.sessed CTX-M. Antib.o.ic resistance testing was perfo.med using Kirb.-b.uer disc diffusio. metho.. The o.erall percentage susceptib.lity o. the eight antib.o.ics tested o. Salmo.ella sero.ars iso.ates sho.s that GEN had the highest % susceptib.lity o. 100% fo.lo.ed b. NIT (72.2%) and Co. (66.7%) b.fo.e and after plasmid curing. % susceptib.lity was lo.er b.fo.e curing than after curing i

关键词： ESb. Salmo.ella Sero.ars Susceptib.lity

Develo.ment and characterizatio. o. a micro.luidic gluco.e sensing system b.sed o. an enzymatic micro.eacto. and chemiluminescence detectio.

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第4期55卷 515-523页

作者： Mo.N b.-u. de VRIES M.G. WESTERINK b.H.C. VERPo.RTE E. b.o.o.ito.ing and Senso.ing Department of Pharmacy University of Groningen Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713AV Groningen The Netherlands Pharmaceutical Analysis Department of Pharmacy University of Groningen Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713AV Groningen The Netherlands b.ains-o.-Line PO Box 4030 9713AV Groningen The Netherlands

Chemiluminescence detectio. was develo.ed as an alternative to.ampero.etric detectio. fo. gluco.e analysis in a po.tab.e, micro.luidicsb.sed co.tinuo.s gluco.e mo.ito.ing system. Ampero.etric detectio. allo.s easy determinatio. o. hydro.en pero.ide, a pro.uct o. the gluco.e o.idasecatalyzed reactio. o. gluco.e with o.ygen, b. o.idatio. at a micro.lectro.e. Ho.ever, （micro.electro.es in direct co.tact with physio.o.ical sample are sub.ect to.electro.e fo.ling, which leads to.signal drift, decreased repro.ucib.lity and sho.tened detecto. lifetimes. Mo.eo.er, there are a few species present in the b.0}y （e.g. asco.b.c acid, uric acid） which can undergo.o.idatio. at the same applied po.ential as hydro.en pero.ide. These species can thus inter- fere with the gluco.e measurement, reducing detectio. specificity. The ratio.ale fo. explo.ing chemiluminescence as o.po.ed to.ampero.etric detectio. is thus to.attempt to.impro.e the lifetime and repro.ucib.lity o. gluco.e analysis fo. mo.ito.ing purpo.es, while reducing interference caused b. o.her chemicals in the b.0}y. The study repo.ted here represents a first step in this directio., namely the realizatio. o. a micro.luidic device with integrated silico. pho.o.io.e fo. chemiluminescence detectio. o. gluco.e. This micro.lo. device uses a chao.ic mixing appro.ch to.perfo.m enzymatic co.versio. o. gluco.e, fo.lo.ed b. reactio. o. the hydro.en pero.ide pro.uced with lumino. to.pro.uce light at 425 nm. The chemil reactio. is catalyzed b. ho.seradish pero.idase in the presence o. io.o.heno.. The perfo.mance o. the fab.icated chip was characterized to.estab.ish o.timal reactio. co.ditio.s with respect to.sample and reagent flo. rates, pH, and co.centratio.s. A linear calib.a- tio. curve was o.tained fo. current respo.se as a functio. o. gluco.e co.centratio. in the clinically relevant range b.tween 2 and 10 mM, with a sensitivity o. 39 pA/mM （R = 0.9963, o.e device, n = 3） and a limit o. detectio. o. 230 ktM （S/N - 3）.

关键词： micro.luidic chip – gluco.e sensing system – enzymatic micro.eacto. – chemiluminescence – chao.ic mixing