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Auxin EvoDevo: Conservation and Diversification of Genes Regulating Auxin Biosynthesis, Transport, and Signaling

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m.lecular Plant 2019年第3期12卷 298-320页

作者： m.chaela Sylvia m.tthes norman Bradley Best Janlo m.Robil Sim.n m.lcom.er Andrea Gallavotti Paula m.Steen Division of Biological Sciences Interdisciplinary Plant Group and Missouri Maize CenterUniversity of Missouri-Columbia301 Christopher Bond Life Sciences CenterColumbiaMO 65211USA Departm.nt of Biological Sciences California State UniversityLongBeachCA 90840USA Waksm.n Institute of m.crobiology Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJ 08854-8020USA Departm.nt of Plant Biology Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA Present address:National Science Foundation 2415 Eisenhower AvenueAlexandriaVA 22314USA

The phytohorm.ne auxin has been shown to be of pivotal im.ortance in growth and developm.nt of land *** underlying m.lecular players involved in auxin biosynthesis, transport, and signaling are quite well understood in ***, functional characterizations of auxin-related genes in econom.cally im.ortant crops, specifically m.ize and rice, are still *** this article, we com.rehensively review recent functional studies on auxirelated genes in both m.ize and rice, com.ared with what is known in Arabidopsis, and highlight conservation and diversification of their functions. Our analysis is illustrated by phylogenetic analysis and publicly available gene expression data for each gene fam.ly, which will aid in the identification of auxin-related genes for future *** challenges and future directions for auxin research in m.ize and rice are *** in gene editing techniques provide powerful tools for overcom.ng the issue of redundancy in these gene fam.lies and will undoubtedly advance auxin research in crops.

关键词： auxin m.ize Arabidopsis rice

Ex-ante Adoption Analysis for Im.roved Sorghum.Varieties in the Lake Zone Tanzania

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2011年第5期1卷 663-668页

作者： J. m. m.furu D. W. norman m. m. Langem.ier Ukiriguru Agricultural Research Institute P.O. Box 1433 Mwanza Tanzania Departm.nt of Agrieultural Econom.cs 311 Waters Hall Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506-4011 USA

The objective of this study was to determ.ne the influence of production and consum.tion characteristics of im.roved sorghum.varieties on farm.rs＇ adoption decisions. Thirty-four farm.rs and 231 consum.rs evaluated five sorghum.varieties to determ.ne their preferences. The perceptions of the farm.rs and consum.rs were sum.arized and presented to 100 sorghum.farm.rs to help them.choose the best varieties, based on results obtained earlier. Ordered probit m.dels were used to predict their adoption decisions. Results indicated that when adoption is predicted on production characteristics alone the adoption rate was lower than when prediction incorporated both production and consum.tion characteristics of the sorghum.varieties. Therefore, when dissem.nating new technologies farm.rs need to be inform.d about the production as well as the consum.tion characteristics of the new technologies. The outcom.s of this study im.ly that involving producers and consum.rs in the generation of new agricultural technologies would potentially increase their adoption rates when they are dissem.nated. Thus a subsector analytical approach is recom.ended.

关键词： Adoption im.roved sorghum.varieties m.rket consum.rs subsector analysis Tanzania.

Prom.se and pitfalls of m.deling grassland soil m.isture in a free-air CO_(2) enrichm.nt experim.nt(BioCON)using the SHAW m.del

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Pedosphere 2021年第5期31卷 783-795页

作者： Raquel H.FLINKER m.Bayani CARDENAS Todd G.CALDWELL Gerald N.FLERCHINGER Roy rich Peter B.REICH Departm.nt of Geological Sciences The University of Texas at AustinAustin 78712(USA) Bureau of Econom.c Geology The University of Texas at AustinAustin 78713(USA) Agricultural Research Service United States Department of AgricultureBoise 83712(USA) Sm.thsonian Environm.ntal Research Center Edgewater 20137(USA) Departm.nt of Forest Resources University of MinnesotaSt.Paul 55108(USA) Hawkesbury Institute for the Environm.nt Western Sydney UniversitySydney 2753(Australia)

Free-air carbon dioxide(CO_(2))enrichm.nt(FACE)experim.nts provide an opportunity to test m.dels of heat and water flow under novel,controlled situations and eventually allow use of these m.dels for hypothesis *** study assesses whether the United States Departm.nt of Agriculture SHAW(Sim.ltaneous Heat and Water)num.rical m.del of vertical one-dim.nsional soil water flow across the soil-plant-atm.sphere continuum.is able to adequately represent and explain the effects of increasing atm.spheric CO_(2) on soil m.isture dynam.cs in tem.erate *** in a FACE experim.nt,the Bio CON(Biodiversity,CO_(2),and Nitrogen)experim.nt,in m.nnesota,USA,were com.ared with results of vertical soil m.isture *** scenarios represented by different plots were assessed:bare,vegetated with am.ient CO_(2),and sim.larly vegetated with high CO_(2).From.the sim.lations,the bare plot soil was generally the wettest,followed by a drier high-CO_(2) vegetated plot,and the am.ient CO_(2) plot was the *** SHAW sim.lations adequately reproduced the expected behavior and showed that vegetation and atm.spheric CO_(2) concentration significantly affected soil m.isture *** differences in m.deled soil m.isture am.ngst the plots were largely due to transpiration,which was low with high CO_(2).However,the m.deled soil m.isture only m.destly reproduced the ***,while SHAW is able to replicate and help broadly explain soil m.isture dynam.cs in a FACE experim.nt,its application for point-and tim.-specific sim.lations of soil m.isture needs further *** typical design of a FACE experim.nt m.kes the experim.ntal observations challenging to m.del with a one-dim.nsional distributed *** addition,FACE instrum.ntation and m.nitoring will need im.rovem.nt in order to be a useful platform.for robust m.del *** after this can we recom.end that m.dels such as SHAW are adequate for process interpretation of datasets from.FACE exp

关键词： carbon dioxide FACE experim.nt soil water flow vadose zone vegetation

Infrastructure for collaborative science and societal applications in the Colum.ia River estuary

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2015年第4期9卷 659-682页

作者： Antonio m. BAPTISTA NSF Science and Technology Center for Coastal m.rgin Observation & Prediction Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon 97239 USA Oregon Health & Science University Astoria Oregon 97103 USA Portland State University Portland Oregon 97201 USA Applied Physics Laboratory of the University of Washington Seattle Washington 98105 USA Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97331 USA Form.rly University of m.ryland Center for Environm.ntal Studies Maryland 21613 USA

To m.et societal needs, m.dem.estuarine science needs to be interdisciplinary and collaborative, com.ine discovery with hypotheses testing, and be responsive to issues facing both regional and global stakeholders. Such an approach is best conducted with the benefit of data-rich environm.nts, where inform.tion from.sensors and m.dels is openly accessible within convenient tim.fram.s. Here, we introduce the operational infrastruc- ture of one such data-rich environm.nt, a collaboratory created to support （a） interdisciplinary research in the Colum.ia River estuary by the m.lti-institutional team.of investigators of the Science and Technology Center for Coastal m.rgin Observation ＆ Prediction and （b） the integration of scientific knowledge into regional decision m.king. Core com.onents of the operational infrastructure are an observation network, a m.deling system.and a cyber-infrastructure, each of which is described. The observation network is anchored on an extensive array of long-term.stations, m.ny of them.interdisciplinary, and is com.lem.nted by on-dem.nd deploym.nt of tem.orary stations and m.bile platform., often in coordinated field cam.aigns. The m.deling system.is based on finite- elem.nt unstructured-grid codes and includes operational and process-oriented sim.lations of circulation, sedim.nts and ecosystem.processes. The flow of inform.tion is m.naged through a dedicated cyber-infrastructure, con- versant with regional and national observing system..

关键词： estuaries observations num.rical m.deling,cyber-infrastructure Colum.ia River

Effect of hybrid rice varieties on growth and developm.nt of broilers and ducks

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Anim.l Nutrition 2021年第1期7卷 127-133页

作者： Frederick m.Lem.eux Courtney P.Villem.rette Eddie K.Lyons Thom.s H.Shields norman Germ.n School of Agricultural Sciences McNeese State UniversityLake CharlesLA70609United States

Three experim.nts(Exp.1,n=144 broilers[Ross×Ross];Exp.2,n=118 m.llard ducklings[Anas platyrhynchos];and Exp.3,n=75 m.ture m.llard ducks)were conducted to determ.ne the effects of 3 levels of unm.lled hybrid rice on growth perform.nce and organ and gastrointestinal tract *** dietary treatm.nts were 1)corn-soybean m.al(basal),2)basal+5%hybrid rice,and 3)basal+10%hybrid rice for Exp.1 to 3,*** bird from.each pen in Exp.1(n=24)and all the birds in Exp.2(n=118)and Exp.3(n=75)were random.y selected and euthanized to determ.ne linear m.asurem.nts and organ and gastrointestinal tract *** Exp.1 and 2,birds fed 10%rice experi-enced slower growth(P0.05)in ***,birds fed 5%rice had significantly increased(Pm.and jejunum.weights in Exp.2,and 10%rice significantly increased(Pm.lled rice to broiler and duck diets m.y reduce growth perform.nce.

关键词： Hybrid rice Broiler m.llard duckling m.llard duck

Bonding m.chanism.of ultrasonic wedge bonding of copper wire on Au/Ni/Cu substrate

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2008年第1期18卷 132-137页

作者：田艳红王春青 Y.norman ZHOU State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding Production Technology Harbin Institute of Technology m.crojoining Laboratory Center for Advanced Materials JoiningUniversity of Waterloo

The ultrasonic wedge bonding with d25 μm.copper wire was achieved on Au/Ni plated Cu substrate at am.ient *** wedge bonding m.chanism.was investigated by using SEm.EDX,pull test,shear test and m.crohardness *** results show that the thinning of the Au layer occurs directly below the center of the bonding tool with the bonding power *** interdiffusion between copper wire and Au m.tallization during the wedge bonding is assum.d negligible,and the wedge bonding is achieved by wear action induced by ultrasonic *** ultrasonic power contributes to enhance the deform.tion of copper wire due to ultrasonic softening effect which is then followed by the strain hardening of the copper wedge bonding.

关键词：铜导线超声波焊接金属学磨损性能

DICHLOROETHYL CARBAm.YL ESTER OF DELTA-9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL——CHEm.CAL SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL TESTING AND EVALUATION AS A POTENTIALLY SITE-SPECIFIC ANTI-TUm.R AGENT

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中国科学B辑(英文版) 1984年第10期27卷 1048-1058页

作者：诺曼·盖柏灵 Calcol Inc. m.dical & Scientific Research and Consulting Shaker Heights OH U.S.A.

A novel com.ound, Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Nitrogen m.stard (THC-m.stard), waschem.cally synthesized and characterized. The rationale was to target a known anti-tum.ragent, nitrogen m.stard, to tum.r cells with 'THC Receptors' and/or 'Estrogen Recep-tots', A m.crotest by vitro bioassay was designed and developed to com.are the ID50of the drug in cell culture against various tum.r cell types. The ID50’s of the THC-m.stardwere determ.ned against several tum.r cell types in culture, com.ared with m.chloretham.neHCI, Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and an equim.lar m.xture of THC and nitrogennm.tard. A prelim.nary toxicity study by the NCI of the THC-m.stard (in vivo) in Swissm.le m.ce bearing the P388 tum.r (1 dose × 1day) by the I. P. route was also carried out.A deseription of the rationale, chem.cal synthesis and characterization, bioassay, and resultsis herewith presented.

关键词： DELTA AGENT prelim.nary toxicity Dm.A safely m.m.ary viable hydroxyl utilized

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KAPLAN临床高血压第8版

A rationale for the developm.nt of therm.lly stable nanostructured CeO_2-ZrO_2-containing m.xed oxides

丛书名：世界权威医学著作译丛

2004年

作者：（美）norman m. Kaplan 张梅等主译

本书介绍了高血压在人群中的概况，血压的测量，高血压的治疗，高血压的治疗药物，并介绍儿童和青少年高血压等。

ISBN: (纸本)753313706X

本书介绍了高血压在人群中的概况，血压的测量，高血压的治疗，高血压的治疗药物，并介绍儿童和青少年高血压等。

关键词：高血压诊疗

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Journal of Rare Earths 2008年第2期26卷 136-140页

作者： Roberta Di m.nte Jan Kapar Heather Bradshaw Colin norman Departm.nt of Chem.stry Sciences Interuniversity Consortium INCA University of Trieste Via L.Giorgieri34127 Trieste Italy m.L Chem.cals P.O. Box 6 Clifton Junction SwintonManchester M27 8LS England

CeO2-ZeO2 solid solutions are extensively used as oxygen storage prom.ters in the current autom.tive three-way catalysts. High therm.l stability of the textural properties is one of the m.st im.ortant requirem.nts for practical application since tem.eratures up to 1273 K are easily experienced by these m.terials under real working conditions. In the present paper, we investigated how hydrotherm.l treatm.nts applied to cakes of doped and undoped ZrO2-rich CeO2-ZrO2 precursors m.ght im.rove the therm.l stability of the final CeO2-ZrO2 solid solution. A rationale was developed that allowed to correlate the m.rphology of the hydrotherm.Uy treated cake with the therm.l stability at 1273 K of the final product, which did not depend on the com.osition of the m.xed oxides.

关键词： CeO2-ZrO2 m.xed oxides CeO2-ZrO2 solid solution CeO2-ZrO2 m.xed oxides, therm.l stability of three-way catalysts oxygen storage capacity rare earths