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Preliminary Deformation Experiment of Ringwoodite at 20 GPa and 1 700 K Using a D-DIA Apparatus

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Journal of Earth Science 2010年第5期21卷 517-522页

作者： Takaaki Kawazoe Tomohiro Ohuchi norimasa nishiyama Yu Nishihara Tetsuo Irifune Geodynamics Research Center Ehime University Senior Research Fellow Center Ehime University

A deformation experiment of ringwoodite with a strain of 9% was achieved at 20 GPa and 1 700 K and at a strain rate of 3×10^-5 s^-1 using a deformation-DIA （D-DIA） apparatus and a multi-anvil 6-6 （MA 6-6） assembly. The crystallographic orientations of the deformed sample were successfully analyzed by the electron backscatter diffraction （EBSD） method, although any notable latticepreferred orientation （LPO） was not observed presumably due to the insufficient strain in the present experiment. In this study, the deformation experiment on ringwoodite succeeded at P-T conditions consistent with the lower part of the mantle transition zone and at a controlled strain rate for the first time. The present study extended the pressure range of deformation experiments in the D-DIA apparatus from 16 GPa in our earlier study to 20 GPa at 1 700 K. The successful extension of the pressure range demonstrates potential importance of the D-DIA apparatus in studying rheological properties of minerals under the P-T conditions of the whole mantle transition zone.

关键词： ringwoodite mantle transition zone rheology viscosity mantle dynamics.

Experimental aspects of ^(14)N overtone RESPDOR solid-state NMR spectroscopy under MAS beyond 60 kHz

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2024年第1期4卷 40-49页

作者： Yutaro Ogaeri Yusuke nishiyama JEOL Ltd. AkishimaTokyo196-8558Japan

Nitrogen-14(^(14)N)overtone(OT)spectroscopy under fast magic angle spinning(MAS)conditions(>60 kHz)has emerged as a powerful technique for observing correlations and distances between ^(14)N and ^(1)H,owing to the absence of the first-order quadrupolar broad*** addition,^(14)N^(OT) allows selective manipulation of ^(14)N nuclei for each *** extensive theoretical and experimental studies,the spin dynamics of ^(14)N^(OT) remains under *** this study,we conducted experimental investigations to assess the spin dynamics of ^(14)N^(OT) using the rotational-echo saturation-pulse double-resonance(RESPDOR)sequence,which monitors population transfer induced by a^(14)N^(OT) *** ^(14)N^(OT) spin dynamics is well represented by a model of a two-energy-level *** spin-1/2,the maximum excitation efficiency of ^(14)N^(OT) coherences of powdered solids,denoted by p,depends on the radiofrequency field(rf-field)strength due to orientation dependence of effective nutation fields even when pulse lengths are *** is also found that the p factor,contributing to the ^(14)N^(OT) spin dynamics,is nearly independent of the B0 ***,the filtering efficiency of RESPDOR experiments exhibits negligible dependence on B0 when the ^(14)N^(OT) pulse length is *** study also identifies the optimal experimental conditions for ^(14)N^(OT)/^(1)H RESPDOR correlation experiments.

关键词： ^(14)N Overtone RESPDOR ^(14)N/^(1)H correlation Solid-state NMR Fast MAS

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金子顺一、池田苗夫的医学博士学位授予过程

武陵学刊 2024年第4期49卷 113-124页

作者： [日]西山胜夫韩慧光(译) 滋贺医科大学日本滋贺县大津市520-2192 北方民族大学文学与新闻传播学院宁夏银川750000

731部队队员战后轨迹研究是日本细菌战罪行研究及医学暴行研究的重要组成部分。《关东军防疫给水报告》《陆军军医学校防疫研究报告第1部》《陆军军医学校防疫研究报告第2部》等史料显示,金子顺一、池田苗夫作为军医在战时积极参加细菌... 详细信息

731部队队员战后轨迹研究是日本细菌战罪行研究及医学暴行研究的重要组成部分。《关东军防疫给水报告》《陆军军医学校防疫研究报告第1部》《陆军军医学校防疫研究报告第2部》等史料显示,金子顺一、池田苗夫作为军医在战时积极参加细菌战的研究与实施,犯下了违反国际法、违反医学伦理的严重罪行。但二者在战后并未受到正义的审判,反而通过战时违反医学伦理所获得的成果申请到医学博士学位。这足以证明,战后日本医学界没有对731部队乃至整个战时日本医学界的问题进行反省。本文介绍了这一具有史料价值的金子顺一、池田苗夫获得医学博士学位过程的相关文件。

关键词：细菌战战争医学犯罪金子顺一池田苗夫医学博士学位

Retrieving structural information from scattering and attenuation data of transparent wood and(Nano)paper

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2021年第3期6卷 187-194页

作者： Yoshiharu nishiyama Univ.Grenoble Alpes CNRSCERMAVGrenoble38000France

Over the last 15 years,significant number of reports on transparent paper and transparent wood appeared in the *** light scattering data or transmission data are often given to describe the optical performance of the *** addition,the data also contains structural information that can be further analyzed based on scattering *** of the data are re-analyzed herein from structural analysis point of view related to the scattering *** analysis on the wavelength dependent optical density of nanopaper suggested that the scatterers are not isolated voids or microfibrils but rather large submicrometric and structural *** dependence of transparent wood scattering suggests the scattering units of a few micrometers such as cell wall are at the origin of high haze.

关键词： Light scattering Transparent wood Nanocellulose

Polydendrocytes in development and myelin repair

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2013年第2期29卷 165-176页

作者： Hao Zuo Akiko nishiyama Department of Physiology and Neurobiology University of Connecticut University of Connecticut Stem cell Institute

Polydendrocytes （NG2 cells） are a distinct type of glia that populate the developing and adult central nervous systems （CNS）. In the adult CNS, they retain mitotic activity and represent the largest proliferating cell popula- tion. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms regulate the fate of polydendrocytes, which give rise to both oligo- dendrocytes and astrocytes. In addition, polydendrocytes actively differentiate into myelin-forming oligodendro- cytes in response to demyelination. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding polydendrocyte development, which provides an important basis for understanding the mechanisms that lead to the remyelina- tion of demyelinated lesions.

关键词： polydendrocytes NG2 cells oligodendrocytes myelin cell fate

Model Analysis of Radar Echo Split Observed in an Artificial Cloud Seeding Experiment

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2016年第3期30卷 386-400页

作者： MASAKI Shimada KIKURO Tomine KOJI nishiyama Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences National Defense Academy Faculty of Engineering Kyushu University

An artificial cloud seeding experiment was performed over the Japan Sea in winter to show how massive seeding could be effective to mitigate heavy snowfall *** results showed that 20 min after cloud seeding,a portion of the radar echo beneath the seeding track was weakened to divide the radar echo into two *** order to analyze the results,a numerical simulation was conducted by using the Weather Research and Forecasting model verion *** this simulation,the seeding effects were represented as phenomena capable of changing rain particles by accreting cloud ice and snow to form graupel particles and by changing cloud liquid water to snow *** graupel particles fell rapidly,thus temporarily intensifying the rainfall,which subsequently ***,the weakened radar echo in the field experiment is deemed to have been caused by the increase in rapidly falling graupel particles.

关键词： heavy snowfall artificial cloud seeding numerical experiment

Numerical Modelling and Simulation of Chemical Reactions in a Nano-Pulse Discharged Bubble for Water Treatment

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Plasma Science and Technology 2016年第9期18卷 924-932页

作者：何雨辰 Satoshi UEHARA Hidemasa TAKANA Hideya nishiyama Graduate school of Engineering Tohoku University Institute of Fluid Science Tohoku University

A zero-dimensional model to simulate a nano-pulse-discharged bubble in water was developed. The model consists of gas and liquid phases corresponding to the inside and outside of the bubble, respectively. The diffusions of chemical species from the gas to the liquid phase through the bubble interface was also investigated. The initial gas is Ar, but includes a little H20 and 02 in the bubble. The time evolution of the OH concentration in the liquid phase was mainly investigated as an important species for water treatment. It was shown that OH was generated in the bubble and then diffused into the liquid. With the application of a continuous nano-pulse discharge, more OH radicals were generated as the frequency increased at a low voltage for a given power consumption.

关键词： chemical reaction model water purification bubble discharge diffusion

How do Plants Organize Microtubules Without a Centrosome?

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第8期49卷 1154-1163页

作者： TakashiMurata TakakoTanahashi Tomoaki nishiyama Kazuo Yamaguchi Mitsuyasu Hasebe National Institute for Basic Biology Okazaki 444-8585Japan Department of Basic BiologyThe Graduate University for Advanced StudiesOkazaki 444-8585Japan Advanced Science Research Center Kanazawa UniversityTakaramachi 13-1Kanazawa 920-0934Japan ERATOJapan Science and Technology AgencyTakaramachi 13-1Kanazawa 920-0934Japan Advanced Science Research Center Kanazawa UniversityTakaramachi 13-1Kanazawa 920-0934Japan Graduate School of Natural Science and TechnologyKanazawa UniversityKanazawa 920-1192Japan National Institute for Basic Biology Okazaki 444-8585Japan Department of Basic BiologyThe Graduate University for Advanced StudiesOkazaki 444-8585Japan ERATOJapan Science and Technology AgencyOkazaki 444-8585Japan

A microtubule nucleates from a γ-tubuUn complex, which consists of γ-tubulin, proteins from the SPC971SPC98 family, and the WD40 motif protein GCP-WD. We analyzed the phylogenetic relationships of the genes encoding these proteins and found that the components of this complex are widely conserved among land plants and other eukaryotes. By contrast, the interphase and mitotic arrays of microtubules in land plants differ from those in other eukaryotes. In the interphase cortical array, the majority of microtubules nucleate on existing microtubules in the absence of conspicuous microtubule organizing centers （MTOCs）, such as a centrosome. During mitosis, the spindle also forms in the absence of conspicuous MTOCs. Both poles of the spindle are broad, and branched structures of microtubules called microtubule converging centers form at the poles. In this review, we hypothesize that the microtubule converging centers form via microtubule-dependent microtubule nucleation, as in the case of the interphase arrays. The evolutionary insights arising from the molecular basis of the diversity in microtubule organization are discussed.

关键词： cortical microtubules evolution γ-tubulin microtubule nucleation mitotic spindle.

Is there a window of opportunity for the therapeutic use of vitamin D in multiple sclerosis?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第9期17卷 1945-1954页

作者： Sofia Fernanda Gonçalves Zorzella-Pezavento Luiza Ayumi nishiyama Mimura Marina Bonifácio Denadai William Danilo Fernandes de Souza Thais Fernanda de Campos Fraga-Silva Alexandrina Sartori Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences Institute of BiosciencesSão Paulo State University(UNESP)BotucatuSão PauloBrazil

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune treatable but not curable *** are a multiplicity of medications for multiple sclerosis therapy,including a class entitled disease-modifying drugs that are mainly indicated to reduce the number and severity of disease *** all patients respond well to these therapies,and minor to severe adverse effects have been *** D,called sunshine vitamin,is being studied as a possible light at the end of the *** this review,we recapitulated the similar immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,the immunomodulatory and neuroprotective potential of vitamin D and the state-of-art concerning its supplementation to multiple sclerosis ***,based on our and other groups’experimental findings,we analyzed the need to consider the relevance of the route and the different time-point administration aspects for a more rational indication of this vitamin to multiple sclerosis patients.

关键词： central nervous system cytokines experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis immunomodulation immunopathogenesis inflammation multiple sclerosis neuroprotection regulatory T cells vitamin D