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Molecular Detection of Mutations within the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions in Non Typhoidal Salmonella Isolates from Malaysia

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Health 2017年第4期9卷 640-648页

作者： Fadzilah mohd-Nor noor Aini Abu-Bakar Norzilawati mohd-Isa Zubaidah A. Wahab Zaini mohd-Zain Microbiology Discipline Faculty of Medicine UniversitiTeknologi MARA Sg. Buloh Campus Jalan Hospital Sg. Buloh Selangor Malaysia Community of Research (CoRE) of Health & Wellbeing UniversitiTeknologi MARA Shah Alam Selangor Malaysia Microbiology Unit Department of Pathology Hospital Sg. Buloh Sg. Buloh Selangor Malaysia

Introduction: The efficacy of chemotherapy in bacteraemia caused by non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is compromised by antibiotic resistance. Objective: This study was undertaken to describe the mechanism of resistance among clinical NTS isolates. Materials & Methodology: Thirty of NTS were isolated from blood (n = 19), stool (n = 10) and bronchioalveolar lavage (BAL;n = 1) respectively. These isolates were tested for susceptibility testing by disc diffusion method against ampicillin, gentamicin, tetracycline, co-trimoxazole, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone. Epsilometer tests (E-test) for nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin were performed for nalidixic acid resistant isolates by disc diffusion method. DNA sequencing was carried out on six of the nalidixic acid resistant Salmonella Enteritidis isolates to identify mutations within quinolones resistance determining regions (QRDR) of gyrA, gyrB, parC and parE genes. Results: Resistance rates of NTS isolates from blood, stool, and BAL were respectively 37%, 20% and 0% for ampicillin, 79%, 40% and 0% for tetracycline, 32%, 40% and 0% for co-trimoxazole, 37%, 10% and 100% for nalidixic acid. Eight isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid and had exhibited reduced susceptibility towards ciprofloxacin by E-test. Mutation within QRDR was detected in gyrA gene (n = 6;Asp 47 → His [3], Asp 51 → Asn [1], Asp 73 → Gly [1], and Gly 48 → Asp [1]) and double mutation was detected in parE gene (n = 3;Gly 48 → Asp [3], Glu 82 → Ser [3]). Out of six isolates, three isolates were found to have both gyrA and parE gene mutations. Conclusions: There was no mutation observed in gyrB and parC gene. Mutation in gyrA gene was sufficient to induce decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. Variation in amino acid sequences are novel, while detection of other gene mutation was uncommon.

关键词： Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Quinolones Resistance-Determining Regions Ciprofloxacin

Breast Density: Does It Vary among the Main Ethnic Groups in Malaysia?

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2013年第4期3卷 105-109页

作者： Kanaga Kumari Chelliah noor Shatirah mohd Fandi Voon Hanizan Ahamad Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy Programme Health Sciences Faculty National University of Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Radiology Department University Malaya Medical Centre Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Breast cancer is one of the common cancers among Malaysians and there are associated risk factors which include breast density. Therefore, this study was done to determine the association of breast cancer risks among ethnic groups in relation to breast density. Mammography was done on 300 women with equal numbers of Malays, Chinese and Indians with a mean age of 53.35 ± 7.4 years. Mammograms were evaluated using BI-RADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) protocol by two independent radiologists for breast density categorization. Chi-square analysis showed an association between breast density and age factor (p 0.05) whereas body mass index (BMI) was inversely associated with breast density (p > 0.05). There was significant difference in number of children and menopausal status (p 0.05). Results showed that 65% of Chinese subjects had denser breast density composition as to 50% in Malays and 35% in Indians. There was significant difference between breast density of three ethnic groups (p 0.05) with Chinese having 2.4 times denser breast (OR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.466 - 3.948) followed by Malays (OR = 1.020, 95% CI: 0.681 - 1.689) and lowest in Indians (OR = 0.406, 95% CI: 0.247 - 0.668). Based on breast density, the Chinese are at a higher risk of developing breast cancer followed by Malays and lastly Indians.

关键词： Breast Cancer Ethnic Groups Breast Density Mammogram BIRADS

The coastal medicinal plant Vitex rotundifolia: a mini-review on its bioactive compounds and pharmacological activity

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Traditional Medicine Research 2021年第2期6卷 1-10页

作者： Nurul Husna Azizul Wan Amir Nizam Wan Ahmad Nurul Laili Rosli Muhammad Aniq Hamzah mohd Azmi Choo En Liang noor Wini Mazlan Suvik Assaw Biomedicine Program School of Health SciencesUniversiti Sains MalaysiaKubang Kerian 16150KelantanMalaysia Faculty of Science and Marine Environment Universiti Malaysia TerengganuKuala Nerus 21030TerengganuMalaysia

Humans have long used natural remedies like plants and herbs to treat ***,research has been ongoing to find alternative pharmaceutical drugs based on traditionally used plants,as natural products show fewer side effects compared to synthetic *** plants have long been targeted in drug development due to their bioactive compounds like alkaloids,flavonoids,and *** is not only the case for terrestrial plants,but marine environments also provide a larger diversity of flora and fauna with medicinal bioactive *** rotundifolia,also known as Beach Vitex,is a coastal plant that has been traditionally used to treat a variety of diseases including premenstrual syndrome,headaches,migraines,colds,and eye *** have been many review papers on ***,emphasizing its taxonomy,distribution,and biological *** current mini-review not only summarizes the pharmacology and bioactivity of ***,but it also provides new information on the main bioactive compounds of *** such as flavonoids,phenolic acid,and terpenes and their current pharmacological activity in vitro and in vivo *** information can be useful for developing new pharmaceutical and nutraceutical agents to treat and manage disease.

关键词： Vitex rotundifolia Fructus viticis Marine plants Anti-inflammation Anti-nociception Antioxidant

Type 2 diabetes with good glycemic control have improved insulin response and lower non-esterified fatty acid level after a meal challenge

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2012年第1期2卷 1-7页

作者： Norhayati Yahaya Win Mar Kyi Norhayati mohd noor Wan Mohamed Wan Bebakar Endocrine Unit Department of Medicine Universiti Sains Malaysia Penang Malaysia

Background: Pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) involves defects in β-cell function with impaired first and second phase insulin response, and reduced insulin sensitivity. Diabetic dyslipidemia is an important and common risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). Aims: This study examined the effect of glycemic control on post prandial insulin and lipid parameters in response to a standardised meal challenge among Type 2 diabetes patients with good and poor glycemic control. Methods: We cross-sectionally studied 31 T2DM patients with good glycemic control and 32 T2DM patients with poor glycemic control. Subjects were given, after minimum 10 hours of fasting, a standard meal containing 58% fat. Fasting and serial postprandial blood samples were taken over 8 hours to determine levels of triglyceride, direct LDL-C, apoB lipoprotein, non-esterified-fatty-acid, insulin and blood glucose. Results: Post prandial NEFA was significantly higher in poor controlled diabetes patients compared to good control diabetes patients (p = 0.019), and post-hoc analysis showed significant difference from 3 hours post prandial to 4 hours post prandial, where p= 0.021. Although the difference in insulin between the 2 groups did not reach statistical significance (p =0.058), post-hoc analysis showed significant difference between the 2 groups from fasting to 1 hour post prandial (p = 0.034) despite postprandial glucose being significantly higher in poor controlled diabetes patients (p < 0.001), throughout the postprandial period. Conclusion: T2DM patients with good glycemic control have improved insulin response with lower non-esterified fatty acid.

关键词： Insulin Response Non-Esterified Fatty Acid Standardised Meal Type 2 Diabetes Glycemic Control

<i>In Vitro</i>Micropropagation of a Valuable Medicinal Plant, <i>Plectranthus amboinicus</i>

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第8期6卷 1091-1097页

作者： Zuraida Ab Rahman Erny Sabrina mohd noor mohd Shukri Mat Ali Razali Mirad Ayu Nazreena Othman Biotechnology Research Centre MARDI Headquarters MARDI HQ Persiaran MARDI-UPM Serdang Malaysia Strategic Resource Centre MARDI HQ Persiaran MARDI-UPM Serdang Malaysia

The effect of the plant growth regulators benzyl amino purine (BAP), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and kinetin (KIN) on in vitro shoot induction and proliferation of Plectranthus amboinicus was examined. Explants obtained from lateral shoots and apical shoots of P. amboinicus were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) culture medium supplemented with different concentrations of BAP, NAA and KIN. When the effect of each growth regulator was considered singly, the highest rate of shoot induction (80% of explants producing shoots) and highest number of shoots produced (2.4 shoots per explant) were obtained from lateral shoot explants cultured on MS media supplemented with 3.0 mg/L BAP within 6 - 7 weeks. Better results were obtained using MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L BAP + 5 mg/L NAA. Shoot proliferation rose to 85%, while 5.7 shoots per explants were recorded. Among the different media tested for rooting, MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L IBA was the most effective for root induction. The quality of the roots obtained was better than that obtained using MS media supplemented with NAA or IAA.

关键词： Plectranthus amboinicus Micropropagation Medicinal Plant Plant Growth Regulator

Sedimentology of the Redang Island Coral Reefs Environment

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2010年第2期4卷 41-47页

作者： Nor Antonina Binti Abdullah noor Azhar mohd Shazili Norhayati binti mohd . Tahir Siti Zauyah binti Darus Marine Science Department Faculty of Maritime Studies and Marine Science University Malaysia Terengganu MengabangTelipot Kuala Terengganu 21030 Malaysia Institute of Oceanography Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Mengabang Telipot Kuala Terengganu 21030 Malaysia Research and Management Centre Universiti l~l＇alaysia Terengganu Mengabang Telipot Kuala Terengganu 21030 Malaysia Land Management Department Faculty of Agriculture Universi~ Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor 41300 Malaysia

A study on the sedimentology of the Redang Island coral reefs environment was conducted. Sediments were collected on board UNIPERTAMA VII during the pre and post monsoon seasons. Twenty and seven sediments samples were collected using a Smith McIntyre grab on board UNI PERTAMA VII and put in labelled plastic bags then brought back to the laboratory for analysis. The sediments were analyzed for their sedimentological characteristics （mean size, skewness, standard deviation and kurtosis） using dry sieving method. Results showed that the highest mean size value of the sediments during the pre and post monsoons seasons are 2.14 ~ and 2.37 O. respectively and the lowest are -0.40 q~ and -0.10 ~, respectively. Based on the results, sediments can be classified as medium sand （34%）, poorly sorted （67%）, strongly negative skewed （36%） and extremely leptokurtic （56%） during the pre monsoon season, while during the post monsoon season sediments can be classified as medium sand （38%）, poorly sorted （73%）, strongly negative skewed （41%） and very leptokurtic （62%）. Results revealed that the sediments in the whole study area are relatively coarse. No relationship was observed between mean size and other sedimentological characteristics （R2= 0.05 pre-monsoon. R2 =0.0017 post monsoon） with seasons.

关键词： Sedimentology redang island coral reefs sediment.

Physical Properties Characterization of Fe-Deficient Mg0.9Mn0.1Fe2-xO4 Soft Ferrite by Citrate Precursor Method

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2011年第4X期1卷 506-511页

作者： Nilar Lwin Ahmad Fauzi mohd noor Srimala Sreekantan Radzali Othman Aye Aye Thant School of Material and Mineral Resources Engineering Universiti Sains ~Ialaysia Engineering Campus 14300 Nibong TebalPulau Pinang Malaysia Physics Department University of Yangon 11041 Kamayut Yangon Myanmar

Prediction of Whitefly Population and Infestation Based on Multitrophic Analysis between Competitor Pest,Plant Traits and Natural Enemy

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2019年第5期9卷 294-309页

作者： mohd Rasdi Zaini noor Shuhaina Shaikh Mazran Che Salmah Md Rawi Alshami Salman Department of Entomology Faculty of Plantation and AgrotechnologyUniversity Teknologi MARA(UiTM)Cawangan Melaka Campus JasinMelaka 77300Malaysia Department of Entomology Faculty of Plantation and AgrotechnologyUniversity Teknologi MARA(UiTM)Shah Alam 45400Malaysia School of Biological Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaPenang 11800Malaysia

Interaction among arthropods(insect-acarine)was investigated at all trophic levels in agro-ecosystem and affects the population dynamic and diversification of arthropod pests and intensity of natural enemy(parasitism)as well as stimulates the plant chemical *** the present study of two cropping periods,nutrient concentration and early infestation of plant-sucking pests are known to trigger different degrees of interactions(plant’s parameters)which potentially alert abundance and diversity of the insect *** interaction and magnitude of impact could be assessed(multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA)and redundancy analysis(RDA))and observed between arthropods(insect-acarine)community and plants’parameters from the strongest to the lowest *** two factors could have affected the community of insect-pests with various degrees of pressure effect and interaction that occurred naturally,thus leading to the predictable abundance of insect-acarine populations under eggplant leaves in response to plant physical characteristics(e.g.,size of leaves,number of leaves and plant height)and biochemical constituents(flavonoid,phenolic,peroxidase andβ-1,3-glucanase).Based on multivariate analyses of multitrophic interaction,MANOVA and RDA have the potential to elucidate the complex interaction among plant performance,abundance of pests and activity chemical defence *** analyses interpreted similar interactions of measured parameters in different *** population in this study was predictable by aphids,thrips and total phenolic contents in *** has capable defence systems against insect-acarine pests after stimulation(pre-infestation).In relation to IPM strategy,early stages of plant growth are known as susceptible periods for pests attack but the plant becomes more tolerant during the fruiting stage.

关键词： Multitrophic insect interaction whitefly aphids thrips and eggplant

Forecasting towards Planning and Sustainable Development Based on a System Dynamic Approach: A Case Study of the Setiu District, State of Terengganu, Malaysia

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Open Journal of Statistics 2016年第5期6卷 931-950页

作者： Muhamad Safiih Lola mohd noor Afiq Ramlee Hanani Isa Mhd Ikhwanuddin Abdullah mohd Fadli Hussin Nurul Hila Zainuddin mohd Naeim Rahman School of Informatics and Applied Mathematics University Malaysia Terengganu Kuala Terengganu Malaysia Institute Aquaculture Tropical University Malaysia Terengganu Kuala Terengganu Malaysia

In this paper, a system dynamics approach is used instead of the traditional approaches to stimulate, forecast and analyze the economic effects of an existing policy practice in Setiu Wetland. As a part of Setiu district that uphold tradition in fishery and maritime based industry, Setiu Wetland area seems to be left behind in terms of economic and livelihood. Generally, Setiu development policy consists of five sub-system including population growth, economic, residential, transportation and sub-urban sprawl. Due to their widespread population distribution, Setiu Wetland receives low urban-related progress. Hence, a forecast of 30 years from 2016 to 2046 providing a necessary insight for potential development of the Setiu Wetland region, to simulate its environment, identify gaps, propose suitable land model towards Setiu Minapolitan area (Peri-urban area) and suggest directions for future studies particularly in economic and livelihood for local authorities to develop with.

关键词： System Dynamics Setiu Wetland Minapolita Economic and Livelihood Policy Practice