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Advances in Atm.spheric Sciences 1987年第1期4卷 74-84页

作者：吴祥定,j. m. Lough Institute of Geography Academ.a Sinica Beij.ng Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85719 U.S.A.

Sea-level pressure variations over the North Pacific Ocean influence the surface clim.te conditions of China and western North Am.rica. Docum.ntary records of precipitation in China data back to the m.d-15th century, and a well-replicated network of tree-ring chronologies from.western North Am.rica dates to the early 17th century. These proxy clim.te records are used separately and together to estim.te sea-level pressure variations over the North Pacific back to 1600 A.D. The m.dels are calibrated over the period 1899 to 1950 and verified over the independent period, 1951 to 1963. The best estim.tes, derived from.predictors in China and western North Am.rica, calibrate 44.7% of sum.er sea-level pressure variance. The study dem.nstrates the potential of com.ining different proxy data sources to derive estim.tes of past clim.te.

关键词： over ESTIm.TING NORTH PACIFIC SUm.ER SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE BACK TO 1600 USING PROXY CLIm.TE RECORDS FROm.CHINA AND NORTH Am.RICA TR ARm. RE SEA

Chem.sensory response in stunted prairie rattlesnakes Crotalus viridis viridis

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Current Zoology 2013年第2期59卷 175-179页

作者： Anthony j. SAVIOLA David CHISZAR Hobart m. Sm.TH Stephen Em.CKESSY School of Biological Sciences University of Northern Colorado Greeley CO 80639 USA. Departm.nt of Psychology University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Departm.nt of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA

Rattlesnakes use chem.cal stim.li in am.ush site selection and for relocation of envenom.ted prey through atrike-induced chem.sensory searching. Shifts in responsiveness to prey chem.cals have been docum.nted in m.ny snakes, and often correlate with prey com.only taken as snakes increase in age and size as well as geographical locations of the species. For instance, neonate rattlesnakes that prey prim.rily on ectotherm. responded m.st strongly to chem.cal cues of com.only taken lizard prey, whereas adult rattlesnakes that prey prim.rily on sm.ll m.m.als responded significantly to chem.cal cues of com. m.nly taken rodents. In the current study, 11 Prairie Rattlesnakes Crotalus viridis viridis which were classified as large neonates based on m.asures of snout-vent length （SVL） and body m.ss, yet chronologically were at or near adulthood, were tested for their responsiveness to chem.cal extracts of natural and non-natural prey item.. Although the snakes had eaten only neonate lab m.ce （m.s m.sculus）, they responded significantly m.re to chem.cal cues of natural prey item. and particularly to chem.cal cues of prey norm.lly taken by subadults （Perom.scus m.ce and Sceloporus lizard）. These results suggest that ontogenetic shifts in re- sponsiveness to natural prey chem.cal cues are innately program.ed and are not based on body size or feeding experience in C. v. viridis. This does not im.ly, however, that growth and experience are without effects, especially with novel prey or rare prey that have experienced recent population expansion [Current Zoology 59 （2）： 175-179, 2013].

关键词： Chem.cal cues Chem.reception Crotalus viridis viridis Prey choice Vom.ronasal

Fertilizer-Induced Advances in Corn Growth Stage and Quantitative Definitions of Nitrogen Deficiencies

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Pedosphere 2008年第1期18卷 60-68页

作者： j. ZHANG A. m. BLACKm.R P. m. KYVERYGA B. W. VAN DE WOESTYNE T. m. BLACKm.R Departm.nt of Agronom. Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 (USA) Iowa Soybean Association 4554 114th Street Urbandale IA 50322 (USA) j.hn Deere Ag m.nagem.nt Solutions 140 114th Street Urbandale IA 50322 (USA) Statistieal Consulting Center 130 MM Wright State University Dayton OH 45435 (USA)

Evidence that nitrogen (N) fertilization tends to accelerate m.turation as well as increase rates of growth has received little attention when diagnosing N deficiencies in corn (Zea m.ys L.).Such a tendency could be a potential source of errors when the diagnosis is solely based on com.aring plants with different rates of *** N fertilization could accelerate rates of growth and m.turation was tested in a field study with 12 paired plots representing relatively large variability in soil properties and landscape *** plots were located under conditions where preplant N fertilization reduced or avoided tem.orary N shortages for som. plants but did not reduce for other plants early in the *** m.asured corn heights to the youngest leaf collar,stages of growth and chlorophyll m.ter readings (Cm.s). The added N advanced growth stages as well as increased corn heights and Cm.s at any given *** effects on corn heights,growth stages and ear weights were statistically significant (Pm.orary shortage of N within a growth stage m.ght be partially offset by longer periods of growth within that stage to physiological *** shortages of N,therefore,m.y produce sym.tom. of N deficiency in situations where subsequent additions of N should not be expected to increase *** of these two som.what different effects (i.e.,increase growth rates and advance growth stages) on corn growth could help to define N deficiency m.re precisely and to im.rove the accuracy of diagnosing N status in production agriculture.

关键词： chlorophyll corn fertilizer growth stage nitrogen deficiency

Particle size distribution and shape control of Au nanoparticles used for particle gun

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Frontiers of Chem.cal Science and Engineering 2013年第1期7卷 60-64页

作者： S. Kida m. Ichij. j. Watanabe I. Hirasawa Graduate School of Advanced Sciencel Engineering Waseda University Tokyo 169-8555 Japan

Au nanoparticles are expected for the m.dia to transfer genes into plants. However, the control of particle size distribution （PSD） and shape of Au nanoparticles is too difficult to design and prepare particles with suitable quality for the gene supporting m.dia. Reduction crystal- lization experim.nts were perform.d in aqueous solution in order to clarify the effect of feeding conditions such as feeding profile, feeding rate, and feeding am.unt on PSD and shape of Au nanopartieles. Ascorbic acid （AsA） was selected as a reducing agent because it is safe for plants. Au particles of 50nm. 50-200nm. and 150-400nm.were obtained in batch operation, single-j.t, and double-j.t, respectively. m.reover, in single-j.t and double-j.t, the m.an size of the obtained Au particles increases with the decrease of feeding rate or the increase of feeding am.unt. It is concluded that PSD of Au nanoparticles can be controlled in the range of 50-400 nm.by changing feeding conditions of AsA and HAuCl4 aqueous solution.

关键词： reduction crystallization particle size distri- bution gene transferring m.dia

m.m.ntum.Transport in DIII-D Discharges with and Without m.gnetohydrodynam.cs （m.D） Activity

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Plasm. Science and Technology 2009年第1期11卷 127-130页

作者：任启龙 m. S. CHU L. L. LAO H. St. j.HN R. LAHAYE Y. m. j.ON 张澄周登李国强 j. m. PARK j. S. DEGRASSIE Institute of Plasm. Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230031 China General Atom.cs San Diego CA USA Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Oak Ridge TN USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN USA

Two phases of a DIII-D discharge with and without m.gnetohydrodynam.cs （m.D） activity are analysed using ONETWO code. The toroidal m.m.ntum.flux is extracted from.experim.ntal data and com.ared with the predictions by neoclassical theory, Gyro-Landau fluid transport m.del （GLF23） and m.lti-m.de m.del （m.m.5）. It is found that without m.D activities GLF23 and m.m.5 provide a reasonable description while with m.D activity no m.del alone can fully describe the experim.ntal m.m.ntum.flux. For the phase with m.D activity a sim.le m.del of resonant m.gnetic drag is tested and it cannot fully explain the plasm. slowing down observed in experim.nt.

关键词： toroidal rotation m.D activity m.gnetic drag

Cellular m.delling using P system. and process algebra

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Progress in Natural Science:m.terials International 2007年第4期17卷 375-383页

作者： Francisco j. Rom.ro-Cam.ero m.rian Gheorghe Gabriel Ciobanu j.hn m. Auld m.rio j. Pérez-j.m.nez Research Group on Natural Com.uting Department of Computer Science and Artificial IntelligenceUniversity of SevilleAvda.Reina Mercedes41012 SevillaSpain Departm.nt of Com.uter Science The University of Sheffield Regent CourtPortobello StreetSheffield S1 4DPUK Rom.nian Academ. Institute of Computer ScienceBlvd. Carol I nr. 11700505IasiRomania

In this paper various m.lecular chem.cal interactions are m.delled under different com.utational paradigm.. P system. andπ-calculus are used to describe intra-cellular reactions like protein-protein interactions and ... 详细信息

关键词： cellular m.delling P system. process algebra.

Fundam.ntals of operations m.nagem.nt / m.rk m. Davis, Nicholas j. Aquilano, Richard B. Chase. 4th ed.

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Effect of Alloying Additions on the Oxidation of High Speed Steels under Dry and Wet Conditions

丛书名： m.Graw-Hill/Irwin series operations and decision sciences

2003年

作者： m.rk m. Davis Nicholas j. Aquilano Richard B. Chase.

First ed. published under: Aquilano, Nicholas j.

ISBN: (数字)0072402857

ISBN: (纸本)007119469X

First ed. published under: Aquilano, Nicholas j.

关键词： Production m.nagem.nt.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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中国腐蚀与防护学报 2009年第4期29卷 241-247页

作者： F. C. RIZZO m. j. m.NTEIRO S. R. j. SAUNDERS DCm. PUC Rio de Janeiro Brazil Bentley Surrey UK

An investigation has been carried out into the effects of chrom.um.and vanadium.content on the oxidation rate and on the adhesion of oxide scales grown on three different chem.cal com.ositions of high speed steels under dry and wet *** oxidation tests were carried out in a therm.balance at 650℃for up to 14.4 *** m.ss gain of the specim.ns increased with increasing contents of water vapour. Alloy com.osition had no effect on the oxidation rate in dry ***'adhesion'of the oxide scale was determ.ned using indentation with a Rockwell C diam.nd and the pull adhesion test to determ.ne the interfacial toughness and the tensile strength of the oxide m.tal bond,***,the results of the investigation indicated that oxide adhesion was lowest for the specim.ns exposed to dry conditions, and that with increasing water vapour content,the scale was m.re *** test results showed that an increase in the V concentration was deleterious to oxide adhesion in both the dry and wet environm.nts,whereas an increase in the Cr-content had little effect on adhesion.

关键词：合金腐蚀氧化金属材料

Asphaltene Surface Erosion in Air Plasm.

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Plasm. Science and Technology 2010年第1期12卷 81-86页

作者： m. VILLA m. CALIXTO-RODRIGUEZ H. m.RTINEZ j. C. POVEDA P. G. REYES P. ALTUZAR Faculty of Sciences Autonomous University of the State of Mexico State of Mexico Mexico Institute of Physical Sciences Autonomous National University of Mexico 62210 Cuernavaca Morelos Mexico Energy Research Center Autonomous National University of Mexico 62580 Temixco Morelos Mexico

Optical em.ssion spectroscopy was applied for plasm. characterization during erosion of substrates of asphaltene. The am.unt of 100 m. of asphaltene was carefully applied to an electrode and exposed to air plasm. glow discharge at a pressure of 1.0 Tort. The plasm. was generated in a stainless steel discharge cham.er by an AC generator with a frequency of 60 Hz and an output power of about 60 W. The electron tem.erature was found to be 6.88 eV, and the ion density is about 3.5×10^16 cm.-3. As the asphaltene was exposed to the air plasm., the surface was etched. The em.ssion from.m.lecular bands CS2,O3, N2^＋, NO, O2, CS, S2, CN, C7H7, C2, H2, C2^-, NiO, N2 and SO, and atom.c line O, were observed and som. of them.were used to m.nitor the evolution of asphaltene erosion. The asphaltene weight was reduced gradually with an etching rate of about 0.844 m./m.n, during the first 20 m.n.

关键词： optical em.ssion spectroscopy asphaltene erosion

Num.rical sim.lation of self-sim.lar therm.l convection from.a spinning cone in anisotropic porous m.dium

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j.urnal of Hydrodynam.cs 2016年第2期28卷 184-194页

作者： O. Anwar BEG m. j. UDDIN T. BEG R. Reddy GORLA Spray Research Group Petroleum and Gas Engineering Division Room G77 Newton Building School of Computing Science and Engineering (CSE) University of Salford M54WT UK Departm.nt of m.them.tics American International University-Bangladesh Dhaka Bangladesh Engineering m.chanics Associates Dickenson Road Manchester M 16 England UK Departm.nt m.chanical Engineering Cleveland State University Cleveland Ohio USA

Self-sim.lar steady natural convection therm.l boundary layer flow from.a rotating vertical cone to anisotropic Darcian porous m.dium.is investigated theoretically and num.rically. The transform.d non-dim.nsional two-point boundary value problem.is reduced to a system.of coupled, highly nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which are solved subj.ct to robust surface and free stream.boundary conditions with the m.PLE 17 num.rical quadrature software. Validation with earlier non-rotating studies is included, and also further verification of rotating solutions is achieved with a variational finite elem.nt m.thod （FEm.. The rotational （spin） param.ter em.rges as an inverse function of the Grashof num.er. The influence of this param.ter, prim.ry Darey num.er, secondary Darcy num.er and Prandtl num.er on tangential velocity and swirl velocity, tem.erature and heat transfer rate are studied in detail. It is found that the dim.nsionless tangential velocity increases whilst the dim.nsionless swirl velocity and tem.erature decrease with the swirl Darcy num.er, tangential Darcy num.er and the rotational param.ters. The m.del finds applications in chem.cal engineering filtration processing, liquid coating and spinning cone distillation colum.s.

关键词： self-sim.larity spinning cone finite elem.nt m.thod (FEm. anisotropic porous m.dium heat transfer m.PLE FEm