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Reduction of Internal Standard Signals in Quantitative MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation 2012年第3期2卷 120-125页

作者： Walter b. Wilson Dickson M. Wambua norman H. L. Chiu Department of Chemistry and biochemistry University of North Carolina at Greensboro Greensboro USA Department of Chemistry and biochemistry University of North Carolina at Greensboro Greensboro USA 2Department of Nanoscience Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering Greensboro USA. Department of Nanoscience Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering Greensboro USA.

The advantages of combining qualitative and quantitative analysis on a single analytical technique have further extended the applications of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to the quantitation of various biomolecules. To achieve absolute quantitation, it is necessary to perform a calibration with standard dilutions. For the purpose of measuring DNA samples, a pure DNA oligonucleotide at different concentrations was chosen as a standard to perform the calibration of MALDI-TOF MS. In order to overcome the variation of signal intensity from repeated measurements of each DNA standard dilution, fixed amount of an internal standard was added into each DNA standard dilution. Instead of maintaining at a constant level, the signals of fixed amount of internal standard were decreased 73% from its initial level while the signals of DNA standard continued to increase within a linear dynamic range for quantitation from 0.20 μM to 12.5 μM of DNA. Attempts to identify the cause of signal reduction were systematically carried out. This is the first report on the extent of signal reduction in quantitative MALDI-TOF MS. These results represent a limitation on using MALDI-TOF MS to monitor the changes in concentration of two different compounds within a chemical or biological system.

关键词： MALDI Mass Spectrometry Quantitation

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密室里的较量

密室里的较量

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1984年

作者：（美）诺曼（b. norman）任章编译

本书收集了美国的《绝路逢生》、《自食其果》、《空中谋杀》等报告文学的内容

ISBN: (纸本)5319·29

本书收集了美国的《绝路逢生》、《自食其果》、《空中谋杀》等报告文学的内容

关键词：报告文学地点:美国年代:现代

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Collecting Statistical Methods for the Analysis of Climate Data as Service for Adaptation Projects

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American Journal of Climate Change 2015年第1期4卷 9-21页

作者： barbara Hennemuth Steffen bender Katharina bülow norman Dreier Peter Hoffmann Elke Keup-Thiel Christoph Mudersbach Climate Service Center 2.0 Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Hamburg Germany Hamburg University of Technology Institute of River and Coastal Engineering Hamburg Germany German Meteorological Service Hamburg Germany bochum University of Applied Sciences Institut für Wasser und Umwelt Bochum Germany

The development of adaptation measures to climate change relies on data from climate models or impact models. In order to analyze these large data sets or an ensemble of these data sets, the use of statistical methods is required. In this paper, the methodological approach to collecting, structuring and publishing the methods, which have been used or developed by former or present adaptation initiatives, is described. The intention is to communicate achieved knowledge and thus support future users. A key component is the participation of users in the development process. Main elements of the approach are standardized, template-based descriptions of the methods including the specific applications, references, and method assessment. All contributions have been quality checked, sorted, and placed in a larger context. The result is a report on statistical methods which is freely available as printed or online version. Examples of how to use the methods are presented in this paper and are also included in the brochure.

关键词： Statistical Methods Collection Climate Data Climate Adaptation

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14C-棉酚:棉花幼苗生物合成的最佳条件（英文）

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药学学报 1983年第1期18卷 57-63页

作者：黄燧明,Michael b Slaytor,Harry H S Fong,G A Cordell,norman R Farnsworth Australia 美国芝加哥美国芝加哥美国芝加哥伊利诺大学医学中心药学院生药及药理学系伊利诺大学医学中心药学院生药及药理学系伊利诺大学医学中心药学院生药及药理学系伊利诺大学医学中心药学院生药及药理学系伊利诺大学医学中心药学院生药及药理学系美国芝加哥美国芝加哥 Department of biochemistry University of Sidney Sidney 2006 New South Wales

将[1-14C]-乙酸钠加入棉花（Gossypium hirsutum ***-506）幼苗的培养液中,经四天的培育,得到最高放射活性的棉酚。实验中亦显示体外加乙酸钠具有激发棉酚生物合成的特性。每两百株棉花幼苗加入6 mg乙酸钠可得最高量的棉酚。

关键词：棉酚棉花棉花幼苗生物合成 [1-14C]-乙酸盐外加乙酸盐 14C-棉酚

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Chamber Size Effects on Methane Emissions from Rice Production

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2015年第10期5卷 227-235页

作者： Alden D. Smartt Kristofor R. brye Christopher W. Rogers Richard J. norman Edward E. Gbur Jarrod T. Hardke Trent L. roberts Department of Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA Department of Plant Soil and Entomological Sciences University of Idaho Aberdeen USA Agricultural Statistics Laboratory University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA Department of Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Arkansas Stuttgart USA

Quantifying methane (CH4) emissions from cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) production in the field has received increased attention recently due to methane’s importance as a greenhouse gas. The enclosed-headspace chamber technique is the standard methodology for field assessments of trace gas emissions. However, to our knowledge, no direct comparisons of measured CH4 fluxes and emissions from field-grown rice among differing chamber sizes have been reported. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of chamber size [15.2- and 30.4-cm inside diameter (id)] on CH4 fluxes and season-long emissions from rice grown on a clay soil in Arkansas. Chamber size did not affect (P > 0.05) CH4 fluxes on 10 sampling dates during the flooded portion of the rice growing season and only affected fluxes on one of four sampling dates after flood release. Total season-long CH4 emissions from optimally N-fertilized rice were 32.6 and 35.6 kg CH4-C haǃ·seasonǃ, which did not differ, and from bare clay soil were 0.74 and 1.75 kg CH4-C haǃ·seasonǃ, which also did not differ, from the 15.2- and 30.4-cm chambers, respectively. Chamber size (i.e., 15.2- or 30.4-cm id) did not result in differences in cumulative CH4 emissions from this flooded-rice study that was conducted on a Sharkey clay soil in northeast Arkansas. Results indicate that both 15.2- and 30.4-cm diameter chambers were similarly adequate for measuring CH4 fluxes and emissions from the clay soil investigated. The similarity in emissions results between chamber sizes also indicates that the 15.2-cm diameter chambers adequately facilitated the quantification of CH4 emissions in this study.

关键词： Methane Emissions Rice Production Clay Soil Arkansas

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Metatarsal Fracture Reduction and Fixation by Kirschner Wires: Technical Tip

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Surgical Science 2012年第6期3卷 344-346页

作者： Eli Peled Doron norman Eyal Melamed Department of Orthopaedics b Rambam Health Care Campus and The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel

The incidence of metatarsal fractures is not precisely known. Malposition might cause future metatarsalgia, mid-foot pain and discomfort, which may dictate an on-going need for in-shoe orthosis, shoe modification and, occasionally, operative correction. To minimize and prevent these problems, we describe a simple technique for reduction and fixation of metatarsal fractures by Kirschner wires. We have found this technique to be a simple and efficient way of reducing and fixing metatarsal fractures. It is applied easily by the closed and open technique.

关键词： Fracture Reduction Kirschner Wire Metatarsal Fixation Metatarsal Fracture Metatarsal Reduction

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重型载货汽车设计的展望

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汽车工程 1981年第1期 13-18页

作者： norman b. Chew,宋镜瀛美国Feightliner公司副总裁教授

本文先从社会因素对货车设计的影响谈起。再讨论技术和结构方面的动向。作者认为今后货车的发展以节省燃油为主,方法是: 提高柴油机的热效率。目前美国柴油机每马力小时耗油量约为163克,最好的为150克。预期十年内随着现在处于发展阶段... 详细信息

本文先从社会因素对货车设计的影响谈起。再讨论技术和结构方面的动向。作者认为今后货车的发展以节省燃油为主,方法是: 提高柴油机的热效率。目前美国柴油机每马力小时耗油量约为163克,最好的为150克。预期十年内随着现在处于发展阶段的技术完善之后,可望为145克。近期收益将从润滑油等的改进减少摩擦损失和附件驱动损火等和增压中冷中得到。用子午线轮胎特别是后轮用宽断面单胎代替双胎可减少滚动阻力,节油10～20％。用驾驶室顶部导流罩,改进驾驶室的外形等,可减少风阻35％,节油15～17％。所以十年后如发动机节油10％,共可节油达47％。总重36.3吨的汽车列车在水平公路上以88公里/小时车速行驶时,耗油率将为29.5升/百公里。为提高燃油经济性,提高汽车列车组合总重和列车长度是可能的和必要的。

关键词：挂车柴油机汽车拖车压燃发动机马力货运车辆货车拖头牵引车发动机变速器摩阻损失摩擦损失发动机寿命燃油经济性车辆

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Measurements of Fission Products from the Fukushima Daiichi Incident in San Francisco bay Area Air Filters,Automobile Filters,Rainwater,and Food

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2014年第3期5卷 207-221页

作者： A.R.Smith K.J.Thomas E.b.norman D.L.Hurley b.T.Lo Y.D.Chan P.V.Guillaumon b.G.Harvey Nuclear Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyUSA Department of Nuclear Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyUSA Department of Physics University of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil

A variety of environmental media were analyzed for fallout radionuclides resulting from the Fukushima nuclear accident by the Low background Facility (LbF) at the Lawrence berkeley National Laboratory (LbNL) in berkeley, CA. Monitoring activities in air and rainwater began soon after the onset of the March 11, 2011 tsunami and are reported here through the end of 2012. Observed fallout isotopes include 131I, 132I, 132Te, 134Cs, 136Cs, and 137Cs. Isotopes were measured on environmental air filters, automobile filters, and in rainwater. An additional analysis of rainwater in search of 90Sr is also presented. Last, a series of food measurements conducted in September of 2013 are included due to extended media concerns of 134,137Cs in fish. Similar measurements of fallout from the Chernobyl disaster at LbNL, previously unpublished publicly, are also presented here as a comparison with the Fukushima incident. All measurements presented also include natural radionuclides found in the environment to provide a basis for comparison.

关键词： Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Fukushima Fallout Air Monitoring Rainwater Automobile Filters Chernobyl

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Golgi protein-73:A biomarker for assessing cirrhosis and prognosis of liver disease patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第34期26卷 5130-5145页

作者： Nikolaos K Gatselis Tamás Tornai Zakera Shums Kalliopi Zachou Asterios Saitis Stella Gabeta Roger Albesa Gary L norman Mária Papp George N Dalekos Department of Medicine and Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine National Expertise Center of Greece in Autoimmune Liver DiseasesGeneral University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41110Greece Institute of Internal Medicine and Hepatology Larissa 41447Greece Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyUniversity of DebrecenFaculty of MedicineDebrecen H-4032Hungary Department of Research and Development Inova DiagnosticsInc.San DiegoCA 92131United States

bACKGROUND Reliable biomarkers of cirrhosis,hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),or progression of chronic liver diseases are *** this context,Golgi protein-73(GP73)also called Golgi phosphoprotein-2,was originally defined as a resident Golgi type II transmembrane protein expressed in epithelial *** a result,GP73 expression was found primarily in biliary epithelial cells,with only slight detection in ***,in patients with acute or chronic liver diseases and especially in HCC,the expression of GP73 is significantly up-regulated in *** far,few studies have assessed GP73 as a diagnostic or prognostic marker of liver fibrosis and disease *** To assess serum GP73 efficacy as a diagnostic marker of cirrhosis and/or HCC or as predictor of liver disease *** GP73 serum levels were retrospectively determined by a novel GP73 ELISA(QUANTA Lite®GP73,Inova Diagnostics,Inc.,Research Use Only)in a large cohort of 632 consecutive patients with chronic viral and non-viral liver diseases collected from two tertiary Academic centers in Larissa,Greece(n=366)and Debrecen,Hungary(n=266).Aspartate aminotransferase(AST)/Platelets(PLT)ratio index(APRI)was also calculated at the relevant time points in all *** hundred and three patients had chronic hepatitis b,183 chronic hepatitis C,198 alcoholic liver disease,28 autoimmune cholestatic liver diseases,15 autoimmune hepatitis,and 5 with other liver-related *** duration of follow-up was 50(57)mo[median(interquartile range)].The development of cirrhosis,liver decompensation and/or HCC during follow-up were assessed according to internationally accepted *** particular,the surveillance for the development of HCC was performed regularly with ultrasound imaging and alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)determination every 6 mo in cirrhotic and every 12 mo in non-cirrhotic *** Increased serum levels of GP73(>20 units)were detected at initial evaluation in 277 out of

关键词： biomarker Golgi protein-73 Hepatic fibrosis Cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis b Hepatitis C Aspartate aminotransferase/Platelets ratio index score

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Embryonic Hypertension Following Exposure to Teratogenic Doses of 5-Fluoro-2'-Deoxyuridine

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biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1996年第4期9卷 408-417页

作者： VINU D. PATEL RObERT S. NOLAN norman HU EDWARD b. CLARKA DAVID R. HOOTNICK E. MARK LEVINSOHN AND DAVID S. PACKARD, JR.(Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anatomy and Cell biotogy, and Pediatrics, Stale University of New York Health Science C Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology State University of New York Health Science Center Syracuse New York 13210 USA.

The teratogenicity of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdU) is well established. Previously, we have demonstrated that teratogenic doses of FdU produce hematomas and suggested that those hematomas produced skeletal malformations in chicken embryos. In this study, the cardiovascular effects of teratogenic doses of FdU in chicken embryos were studied. A dose of either 0.026 μg FdU or 0.030 μg FdU was injected into the yolk sacs of fertile chicken eggs containing embryos at Hamburger and Hamilton stages 17-19 of development. The embryos were then returned to the incubator. Aortic systolic and diastolic blood pressure,blood velocity and heart rate were measured at stages 21, 24 or 27 using a servonull system and Doppler ultrasound. In addition, mean arterial blood pressure, blood flow, and stroke volume were calculated from these data. Similar data were also recorded from uninjected and saline injected control embryos. Systolic and mean arterial blood pressures were significantly increased in FdU-treated embryos at stage 27. The other parameters measured or calculated were not significantly different from control embryos. Our study suggests that elevated systolic blood pressure in chicken embryos treated with FdU may lead to hematoma formation and subsequent birth defects

关键词： Deoxyuridine Embryonic Hypertension Following Exposure to Teratogenic Doses of 5-Fluoro-2

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