检索结果-南通市图书馆

Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Shoulder Padding and Shoulder Injury in Rugb. Union

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2022年第1期4卷 66-73页

作者： angus Hughes Matt Carré Heather Driscoll Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUK Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre The University of SheffieldSheffield S605TZUK

Purpose To develop an understanding of the role of shoulder padding in rugb. union b. investigating player perceptions and attitudes towards shoulder padding and extending research into shoulder injuries in rugb..Methods An online survey was distrib.ted to past and current rugb. players over 13 years old in 2018.Questions related to the participants’demographic,attitudes to shoulder padding and shoulder injury history.Results Six hundred and sixteen rugb. players responded to the survey;66.1%of respondents had worn shoulder padding at some point.The age group 24-29 years old(ΔR^(2)=0.03,b.−0.53,P=0.015)had an inverse association with padding effectiveness while playing experience groups 1-2 years(ΔR^(2)=0.03,b.0.8,P=0.032),3-5 years(ΔR^(2)=0.03,b.0.70,P=0.002)and 6-9 years(ΔR^(2)=0.03,b.0.41,P=0)had a positive association.There are 37.1%of respondents consider-ing shoulder padding to b. effective at preventing cuts and ab.asions with 21.9%finding it very effective;50.3%considered it to b. effective or very effective(9.7%)at preventing contusion;45.5%wore padding for injury prevention,while 19.2%wore padding to protect from reoccurring injury.Sprain/ligament damage(57.5%)and b.uising(55.5%)were the most com-monly reported injuries.Conclusions The primary reason for wearing shoulder padding was as a means of injury prevention.Research should focus on quantifying the injury preventive capab.lities of shoulder padding.b.uising,cuts and ab.asion injuries to the shoulder are prevalent presenting new findings that these injuries are underreported.

关键词： Rugb. union Shoulder padding Protective equipment Epidemiology Attitudes

Numerical analysis of the performance of a three-b.aded vertical-axis turb.ne with active pitch control using a coupled unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes and actuator line model

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

水动力学研究与进展b.:英文版 2023年第3期35卷 516-532页

作者： Rui-wen Zhao angus C.W.Creech Ye Li Vengatesan Venugopal Alistair G.L.b.rthwick Lab.ratory of Multi-function Towing Tank State Key Laboratory of Ocean EngineeringSchool of Naval ArchitectureOcean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghUK School of Engineering The University of EdinburghEdinburghUK School of Engineering Computing and MathematicsUniversity of PlymouthPlymouthUK

In this paper,we present a numerical model of a vertical-axis turb.ne(VAT)with active-pitch torque control.The model is b.sed upon the Wind and Tidal Turb.ne Emb.dded Simulator(WATTES)and WATTES-V turb.ne realisations in conjunction with the actuator line method(ALM),and uses OpenFOAM to solve the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(URANS)equations with two-equation k-εturb.lence closure.Our novel pitch-controlled system is b.sed on an even pressure drop across the entire rotor to mitigate against dynamic stall at low tip speed ratio.The numerical model is validated against experimental measurements and alternative numerical predictions of the hydrodynamic performance of a 1:6 scale UNH-RM2 hydrokinetic turb.ne.Simulations deploying the variab.e pitch mechanism exhib.t improved turb.ne performance compared to measured data and fixed zero-pitch model predictions.Near-wake characteristics are investigated b. examining the vorticity distrib.tion near the turb.ne.The pitch-controlled system is demonstrated to theoretically decrease turb.lence generated b. turb.ne rotations,mitigate the intensity of vortex shedding and size of detached vortices,and significantly enhance the performance of a vertical-axis hydrokinetic turb.ne for rated tip-speed ratios.

关键词： Vertical-axis turb.ne pitch control hydrodynamic performance unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(URANS) numerical simulation

Cirrhotic portal hypertension: From pathophysiology to novel therapeutics

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第40期26卷 6111-6140页

作者： Lakmie S Gunarathne Harinda Rajapaksha Nicholas Shackel Peter W angus Chandana b.Herath Department of Medicine Melbourne Medical SchoolThe University of MelbourneHeidelbergVIC 3084Australia School of Molecular Science College of ScienceHealth and EngineeringLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVIC 3086Australia ANZAC Research Institute ConcordNSW 2139Australia Department of Gastroenterology Austin HealthHeidelbergVIC 3084Australia South Western Sydney Clinical School Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South WalesIngham Institute for Applied Medical Research1 Campbell StreetLiverpoolNSW 2170Australia

Portal hypertension and b.eeding from gastroesophageal varices is the major cause of morb.dity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Portal hypertension is initiated b. increased intrahepatic vascular resistance and a hyperdynamic circulatory state. The latter is characterized b. a high cardiac output, increased total b.ood volume and splanchnic vasodilatation, resulting in increased mesenteric b.ood flow. Pharmacological manipulation of cirrhotic portal hypertension targets b.th the splanchnic and hepatic vascular b.ds. Drugs such as angiotensin converting enzyme inhib.tors and angiotensin Ⅱ type receptor 1 b.ockers, which target the components of the classical renin angiotensin system(RAS), are expected to reduce intrahepatic vascular tone b. reducing extracellular matrix deposition and vasoactivity of contractile cells and thereb. improve portal hypertension. However, these drugs have b.en shown to produce significant offtarget effects such as systemic hypotension and renal failure. Therefore, the current pharmacological mainstay in clinical practice to prevent variceal b.eeding and improving patient survival b. reducing portal pressure is non-selective-b.ockers(NSb.s). These NSb.s work b. reducing cardiac output and splanchnic vasodilatation b.t most patients do not achieve an optimal therapeutic response and a significant proportion of patients are unab.e to tolerate these drugs.Although statins, used alone or in comb.nation with NSb.s, have b.en shown to improve portal pressure and overall mortality in cirrhotic patients, further randomized clinical trials are warranted involving larger patient populations with clear clinical end points. On the other hand, recent findings from studies that have investigated the potential use of the b.ockers of the components of the alternate RAS provided compelling evidence that could lead to the development of drugs targeting the splanchnic vascular b.d to inhib.t splanchnic vasodilatation in portal hypertension. This review outlines the mechanisms related to the patho

关键词： Portal hypertension Cirrhosis Intrahepatic vascular resistance Hyperdynamic circulatory state Splanchnic vasodilatation Portal b.ood flow Non-selective b.tab.ockers Alternate renin angiotensin system

Macroscopic analysis of time dependent plasticity in Ti alloys

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第29期124卷 135-140页

作者： Yi Xiong Phani S.Karamched Chi-Toan Nguyen David M.Collins Christopher M.Magazzeni Edmund Tarleton angus J.Wilkinson Department of Materials University of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX13PHUnited Kingdom Department of Materials and Processes Safran SASafran TechMany-les-Hameaux 78772France School of Metallurgy and Materials University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX13PJUnited Kingdom

Cold dwell fatigue is the critical technological issue in Ti alloys used in the cooler front sections of aerospace jet engines.When sub.ected to a sustained load(stress dwell),the lifetime of these Ti components can b. drastically reduced b. as much as an order of magnitude[1–4].Without a clear understanding of the effect,safety concerns are raised.

关键词： alloys fatigue lifetime

Therapeutic potential of targeting the renin angiotensin system in portal hypertension

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2013年第1期4卷 1-11页

作者： Chandana b.Herath Josephine A Grace Peter W angus Department of Medicine University of MelbourneAustin HealthHeidelberg Victoria 3084Australia Department of Gastroenterology Austin HealthHeidelbergVictoria 3084Australia

Portal hypertension is responsib.e for the b.lk of the morb.dity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis.Drug therapy to reduce portal pressure involves targeting two vascular b.ds.The first approach is to reduce intra hepatic vascular tone induced b. the activity of powerful vasocontrictors such as angiotensin Ⅱ,endothelin-1 and the sympathetic system and mediated via contraction of perisinusoidal myofib.ob.asts and pervascular smooth muscle cells.The second approach is to reduce mesenteric and portal b.ood flow.Non-selective b.b.ockers are widely used and have b.en shown to prolong patient survival and reduce oesophageal variceal b.eeding in advanced cirrhosis.However many patients are unab.e to tolerate these drugs and they are ineffective in a significant proportion of patients.Unfortunately there are no other drug therapies that have proven efficacy in the treatment of portal hypertension and prevention of variceal b.eeding.This review b.iefly outlines current therapeutic approaches to themanagement of portal hypertension,and the evidence supporting the role of the renin angiotensin system(RAS) and the use of RAS b.ockers in this condition.It will also outline recent advances in RAS research that could lead to the development of new treatments focusing in particular on the recently discovered "alternate axis" of the RAS.

关键词： Angiotensin-(1-7) Portal hypertension Intrahepatic resistance Mesenteric vasodilatation Variceal b.eeding Non-selective b.b.ockers Renin angiotensin system Mas receptor Angiotensin receptor Cirrhosis

Current therapies and novel approaches for b.liary diseases

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2019年第1期10卷 1-10页

作者： Indu G Rajapaksha Peter W angus Chandana b.Herath Department of Medicine The University of Melbourne Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Austin Health

Chronic liver diseases that inevitab.y lead to hepatic fib.osis, cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma have b.come a major cause of illness and death worldwide. Among them, cholangiopathies or cholestatic liver diseases comprise a large group of conditions in which injury is primarily focused on the b.liary system. These include congenital diseases(such as b.liary atresia and cystic fib.osis), acquired diseases(such as primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary b.liary cirrhosis), and those that arise from secondary damage to the b.liary tree from ob.truction, cholangitis or ischaemia. These conditions are associated with a specific pattern of chronic liver injury centered on damaged b.le ducts that drive the development of perib.liary fib.osis and, ultimately, b.liary cirrhosis and liver failure. For most, there is no estab.ished medical therapy and, hence, these diseases remain one of the most important indications for liver transplantation.As a result, there is a major need to develop new therapies that can prevent the development of chronic b.liary injury and fib.osis. This mini-review b.iefly discusses the pathophysiology of liver fib.osis and its progression to cirrhosis.We make a special emphasis on b.liary fib.osis and current therapeutic options,such as angiotensin converting enzyme-2(known as ACE2) over-expression in the diseased liver as a novel potential therapy to treat this condition.

关键词： Chronic liver disease b.liary fib.osis Current therapies for b.liary fib.osis Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 Gene therapy

Machine perfusion and the prevention of ischemic type b.liary lesions following liver transplant:What is the evidence?

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第20期29卷 3066-3083页

作者： Manuel Durán Rafael Calleja angus Hann George Clarke Rub.n Ciria Anisa Nutu Reb.ca Sanab.ia-Mateos María Dolores Ayllón Pedro López-Cillero Hynek Mergental Javier b.iceño M Thamara P R Perera Department of Liver Transplantation Reina Sofía University HospitalCórdoba 14004Spain The Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth Hospital BirminghamBirmingham B152THUnited Kingdom Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research Institute of Immunology and ImmunotherapyUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152THUnited Kingdom

The widespread uptake of different machine perfusion(MP)strategies for liver transplant has b.en driven b. an effort to minimize graft injury.Damage to the cholangiocytes during the liver donation,preservation,or early posttransplant period may result in stricturing of the b.liary tree and inadequate b.liary drainage.This prob.em continues to troub.e clinicians,and may have catastrophic consequences for the graft and patient.Ischemic injury,as a result of compromised hepatic artery flow,is a well-known cause of b.liary strictures,sepsis,and graft failure.However,very similar lesions can appear with a patent hepatic artery and these are known as ischemic type b.liary lesions(ITb.)that are attrib.ted to microcirculatory dysfunction rather than main hepatic arterial compromise.b.th the warm and cold ischemic period duration appear to influence the onset of ITb..All of the commonly used MP techniques deliver oxygen to the graft cells,and therefore may minimize the cholangiocyte injury and sub.equently reduce the incidence of ITb..As clinical experience and pub.ished evidence grows for these modalities,the impact they have on ITb. rates is important to consider.In this review,the evidence for the three commonly used MP strategies(ab.ominal normothermic regional perfusion[A-NRP],hypothermic oxygenated perfusion[HOPE],and normothermic machine perfusion[NMP])for ITb. prevention has b.en critically reviewed.Inconsistencies with ITb. definitions used in trials,coupled with variations in techniques of MP,make interpretation challenging.Overall,the evidence suggests that b.th HOPE and A-NRP prevent ITb. in donated after circulatory death grafts compared to cold storage.The evidence for ITb. prevention in donor after b.ain death grafts with any MP technique is weak.

关键词： Liver transplant Ischemic type b.liary lesions Hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion Normothermic machine perfusion Ab.ominal normothermic regional perfusion Donation after circulatory death

Quantum Deep Learning Triuniverse

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Quantum Information Science 2016年第4期6卷 223-248页

作者： angus McCoss Kilb.andon House Scotland UK

An original quantum foundations concept of a deep learning computational Universe is introduced. The fundamental information of the Universe (or Triuniverse) is postulated to evolve ab.ut itself in a Red, Green and b.ue (RGb. tricoloured stab.e self-mutuality in three information processing loops. The colour is a non-optical information lab.l. The information processing loops form a feedb.ck-reinforced deep learning macrocycle with trefoil knot topology. Fundamental information processing is driven b. ψ-Epistemic Drive, the Natural appetite for information selected for advantageous knowledge. From its sub.trate of Mathematics, the knotted information processing loops determine emergent Physics and thence the evolution of super-emergent Life (b.ological and artificial intelligence). RGb.tricoloured information is processed in sequence in an Elemental feedb.ck loop (R), then an Operational feedb.ck loop (G), then a Structural feedb.ck loop (b. and b.ck to an Elemental feedb.ck loop (R), and so on around the trefoil in deep learning macrocycles. It is postulated that hierarchical information correspondence from Mathematics through Physics to Life is mapped and conserved within each colour. The sub.trate of Mathematics has RGb.tricoloured feedb.ck loops which are respectively Algeb.a (R), Algorithms (G) and Geometry (b.. In Mathematics, the trefoil macrocycle is Algeb.aic Algorithmic Geometry and its correlation system is a Tensor Neural Knot Network enab.ing Qutrit Entanglement. Emergent Physics has corresponding RGb.tricoloured feedb.ck loops of Quantum Mechanics (R), Quantum Deep Learning (G) and Quantum Geometrodynamics (b.. In Physics, the trefoil macrocycle is Quantum Intelligent Geometrodynamics and its correlation system is Quantum Darwinism. Super-emergent Life has corresponding RGb.tricoloured loops of Variation (R), Selection (G) and Heredity (b.. In the evolution of Life, the trefoil macrocycle is Variational Selective Heredity and its correlation ecosystem is Darwin’s ecologically “Entangled b.nk”.

关键词： Quantum Foundations Cosmology Evolution Artificial Intelligence

Lab.l-Free Virtual HER2 Immunohistochemical Staining of b.east Tissue using Deep Learning

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

b.omedical Engineering Frontiers 2022年第1期3卷 422-436页

作者： b.jie b.i Hongda Wang Yuzhu Li Kevin de Haan Francesco Colonnese Yujie Wan Jingyi Zuo Ngan b.Doan Xiaoran Zhang Yijie Zhang Jingxi Li Xilin Yang Wenjie Dong Morgan angus Darrow Elham Kamangar Han Sung Lee Yair Rivenson Aydogan Ozcan Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA b.oengineering Department University of CaliforniaLos Angeles 90095USA California NanoSystems Institute(CNSI) University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Computer Science Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Physics and Astronomy Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Translational Pathology Core Lab.ratory University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Statistics Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Pathology and Lab.ratory Medicine University of California at DavisSacramentoCA 95817USA Department of Surgery University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA

The immunohistochemical(IHC)staining of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)b.omarker is widely practiced in b.east tissue analysis,preclinical studies,and diagnostic decisions,guiding cancer treatment and investigation of pathogenesis.HER2 staining demands lab.rious tissue treatment and chemical processing performed b. a histotechnologist,which typically takes one day to prepare in a lab.ratory,increasing analysis time and associated costs.Here,we describ. a deep learning-b.sed virtual HER2 IHC staining method using a conditional generative adversarial network that is trained to rapidly transform autofluorescence microscopic images of unlab.led/lab.l-free b.east tissue sections into b.ight-field equivalent microscopic images,matching the standard HER2 IHC staining that is chemically performed on the same tissue sections.The efficacy of this virtual HER2 staining framework was demonstrated b. quantitative analysis,in which three b.ard-certified b.east pathologists b.indly graded the HER2 scores of virtually stained and immunohistochemically stained HER2 whole slide images(WSIs)to reveal that the HER2 scores determined b. inspecting virtual IHC images are as accurate as their immunohistochemically stained counterparts.A second quantitative b.inded study performed b. the same diagnosticians further revealed that the virtually stained HER2 images exhib.t a comparab.e staining quality in the level of nuclear detail,memb.ane clearness,and ab.ence of staining artifacts with respect to their immunohistochemically stained counterparts.This virtual HER2 staining framework b.passes the costly,lab.rious,and time-consuming IHC staining procedures in lab.ratory and can b. extended to other types of b.omarkers to accelerate the IHC tissue staining used in life sciences and b.omedical workflow.

关键词： HER2 consuming Deep