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Oxidative stress, antioxidants and intestinal calcium absorption

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第16期23卷 2841-2853页

作者： Gabriela Diaz de Barboza Solange Guizzardi Luciana Moine nori tolosa de talamoni Laboratorio“Dr.Fernando Canas” Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología MolecularFacultad de Ciencias MédicasINICSA(CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba)Pabellón ArgentinaCiudad UniversitariaCórdoba 5000Argentina

The disequilibrium between the production of reactive oxygen(ROS) and nitrogen(RNS) species and their elimination by protective mechanisms leads to oxidative stress. Mitochondria are the main source of ROS as by-products of electron transport chain. Most of the time the intestine responds adequately against the oxidative stress, but with aging or under conditions that exacerbate the ROS and/or RNS production, the defenses are not enough and contribute to developing intestinal pathologies. The endogenous antioxidant defense system in gut includes glutathione(GSH) and GSH-dependent enzymes as major components. When the ROS and/or RNS production is exacerbated, oxidative stress occurs and the intestinal Ca2+ absorption is inhibited. GSH depleting drugs such as DLbuthionine-S,R-sulfoximine, menadione and sodium deoxycholate inhibit the Ca2+ transport from lumen to blood by alteration in the protein expression and/or activity of molecules involved in the Ca2+ transcellular and paracellular pathways through mechanisms of oxidative stress, apoptosis and/or autophagy. Quercetin, melatonin, lithocholic and ursodeoxycholic acids block the effect of those drugs in experimental animals by their antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and/or anti-autophagic properties. Therefore, they may become drugs of choice for treatment of deteriorated intestinal Ca2+ absorption under oxidant conditions such as aging, diabetes, gut inflammation and other intestinal disorders.

关键词： Transcellular and paracellular Ca2+pathways DL-buthionine-S R-sulfoximine Menadione Sodium deoxycholate Lithocholic acid Ursodeoxycholic acid Melatonin

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Intestinal Ca2+ absorption revisited: A molecular and clinical approach

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第24期26卷 3344-3364页

作者： Vanessa A Areco Romina Kohan Germán talamoni nori G tolosa de talamoni María E Peralta López Laboratorio“Dr.Fernando Canas” Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología MolecularFacultad de Ciencias MédicasINICSA(CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba)Córdoba 5000Argentina

Ca2+has an important role in the maintenance of the skeleton and is involved in the main physiological *** homeostasis is controlled by the intestine,kidney,bone and parathyroid *** intestinal Ca2+absorption occurs mainly via the paracellular and the transcellular *** proteins involved in both ways are regulated by calcitriol and other hormones as well as dietary *** growth factor 23(FGF-23)is a strong antagonist of vitamin D *** of the intestinal Ca2+movement seems to be vitamin D *** Ca2+absorption changes according to different physiological *** is promoted under high Ca2+demands such as growth,pregnancy,lactation,dietary Ca2+deficiency and high physical *** contrast,the intestinal Ca2+transport decreases with *** stress inhibits the intestinal Ca2+absorption whereas the antioxidants counteract the effects of prooxidants leading to the normalization of this physiological *** pathologies such as celiac disease,inflammatory bowel diseases,Turner syndrome and others occur with inhibition of intestinal Ca2+absorption,some hypercalciurias show Ca2+hyperabsorption,most of these alterations are related to the vitamin D endocrine *** research work should be accomplished in order not only to know more molecular details but also to detect possible therapeutic targets to ameliorate or avoid the consequences of altered intestinal Ca2+absorption.

关键词： Ca2+absorption Transcellular pathway Paracellular pathway Hormones Dietary calcium Physiological conditions Pathological alterations

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Glutathione depleting drugs, antioxidants and intestinal calcium absorption

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第44期24卷 4979-4988页

作者： Luciana Moine María Rivoira Gabriela Díaz de Barboza Adriana Pérez nori tolosa de talamoni Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Canas" Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Facultad de Ciencias Médicas INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba) Córdoba 5000 Argentina

Glutathione(GSH) is a tripeptide that constitutes one of the main intracellular reducing compounds. The normal content of GSH in the intestine is essential to optimize the intestinal Ca2+ absorption. The use of GSH depleting drugs such as DL-buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine, menadione or vitamin K3, sodium deoxycholate or diets enriched in fructose, which induce several features of the metabolic syndrome, produce inhibition of the intestinal Ca2+ absorption. The GSH depleting drugs switch the redox state towards an oxidant condition provoking oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammation, which lead to apoptosis and/or autophagy of the enterocytes. Either the transcellular Ca2+ transport or the paracellular Ca2+ route are altered by GSH depleting drugs. The gene and/or protein expression of transporters involved in the transcellular Ca2+ pathway are decreased. The flavonoids quercetin and naringin highly abrogate the inhibition of intestinal Ca2+ absorption, not only by restoration of the GSH levels in the intestine but also by their anti-apoptotic properties. Ursodeoxycholic acid, melatonin and glutamine also block the inhibition of Ca2+ transport caused by GSH depleting drugs. The use of any of these antioxidants to ameliorate the intestinal Ca2+ absorption under oxidant conditions associated with different pathologies in humans requires more investigation with regards to the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of them.

关键词：抗氧化剂谷胱甘肽钙吸收 apoptosis Ca2+ 肠氧化还原作用 GSH

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Molecular aspects of intestinal calcium absorption

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第23期21卷 7142-7154页

作者： Gabriela Diaz de Barboza Solange Guizzardi nori tolosa de talamoni Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Universidad Nacional de Córdoba

Intestinal Ca2+ absorption is a crucial physiological process for maintaining bone mineralization and Ca2+ homeostasis. It occurs through the transcellular and paracellular pathways. The first route comprises 3steps: the entrance of Ca2+ across the brush border membranes(BBM) of enterocytes through epithelial Ca2+ channels TRPV6, TRPV5, and Cav1.3; Ca2+ movement from the BBM to the basolateral membranes by binding proteins with high Ca2+ affinity(such as CB9k); and Ca2+ extrusion into the blood. Plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase(PMCA1b) and sodium calcium exchanger(NCX1) are mainly involved in the exit of Ca2+ from enterocytes. A novel molecule, the 4.1R protein, seems to be a partner of PMCA1 b, since both molecules colocalize and interact. The paracellular pathway consists of Ca2+ transport through transmembrane proteins of tight junction structures, such as claudins 2, 12, and 15. There is evidence of crosstalk between the transcellular and paracellular pathways in intestinal Ca2+ transport. When intestinal oxidative stress is triggered, there is a decrease in the expression of several molecules of both pathways that inhibit intestinal Ca2+ absorption. Normalization of redox status in the intestine with drugs such as quercetin, ursodeoxycholic acid, or melatonin return intestinal Ca2+ transport to control values. Calcitriol [1,25(OH)2D3] is the major controlling hormone of intestinal Ca2+ transport. It increases the gene and protein expression of most of the molecules involved in both pathways. PTH, thyroid hormones, estrogens, p ro l a c t i n, g ro w t h h o r m o n e, a n d g l u c o c o r t i c o i d s apparently also regulate Ca2+ transport by direct action, indirect mechanism mediated by the increase of renal 1,25(OH)2D3 production, or both. Different physiological conditions, such as growth, pregnancy, lactation, and aging, adjust intestinal Ca2+ absorption according to Ca2+ demands. Better knowledge of the molecular details of intestinal Ca2+ absorption could l

关键词： Intestinal Ca2+ absorption Transcellularpathway Paracellular route 1,25(OH)2D3 PTH Prolactin Estrogen Lactation Pregnancy Aging

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Quantum weak force sensing with squeezed magnomechanics

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年

作者： Qian Zhang Jie Wang Tian-Xiang Lu Ran Huang Franco nori Hui Jing Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and ApplicationsHunan Normal University College of Physics and Electronic Information Gannan Normal University Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory Cluster for Pioneering ResearchRIKENWako-shi 351-0198Japan Center for Quantum Computing RIKENWako-shi 351-0198Japan department of Physics University of Michigan Academy for Quantum Science and Technology Zhengzhou University of Light Industry

Cavity magnomechanics,exhibiting remarkable experimental tunability,rich magnonic nonlinearities,and compatibility with various quantum systems,has witnessed considerable advances in recent ***,the potential benefits of using cavity magnomechanical (CMM) systems in further improving the performance of quantum-enhanced sensing for weak forces remain largely *** we show that,by squeezing the magnons,the performance of a quantum CMM sensor can be significantly enhanced beyond the standard quantum limit (SQL).We find that,for comparable parameters,two orders of magnitude enhancement in the force sensitivity can be achieved in comparison with the case without magnon ***,we obtain the optimal parameter regimes of homodyne angle for minimizing the added quantum *** findings provide a promising approach for highly tunable and compatible quantum force sensing using hybrid CMM devices,with potential applications ranging from quantum precision measurements to quantum information processing.

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Squeezed quantum hybrid system:Giant enhancement of magnon-phonon-spin interactions

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第11期66卷 233-234页

作者： Franco nori Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory Cluster for Pioneering ResearchRIKENWakoshiSaitama351-0198Japan Quantum Computing Center RIKENWakoshiSaitama351-0198Japan Physics department The University of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan48109-1040USA

Quantum magnonics has recently attracted considerable interest not only in fundamental physics but also in applications,ranging from quantum information processing to quantum metrology[1].A unique merit of magnons,the quasiparticles or quantized unit of magnetic excitations in solids,is their ability to be effectively coupled with almost all different quantum information carriers,such as optical photons,mechanical phonons,superconducting qubits,and solid-state spins,which are otherwise difficult to be efficiently integrated together.

关键词： quantum magnon otherwise

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C-Reactive protein role in assessing COVID-19 deceased geriatrics and survivors of severe and critical illness

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第30期10卷 11210-11213页

作者： Wassan nori department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Mustansiriyah UniversityBaghdad 10052AL-SaydyiahIraq

Numerous risk variables,including age,medical co-morbidities,and deranged inflammatory response,lead to higher mortality in a senior population with coronavirus disease 2019.C-reactive protein(CRP),an acute phase inflammatory protein secreted by the liver,was tested in the elderly,showing a diagnostic and prognostic ***,recent research has shed light on new applications for CRP in *** was used as a follow-up marker and as a therapeutic *** and accurate identification of patients’ risks may mitigate the devastation of the invading virus in older cases and permit the implementation of a quick treatment plan for those most likely to deteriorate.

关键词： COVID-19 Geriatrics deceased Severe infection C-reactive protein Age

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Dynamic Nonreciprocity with a Kerr Nonlinear Resonator

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Chinese Physics Letters 2022年第12期39卷 28-34页

作者：潘瑞恺唐磊夏可宇 Franco nori College of Engineering and Applied Sciences National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructuresand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610101China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Shishan Laboratory Suzhou Campus of Nanjing UniversitySuzhou 215000China RIKEN Quantum Computing Center RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering ResearchWako-shiSaitama 351-0198Japan Physics department The University of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan 48109-1040USA

On-chip optical nonreciprocal devices are vital components for integrated photonic systems and scalable quantum information *** optical isolators and circulators have attracted considerable attention because of their fundamental interest and their important advantages in integrated photonic ***,optical nonreciprocal devices based on Kerr or Kerr-like nonlinearity are subject to dynamical reciprocity when the forward and backward signals coexist simultaneously in a nonlinear ***,we theoretically propose a method for realizing on-chip nonlinear isolators and circulators with dynamic *** nonreciprocity is achieved via the chiral modulation on the resonance frequency due to coexisting self-and cross-Kerr nonlinearities in an optical ring *** work showing dynamic nonreciprocity with a Kerr nonlinear resonator can be an essential step toward integrated optical isolation.

关键词： Nonlinear nonlinear reciprocal

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Effect of gender on the reliability of COVID-19 rapid antigen test among elderly

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第29期10卷 10820-10822页

作者： Wassan nori Wisam Akram department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Mustansiriyah UniversityBaghdad 10052Iraq department of Obstetrics and Gynecology College of MedicineMustansiriyah UniversityBaghdad 10052Iraq

defining con-founders that affect the reliability of diagnostic tests for coronavirus disease 2019 is vital to breaking the chain of *** elderly population is a higher risk group for the emerging ***,gender seems to exert a critical role in modifying the infection risk among women owing to hormonal *** menopause transition is an exceptional period for older women where the protective and immunomodulatory effects of the estrogen hormone are ***,attention should be given to postmenopausal women since they will have an increased risk compared to their pre-menopausal peers.

关键词： COVID-19 Rapid antigen test Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction Age Gender Postmenopausal women

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Omicron targets upper airways in pediatrics,elderly and unvaccinated population

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第32期10卷 12062-12065页

作者： Wassan nori Muna Abdul Ghani Zghair department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Mustansiriyah UniversityBaghdad 10052Al SaydyiaIraq department of Radiology Mustansiriyah UniversityBaghdad 10052Hay Al jammeaIraq

Omicron,a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 variant,has spread around the globe,causing dramatic increases in infection *** mutant antigens were responsible for the strong infectivity,fast replication,and high reinfection rates reported from all *** causes clinical symptoms mostly related to the upper respiratory tract with minimal symptoms from the lower respiratory tract besides an urgent presentation of cases that resembled a fatal illness,*** to mention the long coronavirus disease 2019,which rises exponentially in the Omicrons ***,the disease has a less aggressive course than earlier variants with lower death rates;however,the infection is not *** infection was raised among pediatrics,unvaccinated,and the *** vaccine protection is urgently needed to protect the most vulnerable community ***,self-protective strategies such as wearing a mask and safe social distancing cannot be omitted.

关键词： Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Upper respiratory tract Epiglottitis Pediatrics Unvaccinated

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