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Degradation of Synthetic Dyeing Wastewater by Underwater Electrical Discharge Processes

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Plasma Science and Technology 2013年第7期15卷 659-665页

作者： S.D.KIM D.I.JANG b.J.LIM S.b.LEE Y.S.MOK Yeongsan River Environment Research Center National Institute of Environmental ResearchGwangju 500-480 Korea Department of Chemical and biological Engineering Jeju National UniversityJeju 690-756 Korea

Electrical discharge treatments of synthetic dyeing wastewater were carried out with two different systems： underwater pulsed electrical discharge （UPED） and underwater dielectric barrier discharge （UDbD）. Reactive blue 4 （Rb4） and Acid Red 4 （AR4） were used as model contaminants for the synthetic wastewater. The performance of the aforementioned systems was compared with respect to the chromaticity removal and the energy requirement. The results showed that the present electrical discharge systems were very effective for degradation of the dyes. The dependences of the dye degradation rate on treatment time, initial dye concentration, electrical energy, and the type of working gas including air, 02, and N2 were examined. The change in the initial dye concentration did not largely affect the degradation of either Rb4 or AR4. The energy delivered to the UPED system was only partially utilized for generating reactive species capable of degrading the dyes, leading to higher energy requirement than the UDbD system. Among the working gases, the best performance was observed with O2. As the degradation proceeded, the concentration of total dissolved solids and the solution conductivity kept increasing while pH showed a decreasing trend, revealing that the dyes were effectively mineralized.

关键词： degradation dyeing wastewater pulsed electrical discharge dielectric barrierdischarge

Energy based Random Repeat Trust Computation in Delay Tolerant Network

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第9期46卷 2845-2859页

作者： S.Dheenathayalan b.Paramasivan National Engineering College Kovilpatti628503India

As the use of mobile devices continues to rise,trust administration will significantly improve security in routing the guaranteed quality of service(QoS)supply in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks(MANET)due to the mobility of the *** is no continuance of network communication between nodes in a delay-tolerant network(DTN).DTN is designed to complete recurring connections between *** approach proposes a dynamic source routing protocol(DSR)based on a feed-forward neural network(FFNN)and energybased random repetition trust calculation in *** another node is looking for a node that swerved off of its path in this situation,routing will fail since it won’t recognize ***,in the suggested strategy,nodes do not stray from their pathways for *** is only likely that the message will reach the destination node if the nodes encounter their destination or an appropriate transitional node on their default mobility route,based on their pattern of *** EbRRTC-DTN algorithm(Energy based random repeat trust computation)is based on the time that has passed since nodes last encountered the destination *** to other existing techniques,simulation results show that this process makes the best decision and expertly determines the best and most appropriate route to send messages to the destination node,which improves routing performance,increases the number of delivered messages,and decreases delivery ***,the suggested method is better at providing better QoS(Quality of Service)and increasing network lifetime,tolerating network system latency.

关键词： MANETs energy competent dynamic source routing protocol delay tolerant network energy-based random repeat trust computation quality of service network lifetime routing

An Optimal Cluster Head and Gateway Node Selection with Fault Tolerance

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第2期35卷 1595-1609页

作者： P.Rahul b.Kaarthick Coimbatore Institute of Engineering and Technology CoimbatoreThondamuthur641109Tamil NaduIndia

In Mobile Ad Hoc Networks(MANET),Quality of Service(QoS)is an important factor that must be analysed for the showing the better *** Node Quality-based Clustering Algorithm using Fuzzy-Fruit Fly Optimiza-tion for Cluster Head and Gateway Selection(NQCAFFFOCHGS)has the best network performance because it uses the Improved Weighted Clustering Algo-rithm(IWCA)to cluster the network and the FFO algorithm,which uses fuzzy-based network metrics to select the best CH and ***,the major drawback of the fuzzy system was to appropriately select the membership ***,the network metrics related to the path or link connectivity were not considered to effectively choose the CH and *** learning fuzzy sets,this algorithm employs a new Continuous Action-set Learning Automata(CALA)approach that correctly modiﬁes and chooses the fuzzy membership *** the fact that it extends the network’s lifespan,it does not assist in the detection of defective nodes in the routing *** of this,a new Fault Tolerance(NQCAEFFFOCHGS-FT)mechanism based on the Distributed Connectivity Restoration(DCR)mechanism is proposed,which allows the net-work to self-heal as a consequence of the algorithm’s self-healing *** of the way this method is designed,node failures may be utilised to rebuild the network topology via the use of cascaded node *** on the fractional network information and topologic overhead related with each node,the DCR is suggested as an alternative to the *** compared to the NQCAFFFOCHGS algorithm,the recreation results display that the proposed NQCAEFFFOCHGS-FT algorithm improves network performance in terms of end-to-end delay,energy consumption,Packet Loss Ratio(PLR),Normalized Routing Overhead(NRO),and balanced Load Index(bLI).

关键词： Hybrid-manet cluster head gateway node failure fault tolerance distributed connectivity restoration

Modelling spontaneous combustion liability of carbonaceous materials

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2018年第2期5卷 191-212页

作者： M. Onifade b. Genc The School of Mining Engineering University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg 2050 South Africa

This paper presents predictive models to determine spontaneous combustion liability of carbonaceous materials （coals and coal-shales） using statistical analysis. The intrinsic properties and spontaneous combustion liability index were determined by testing 14 coals and 14 coal-shales from Witbank coalfields, South Africa. The relationship between these intrinsic properties （obtained from proximate, ultimate and petrographic analysis） and spontaneous combustion liability indices （the Wits-Ehac Index and Wits-CT Index） were established. The influence of the intrinsic properties of coal-shales in relation to coal properties affecting spontaneous combustion has been established using a statistical method. The linear regression analysis indicates better linear relationships between some of the selected intrinsic properties and spontaneous combustion liability index and thus, identifies the major intrinsic factors affecting their liability toward spontaneous combustion. It was found that a definite positive or negative correlation coefficient exists between the intrinsic factors and spontaneous combustion liability. A set of models to predict the spontaneous combustion liability was derived. The best significant correlation along with the most appropriate model as indicated by R-squared values, the coefficient of corre- lations and standard error was used to predict the incident of spontaneous combustion.

关键词： Coals Coal-shales Statistical analysis Wits-Ehac Index Wits-CT Index Spontaneous combustion

A Large-Update Feasible Interior-Point Algorithm for Convex Quadratic Semi-definite Optimization based on a New Kernel Function

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2013年第3期1卷 359-376页

作者： b.Kheirfam F.Hasani Department of Mathematics Azarbaijan Shahid Madani UniversityTabrizIran

In this paper we present a large-update primal-dual interior-point algorithm for convex quadratic semi-definite optimization problems based on a new parametric kernel *** goal of this paper is to investigate such a kernel function and show that the algorithm has the best complexity *** complexity bound is shown to be O(√n log n log n/∈).

关键词： Kernel function Interior-point algorithm Polynomial complexity Large-update methods

Spatial confirmation of termite mounds as bio-geo indicator for groundwater occurrences using ground magnetic survey: A case study from Perambalur Region of Tamil Nadu, India

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2022年第2期10卷 184-195页

作者： A Muthamilselvan b Preethi Department of Remote Sensing Bharathidasan UniversityTrichy-23Tamil NaduIndia

Termite mounds are conventionally surmised as one of the best bio-geological indicator for groundwater occurrence in places where they *** magnetic survey was carried out to prove the assumption about termite mounds as an important indicator for groundwater *** of 18 Termite mounds were mapped using handheld GPS to identify the suitable trend for magnetic *** considering all the criteria such as power lines,fences and fracture system,termite mound 2,12 and 18 were selected in the NNE-SSW trend,and the ground magnetic survey was conducted in ESE-WNW direction which is perpendicular to the trend of the termite mounds using Proton Precession ***,99 samples were collected with 5 m sampling interval and 50 m profile interval over an area of 22500 *** magnetic values varied from–7363 nT to 898 nT with the mean of–331 *** map of reduction to Equator indicates the presence of NNE-SSW and WNW-ESE magnetic *** signal map designated the presence of magnetic low in the WNW-ESE direction which coincides spatially with the magnetic *** magnetic profile lines have also brought to light the structurally weak *** body depth range was estimated using power spectrum and Euler method which are from 120 m to 40 m and100 m,*** present study appreciably brings out the spatial relationship between the termite mounds and the *** confirms the assertion with regard to termite mounds as an effective tool for groundwater exploration.

关键词： Termite mound bio-geological indicator Groundwater exploration Magnetic survey

Diurnal Methane Fluxes as Affected by Cultivar from Direct-Seeded, Delayed-Flood Rice Production

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2017年第9期8卷 957-973页

作者： Kristofor R. brye Alden D. Smartt Richard J. norman Department of Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA

Methane (CH4) emissions are known to differ between rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, where CH4 emissions from pure-line cultivars are often greater than from hybrids. Numerous field studies have shown that CH4 emissions follow a diurnal pattern, typically reaching their maximum during afternoon hours. However, it is unknown whether cultivar affects CH4 fluxes/emissions at various measurement times of day or how those cultivar effects may differ spatially across soil textures and temporally throughout the rice growing season. The objective of this field study was to evaluate the effects of time of day (300, 800, 1200, 1800, and 2300 hours) and cultivar (one hybrid and one pure-line) on CH4 fluxes before and after heading from a silt-loam and clay soil in a direct-seeded, delayed-flood rice production system. Enclosed headspace chambers, 30 cm in diameter, were used for CH4 gas sampling on 22 July and 19 August at a silt-loam site and on 29 July and 26 August, 2014 at a clay-soil site in the Lower Mississippi River delta region of eastern Arkansas. Methane fluxes measured pre- and post-heading ranged from 0.7 to 2.2 mg CH4-C m-2· hr-1 from the clay soil and from 2 to 7 mg CH4-C m-2·hr-1 from the silt-loam soil. Hourly CH4 fluxes and estimated daily emissions differed among measurement times of day (P 4 flux or daily emissions for a given day differs by soil texture and rice growth stage, but conducting CH4 flux measurements around late morning to mid-day appear to be optimum to best capture the mean CH4 emissions for the day.

关键词： Methane Flux Methane Emissions Rice Arkansas Hybrid Pure-Line Silt Loam Clay

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艺术·情感·理性

Mechanical properties of thixo-formed austempered ductile iron

丛书名：艺术哲学丛书

1988年

作者：（英）贝斯特（best D.）季惠斌等译

本书作者站在艺术哲学的高度,依据大量的艺术事实,精辟地分析探讨了现代艺术中情感和理性两大因素的特殊性质和奇异的功能,填平了两者之间的鸿沟。

ISBN: (数字)7500801963

ISBN: (纸本)7500801963

本书作者站在艺术哲学的高度,依据大量的艺术事实,精辟地分析探讨了现代艺术中情感和理性两大因素的特殊性质和奇异的功能,填平了两者之间的鸿沟。

关键词：美学理论

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2010年第S3期20卷 798-804页

作者： b.HEIDARIAN M.NLILI-AHMADAbADI M.MORADI School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering University of Tehran

Semi-solid processing of metallic materials has been investigated for some time;however,this innovative production process has not fully established for ferrous alloys like ductile cast iron in the industry *** alloys-specially ductile cast ironbecause of increasing complexity due to high temperature processing and some other limitations have been allocated a small share of this useful forming process to ***,this work describes that thixo-forming of ductile iron despite all of the limitations is possible even for thin sections(less than 1 mm).Die temperature and injection velocity are the most effective parameters to thixo-forming particularly for high melting point materials such as ductile cast *** behavior,shape factor of graphites and fluidity of thixo-formed specimens were *** addition,defects as well as shrinkage and cold laps were examined to achieve sound *** to successful thixo-forming,two step austempering was performed to accomplish a uniform structure with minimum untransformed austenite volume(UAV).Following austempering,tensile test was carried out and the results show good combination of tensile strength and elongation for treated specimens(1 137 MPa strength and 12% elongation in best situation).

关键词： semi-solid ductile iron high pressure mold filling segregation mechanical properties