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Independent effects of diet and exercise training on fat oxidation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第27期8卷 1137-1148页

作者： Ilaria Croci nuala m byrne Veronique S Chachay Andrew P Hills Andrew D Clouston Trisha m O'moore-Sullivan Johannes B Prins Graeme A macdonald Ingrid J Hickman School of Human movement and Nutrition Sciences University of Queensland Translational Research Institute the University of Queensland Diamantina Institute Bond Institute of Health and Sport Bond University Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation Queensland University of Technology School of Health Sciences University of Tasmania mater Research Institute University of Queensland School of medi-cine the University of Queensland Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Princess Alexandra Hospital Translational Research Institute Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Princess Alexandra Hospital

AIm To investigate the independent effects of 6-mo of dietary energy restriction or exercise training on wholebody and hepatic fat oxidation of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).mETHODS Participants were randomised into either circuit exercise training(EX;n = 13;3 h/wk without changes in dietary habits),or dietary energy restriction(ER) without changes in structured physical activity(ER;n = 8).Respiratory quotient(RQ) and whole-body fat oxidation rates(Fatox) were determined by indirect calorimetry under basal,insulin-stimulated and exercise *** of disease and steatosis was determined by liver histology;hepatic Fatox was estimated from plasma β-hydroxybutyrate ***;cardiorespiratory fitness was expressed as VO2 ***-case analysis was performed(EX:n = 10;ER:n = 6).RESULTS Hepatic steatosis and NAFLD activity score decreased with ER but not with EX.β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations increased significantly in response to ER(0.08 ± 0.02 mmol/L vs 0.12 ± 0.04 mmol/L,P = 0.03) but remained unchanged in response to EX(0.10 ± 0.03 mmol/L vs 0.11 ± 0.07 mmol/L,P = 0.39).Basal RQ decreased(P = 0.05) in *** EX,while this change was not significant after ER(P = 0.38).VO_(2peak)(P maximal Fa_(tox) during aerobic exercise(P = 0.03) improved with EX but not with ER(P > 0.05).The increase in β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations was correlated with the reduction in hepatic steatosis(r =-0.56,P = 0.04).CONCLUSION ER and EX lead to specific benefits on fat metabolism of patients with *** hepatic Fat_(ox) in response to ER could be one mechanism through which the ER group achieved reduction in steatosis.

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Steatosis Fat and carbohydrate oxidation Exercise Fitness Beta-hydroxybutyrate Ketone bodies Fatty acid oxidation

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Blood metal concentrations and cardiac structure and function in total joint arthroplasty patients

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第8期15卷 773-782页

作者： Peter C Brennan Stephanie m Peterson Thomas J O'byrne mariana L Laporta Cody C Wyles Paul J Jannetto Garvan C Kane maria Vassilaki Hilal maradit Kremers Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Laboratory medicine and Pathology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

BACKGROUND There is concern regarding potential long-term cardiotoxicity with systemic distribution of metals in total joint arthroplasty(TJA)*** To determine the association of commonly used implant metals with echocardiographic measures in TJA *** The study comprised 110 TJA patients who had a recent history of high chromium,cobalt or titanium *** underwent two-dimensional,three-dimensional,Doppler and speckle-strain transthoracic echocardiography and a blood draw to measure metal *** and sex-adjusted linear and logistic regression models were used to examine the association of metal concentrations(exposure)with echocardiographic measures(outcome).RESULTS Higher cobalt concentrations were associated with increased left ventricular end-diastolic volume(estimate 5.09;95%CI:0.02-10.17)as well as left atrial and right ventricular dilation,particularly in men but no changes in cardiac *** titanium concentrations were associated with a reduction in left ventricle global longitudinal strain(estimate 0.38;95%CI:0.70 to 0.06)and cardiac index(estimate 0.08;95%CI,-0.15 to-0.01).CONCLUSION Elevated cobalt and titanium concentrations may be associated with structural and functional cardiac changes in some *** studies are warranted to better understand the systemic effects of metals in TJA patients.

关键词： Total joint arthroplasty metal-on-metal Cardiotoxicity Heart failure Echocardiography Cobalt

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Towards a multiscale model of colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第9期13卷 1399-1407页

作者： Ingeborg mm van Leeuwen Carina m Edwards mohammad Ilyas Helen m byrne Centre for mathematical medicine and Biology School of Mathematical Sciences University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom Centre for mathematical Biology Oxford Centre for Industrial and Applied Mathematics Mathematical Institute University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3LB United Kingdom Division of Pathology School of Molecular Medical SciencesQueen’s Medical Centre University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2UHUnited Kingdom

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the best characterised cancers, with extensive data documenting the sequential gene mutations that underlie its development. Complementary datasets are also being generated describing changes in protein and RNA expression, tumour biology and clinical outcome. Both the quantity and the variety of information are inexorably increasing and there is now an accompanying need to integrate these highly disparate datasets. In this article we aim to explain why we believe that mathematical modelling represents a natural tool or language with which to integrate these data and, in so doing, to provide insight into CRC.

关键词： Intestinal epithelium Crypt fission APC mutations mathematical modelling Stem cell niche Wnt signalling

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Acoustic Supercoupling in a Zero-Compressibility Waveguide

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Research 2019年第1期2019卷 1086-1095页

作者： H.Esfahlani m.S.byrne m.mcDermott A.Alù Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research CenterCity University of New YorkNew York CityNY 10031USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Te University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Electrical Engineering Institute Ecole Polytechnique Fed´erale de Lausanne(EPFL)CH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division West BethesdaMD 20817USA Physics Program Graduate CenterCity University of New YorkNew York CityNY 10026USA Department of Electrical Engineering City College of New YorkNew York CityNY 10031USA

Funneling acoustic waves through largely mismatched channels is of fundamental importance to tailor and transmit sound for a variety of *** electromagnetics,zero-permittivity metamaterials have been used to enhance the coupling of energy in and out of ultranarrow channels,based on a phenomenon known as *** metamaterial channels can support total transmission and complete phase uniformity,independent of the channel length,despite being geometrically mismatched with their input and output *** the feld of acoustics,this phenomenon is challenging to achieve,since it requires zero-density metamaterials,typically realized with waveguides periodically loaded with membranes or *** to electromagnetics,the additional challenge is due to the fact that conventional acoustic waveguides do not support a cut-of for the dominant mode of propagation,and therefore zero-index can be achieved only based on a collective resonance of the loading *** we propose and experimentally realize acoustic supercoupling in a dual regime,using a compressibility-nearzero acoustic *** than engineering the channel with subwavelength inclusions,we operate at the cut-of of a higherorder acoustic mode,demonstrating the realization and efcient excitation of a zero-compressibility waveguide with efective sof *** experimentally verify strong transmission through a largely mismatched channel and uniform phase distribution,independent of the channel *** results open interesting pathways towards the realization of extreme acoustic parameters and their implementation in relevant applications,such as ultrasound imaging,acoustic transduction and sensing,nondestructive evaluation,and sound communications.

关键词： waveguide coupling realization

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Update of cholangioscopy and biliary strictures

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第34期17卷 3864-3869页

作者： marcus W Chin michael F byrne Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Vancouver General Hospital Amy Athelstan Saw Fellow University of Western AustraliaPerth 6009 Australia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Vancouver General Hospital University of British ColumbiaVancouver V5Z1M9 Canada

Cholangioscopy remains another modality in the investigation of biliary strictures. At cholangioscopy, the"tumour vessel" sign is considered a specific sign formalignancy. Through its ability to not only visualisemucosa, but to take targeted biopsies, it has a greater accuracy, sensitivity and specificity for malignant strictures than endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography guided cytopathological acquisition. Cholangioscopy however, is time consuming and costly, requires greater technical expertise, and should be reserved for the investigation of undifferentiated strictures after standard investigations have failed.

关键词： Biliary strictures Cholangioscopy Endo- scopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Endos- copy Cholangiocarcinoma

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Propofol use in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic ultrasound

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第18期20卷 5171-5176页

作者： Danny G Cheriyan michael F byrne Department of Gastroenterology University of British ColumbiaVancouver General HospitalVancouverBC V5Z 1M9Canada

Compared to standard endoscopy,endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)and endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)are often lengthier and more complex,thus requiring higher doses of sedatives for patient comfort and *** aim of this review is to provide the reader with information regarding the use,safety profile,and merits of propofol for sedation in advanced endoscopic procedures like ERCP and EUS,based on the current literature.

关键词： Propofol Endoscopy Ndoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Endoscopic ultrasound Safety

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Extraintestinal manifestations of Helicobacter pylori:A concise review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第34期20卷 11950-11961页

作者： Frank Wong Erin Rayner-Hartley michael F byrne Division of Gastroenterology University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V5Z 1M9Canada

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been clearly linked to peptic ulcer disease and some gastrointestinal malignancies. Increasing evidence demonstrates possible associations to disease states in other organ systems, known as the extraintestinal manifestations of H. pylori. Different conditions associated with H. pylori infection include those from hematologic, cardiopulmonary, metabolic, neurologic, and dermatologic systems. The aim of this article is to provide a concise review of the evidence that supports or refutes the associations of H. pylori and its proposed extraintestinal manifestations. Based on data from the literature, PUD, mucosal associated lymphoid tumors lymphoma, and gastric adenocarcinoma has well-established links. Current evidence most supports extraintestinal manifestations with H. pylori in immune thrombocytopenic purpura, iron deficiency anemia, urticaria, Parkinson’s, migraines and rosacea; however, there is still plausible link with other diseases that requires further research.

关键词： migraine Iron deficiency Urticaria Rosacea Immune thrombocytopenic purpura

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The Use of Prunus mume in the Development of Low Chill Apricot Varieties:the Status of Work in the United States

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北京林业大学学报 2003年第S2期25卷 15-16页

作者： David H.byrne (Department of Horticultural Sciences,Texas A&m University,College Station,TX 77843-2133,Email:d-byrne@tamu.edu)

Several groups in the USA have been working to de-velop a low chill apricot that would ripen its fruits veryearly in the season. Unfortunately, the cultivatcd apricothas been developed mainly from the high chilling Euro-pean group within the species Prunus armeniaca. Amongthe five groups within the apricot species, this is the mostrecently evolved and least variable (Bailey and

关键词： in on et as for of The Use of Prunus mume in the Development of Low Chill Apricot Varieties been Work

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A state-of-the-art integrative approach to studying neck biomechanics in vivo

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第7期63卷 1235-1246页

作者： ZHOU Yu CHOWDHURY Suman REDDY Curran WAN Bocheng byrne Ryan YIN Wei ZHANG Xudong Department of Industrial&Systems Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of mechanical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Industrial Manufacturing&Systems EngineeringTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79409.USA Department of mechanical Engineering&materials Science University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA

Neck injuries are significant causes of morbidity and mortality, and their chronic forms due to repetitive or sustained physical acts(e.g., prolonged use of mobile phone with a dropped head) are becoming increasingly more prevalent. many injuries are preventable but the prevention and control requires a clear basic understanding of the neck biomechanics. In this paper, we describe a first-of-its-kind study that integrates a gamut of state-of-the-art imaging modalities(dynamic radiography, computed tomography(CT), and magnetic resonance imaging(mRI)) and biodynamic measurements(motion capture, electromyography(EmG), force sensing), thereby investigating holistically the in vivo responses of the neck and its various interconnected musculoskeletal components during functional activities. We present a sample of findings to illustrate how the integrations at multiple levels can enable creating truly subject-specific neck musculoskeletal models and attaining novel insights that otherwise would be unattainable by a singular or subset of approaches.

关键词： neck injury neck biomechanics in vivo integration

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Chronic pancreatitis:a sequela of acute fatty liver of pregnancy

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2008年第1期7卷 101-104页

作者： Wichian Apiratpracha Eric m.Yoshida Scudamore H.Charles Alan A.Weiss michael F.byrne Division of Gastroenterology Department of medicine University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Division of Surgery Department of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada

BACKGROUND: Chronic pancreatitis following acute fatty liver of pregnancy is rarely ***: We treated a 34-year-old woman who developed acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) after delivery by caesarean section at 32 weeks of gestation. AFLP was complicated by acute pancreatitis and multiple organ failure. The management of the disease was primarily supportive. She recovered from acute fulminant liver failure and multi-organ failure, apart from the development of symptomatic chronic pancreatitis thereafter. RESULTS: Investigations failed to identify any other causes of chronic pancreatitis. The patient responded very well to pancreatic enzyme supplement for the treatment of ***: To our knowledge, this is the first report of chronic pancreatitis as a consequence of multi-organ dysfunction caused by AFLP.

关键词： pancreatitis, chronic fatty liver acute pregnancy multiorgan dysfunction syndrome

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