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Comparison between surgical outcomes of colorectal cancer in younger and elderly patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第12期17卷 1642-1648页

作者： Longxue Jin norio inoue Naoki Sato Susumu Matsumoto Hitoshi Kanno Yuko Hashimoto Kazuhiro Tasaki Kinya Sato Shun Sato Katsutoshi Kaneko Center for Digestive Diseases Northern Fukushima Medical Center Fukushima 960-0502 Japan Department of Pathology Fukushima Medical University Hospital Fukushima 960-1295 Japan Division of Anesthesiology Northern Fukushima Medical Center Fukushima 960-0502 Japan

AIM:To compare the outcome of surgical treatment of colorectal adenocarcinoma in elderly and younger ***:The outcomes of 122 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma who underwent surgical treatment between January 2004 and June 2009 were *** clinicopathological and blood biochemistry data of the younger group(<75 years) and the elderly group (≥75 years) were ***:There were no significant differences between the two groups in operation time,intraoperative blood loss,hospital stay,time to resumption of oral intake,or *** elderly group had a significantly higher rate of hypertension and cardiovascular *** perioperative serum total protein and albumin levels were significantly lower in the elderly than in the younger *** serum carcinoembryonic antigen level was lower in the elderly than in the younger group,and there was a significant decreasing trend after the operation in the elderly ***:The short-term outcomes of surgical treatment in elderly patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma were *** treatment in elderly patients was considered a selectively effective approach.

关键词： Colorectal tumor Elderly patient Morbidity Carcinoembryonic antigen C-reactive protein

控制隔震层发生过大位移的连接摩擦阻尼器的参数优化设计

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振动工程学报 2016年第2期29卷 201-206页

作者：邹爽五十子幸树井上范夫福见祐司广州大学工程抗震研究中心广东广州510405 东北大学日本仙台980-0845

为了避免和减轻由过大的隔震层位移引起的损害,提出了一种控制隔震层位移的新型阻尼器—连接摩擦阻尼器。介绍了阻尼器的构造和工作原理,并对其参数进行优化设计。将连接摩擦阻尼器作为大震时控制隔震层过大位移的安全装置来考虑,以一栋... 详细信息

为了避免和减轻由过大的隔震层位移引起的损害,提出了一种控制隔震层位移的新型阻尼器—连接摩擦阻尼器。介绍了阻尼器的构造和工作原理,并对其参数进行优化设计。将连接摩擦阻尼器作为大震时控制隔震层过大位移的安全装置来考虑,以一栋2层的滑移隔震木结构住宅为例,采用序列二次规划法对阻尼器的参数进行优化设计。构造参数优化目标函数和约束条件,求得连接摩擦阻尼器参数最优解。通过算例应用表明该方法在连接摩擦阻尼器减震设计过程中具有较强的实用性和有效性。

关键词：基础隔震摩擦阻尼器参数优化减震控制

滑移隔震结构设置连接摩擦阻尼器的地震反应研究

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华南地震 2017年第2期37卷 86-91页

作者：邹爽井上范夫五十子幸树广州大学工程抗震研究中心广州510006 日本东北大学宫城仙台9808579 日本东北大学灾害科学国际研究所宫城仙台9808579

针对罕遇地震作用下,滑移隔震结构滑移量过大控制力不足的问题,提出了带有连接部件,控制滑移隔震结构过大滑移量的被动控制装置-连接摩擦阻尼器。研究滑移隔震结构附加连接摩擦阻尼器时的地震反应情况,并通过实际算例分析表明:滑移隔震... 详细信息

针对罕遇地震作用下,滑移隔震结构滑移量过大控制力不足的问题,提出了带有连接部件,控制滑移隔震结构过大滑移量的被动控制装置-连接摩擦阻尼器。研究滑移隔震结构附加连接摩擦阻尼器时的地震反应情况,并通过实际算例分析表明:滑移隔震结构附加连接摩擦阻尼器能够在不削弱滑移隔震支撑对中小地震控制效果的基础上,有效地控制大震以及罕遇地震作用时,隔震层的最大滑移量和上部结构的响应加速度。验证了滑移隔震结构附加连接摩擦阻尼器的有效性和适用性。

关键词：基础隔震滑移隔震摩擦阻尼器地震反应滑移

Study on the flow structure around discontinued vertically layered vegetation in an open channel

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第3期32卷 454-467页

作者： Naveed Anjum norio Tanakia Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama UniversitySaitama-shiJapan International Institute for Resilient Society Saitama UniversitySaitama-shiJapan

The flow structure and geomorphology of rivers are significantly affected by vegetation patterns. In the present study, the effect of vegetation in the form of discontinuous and vertically double layered patches particularly on the resulting flow turbulence was examined computationally in an open channel. A k-ɛ model was implemented in this research work which was developed using 3-D numerical code FLUENT (ANSYS). After the validation process of numerical model, the impact of discontinuous layered vegetation patches on the flow turbulence was investigated against varying vegetation density and patch length. The mean stream-wise velocities at specified positions showed larger spatial fluctuations directly upstream and downstream of vegetation elements, whereas sharp inflections in the profiles were witnessed at the top of smaller submerged elements i.e. z/hs= 1 (where z is the flow depth and hs is the smaller vegetation height). The reduction in flow velocity due to tall vegetation structure was more as compared with that of short vegetation. The mean velocity in the patch regions was visibly higher than that in the gap regions. The profiles of turbulent flow properties showed more rise and fall within the patches with a high vegetation density i.e. Ss/d= 4;and St/d= 8 (where Ss/d and St/d are the smaller and taller vegetation spacing, while d is the vegetation diameter) as compared with low vegetation density i.e. Ss/d= 8;and St/d= 16. The turbulent flow structure in the large patch and gap regions was found to be more stable than that in the small patches and gaps;whereas, due to the variation in distribution form of the patch, turbulence is relatively unaffected, and the flow structure variation is low. Turbulence was observed to be large, followed by a saw-tooth distribution within the patches;whereas, low turbulence is observed in the non-vegetation regions. The turbulent intensity acquired maximum of 13% turbulence for dense vegetation arrangement as compared t

关键词： Discontinuous and layered vegetation patches open channel flow numerical simulation mean flow velocity turbulence modeling flow characteristics

Adaptive Process for SMART Community Governance under Persistent Disruptive Risks

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第4期9卷 454-463页

作者： norio Okada Institute of Disaster Area Revitalization Regrowth and Governance Kwansei Gakuin University

This article addresses the increasing need for participatory approaches to disaster reduction at the community level. Based on the author's 30-year engagement in the mountainous community Chizu Town, Tottori Prefecture, Japan, a unique participatory approach called ‘‘Zeroto-One Movement'' has been strategically studied. The study areas are found to have adaptively increased their coping capacity. Their unique participatory process is shown to be an adaptive process for SMART community governance under persistent disruptive risks—‘‘S'' represents small-sized and survivability-minded, ‘‘M'' modestscale and multiple-stakeholder involved, ‘‘A'' anticipatory and adaptive, ‘‘R'' risk-concerned and responsive, and ‘‘T''is transformative. Finally, the Case Station-Field Campus scheme is proposed to serve as a platform for studying the adaptive processes over a long period of time.

关键词： Case Station-Field Campus scheme Japan Persistent disruptive risks SMART governance Zero-to-One movement

Numerical investigation of velocity distribution of turbulent flow through vertically double-layered vegetation

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Water Science and Engineering 2019年第4期12卷 319-329页

作者： Naveed Anjum norio Tanaka Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama UniversitySaitama 338-8570Japan International Institute for Resilient Society Saitama UniversitySaitama 338-8570Japan

The velocity structures of flow through vertically double-layered vegetation(VDLV)as well as single-layered rigid vegetation(SLV)were investigated computationally with a three-dimensional(3D)Reynolds stress turbulence model,using the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)code *** detailed velocity distribution was explored with a varying initial Froude number(Fr),with consideration of the steady subcritical flow conditions of an inland *** VDLV flows,the numerical model successfully captured the inflection point in the profiles of mean streamwise velocities in the mixing-layer region around the top of short submerged *** upward and downward movement of flow occurred at the positions located just behind the tall and short vegetation,***,higher streamwise velocities were observed in the upper vegetation layer due to high porosity,with Pr=98%(sparse vegetation,where Pr is the porosity),as compared to those in the lower vegetation layer,which had comparatively low porosity,with Pr=91%(dense vegetation).A rising trend of velocities was found as the flow passed through the vegetation region,followed by a clear sawtooth distribution,as compared to the regions just upstream and downstream of vegetation where the flow was almost *** VDLV flows,a rising trend in the flow resistance was observed with the increase in the initial Froude number,i.e.,Fr?0.67,0.70,and ***,the flow resistance in the case of SLV was relatively very *** numerical results also show the flow structures within the vicinity of short and tall vegetation,which are difficult to attain through experimental measurements.

关键词： Vertically double-layered vegetation Single-layered rigid vegetation Numerical modeling FLUENT Velocity distribution Turbulent flow

Origins of building blocks of life: A review

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第4期9卷 1117-1153页

作者： norio Kitadai Shigenori Maruyama Earth-Life Science Institute Tokyo Institute of Technology

How and where did life on Earth originate？ To date, various environments have been proposed as plausible sites for the origin of life. However, discussions have focused on a limited stage of chemical evolution, or emergence of a specific chemical function of proto-biological systems. It remains unclear what geochemical situations could drive all the stages of chemical evolution, ranging from condensation of simple inorganic compounds to the emergence of self-sustaining systems that were evolvable into modern biological ones. In this review, we summarize reported experimental and theoretical findings for prebiotic chemistry relevant to this topic, including availability of biologically essential elements（N and P） on the Hadean Earth, abiotic synthesis of life＇s building blocks（amino acids, peptides, ribose, nucleobases, fatty acids, nucleotides, and oligonucleotides）, their polymerizations to bio-macromolecules（peptides and oligonucleotides）, and emergence of biological functions of replication and compartmentalization. It is indicated from the overviews that completion of the chemical evolution requires at least eight reaction conditions of（1） reductive gas phase,（2） alkaline pH,（3） freezing temperature,（4）fresh water,（5） dry/dry-wet cycle,（6） coupling with high energy reactions,（7） heating-cooling cycle in water, and（8） extraterrestrial input of life＇s building blocks and reactive nutrients. The necessity of these mutually exclusive conditions clearly indicates that life＇s origin did not occur at a single setting; rather, it required highly diverse and dynamic environments that were connected with each other to allow intratransportation of reaction products and reactants through fluid circulation. Future experimental research that mimics the conditions of the proposed model are expected to provide further constraints on the processes and mechanisms for the origin of life.

关键词： Astrobiology Biochemistry Chemical evolution Extraterrestrial life Hadean Earth Hydrothermal systems

DISTRIBUTED WATER BALANCE WITH RIVER DYNAMIC-DIFFUSIVE FLOW ROUTING MODEL

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2009年第4期21卷 564-572页

作者： HASSAN Ahmed norio Tanaka NOBUYUKI Tamai Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Graduate School Kanazawa Gakuin University

This article focuses on the application of coupling both river dynamic and river diffusive modeling techniques that can be used with distributed water balance model. In an upstream watershed, both overland and river diffusive flows are routed by diffusive wave approximation of the free surface flow equations. In river downstream reaches, the river dynamic flow is routed by one-dimensional dynamic wave equations （full dynamic St. Venant equations with lateral flow）. The developed model is applied in a part of Arakawa River basin, Kanto area, Japan. The geographic data of river cross sections could be accurately represented by an 11-point cross-section approximation. The effects of both the grid size and lateral flow on the simulated results of the river dynamic flow model were studied. The grid size should be greater than the average width of the river cross-sections. The lateral flow from small drainage systems has significant effects on the simulated results using the river dynamic flow model. The simulated results show good and acceptable agreements with the observed flow discharges and water depths. Both the river discharge and water depth at any location of river network of compound channels with one/two complex floodplains could be correctly estimated.

关键词： diffusive model dynamic model natural compound channels floodplains

EFFECTS OF UNDERSCOUR DEPTH AND HORIZONTAL SPACING BETWEEN TWO BED PROTECTION BLOCKS ON STABILITY OF FRONTAL BLOCK

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2012年第4期24卷 579-588页

作者： SHAH Prem TANAKA norio YAGISAWA Junji Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Sakura-ku Saitama-shi Saitama Japan

The stability of a river-bed protection block in a flood event is affected by underscouring of the block. The effects of block spacing on block stability were investigated in different underscour conditions. Three blocks were placed at the bottom in a flume, and the underscour depth of the frontal block and distance between the first and second blocks were changed. Drag and lift forces were measured directly in each experimental condition. Particle Image Velocimetry （PIV） was used to visualize the flow and eva- luate the streamline pattern. Pressure measurements around the block to understand the pressure distribution show that the pressure distribution on the rear and bottom surfaces of the block is significantly affected by changes in block spacing and underscour depth. The experimental results show that for the same underscour gap, lift, and drag coefficients decreased with increasing space between the two blocks. In addition, if the underscour gap is increased with the same horizontal spacing, the lift coefficient increases and drag coefficient decreases. These results demonstrate that wider spacing enhance stability of the frontal block in the underscour condition. Moreover, analysis of block stability with changing underscouring and horizontal spacing shows that bed protection blocks seem to have more stability when the gap between two bed protection blocks was equal to height of the blocks.

关键词： bed protection block stability underscouring Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)