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Route Optimization in Mobile Networks with Cache Assistance (RoMoNeCA)

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Route Optimization in Mobile Networks with Cache Assistance ...

作者： Sahibzada ahmed noor 北京邮电大学

学位级别：硕士

随着Internet的迅猛发展,因特网已经深入社会和人们的日常生活中。IP协议的出现使得人们可以通过静态方式接入因特网。伴随技术发展,移动IP(MobileIP)越来越受到人们的关注。传统的移动IP只针对单个节点,当前人们正在扩展移动IP从而支...

随着Internet的迅猛发展,因特网已经深入社会和人们的日常生活中。IP协议的出现使得人们可以通过静态方式接入因特网。伴随技术发展,移动IP(MobileIP)越来越受到人们的关注。传统的移动IP只针对单个节点,当前人们正在扩展移动IP从而支持网络移动性(Network Mobility,NEMO)。移动IP对不同的接入技术(WLAN,cellular,broadcast access)提供统一的网络层支持。随着技术进步,节点移动性研究已经向前迈进一大步形成NEMO。所谓NEMO是指一组节点(例如火车、汽车、飞机内部的人员)以子网的方式在移动中接入因特网。NEMO可以保证IP子网在移动的过程中子网内部节点正在进行的会话的连续性。移动的IP子网(mobile network)通过移动路由器(Mobile Router,MR)连接到因特网。这些移动的IP子网可以是由附着在MR上的单个本地节点组成的非嵌套网络,或者是内部嵌套多个IP子网的嵌套网络等。移动网络的不同网络拓扑带来一系列问题,而这些问题在单个节点移动性的研究中并没有出现,这也导致IETF专门成立NEMO工作组。该工作组的主要任务是提出对移动IPV6协议的扩展,从而解决NEMO及其相关问题。实验表明现存的移动IPV6协议无法给移动网络的内部节点转发数据包。本地代理(Home Agent)无法封装要转发给移动网络节点(MNN)的数据包。这是因为从本地代理角度看,HA-MR隧道是节点专用信道而非网络专用信道,因此本地代理只能发现隧道另一端的MR,而无法看到附着在该路由器上的节点。随着个人局域网(PAN)、车域网(CAN)、团体区域网(BAN)的出现以及传统的运输系统需要大量访问因特网,节点移动性协议已经无法满足实际需要,支持NEMO的相关协议呼之欲出。 NEMO基础支持协议(NBS)的提出解决了一组节点作为一个单元的移动接入互联网问题。这个单元称为移动IP子网或移动网络(Mobile Network),一个或多个MR处理来自或到达移动网络的通信。移动网络内部的节点称为移动网络节点(MNN),这些节点包括本地固定节点(LFN’s)、本地移动节点(LMN’s)以及外部的访问移动节点(VMN’s)。这些外部访问移动节点可以是单个移动IPV6节点,也可以是拥有多个MNN的MR。后者称为嵌套移动网络,所谓嵌套网络是指一个移动网络存在于另一个移动网络中。在嵌套移动网络中,被接入的MR称为上行流MR,接入的MR称为下行流MR。嵌套网络中的最顶层MR称为父MR,其下的所有MR称为子MR。不包含任何子网络的移动网络的嵌套等级为1,因此嵌套等级2表明一个小的移动网络嵌套在一个大的移动网络的内部。每个MR都有唯一的IP地址进行标示,称为本地地址,其在家乡链路上都有一个本地代理或称家乡代理(Home Agent,HA)。HA负责MR发送的数据在家乡网络的传递,它存储对应的MR的本地地址。当MR访问外部网络时,外部网络向MR提供一个转发地址(CoA),MR将转发地址与本地地址绑定,这种绑定称为绑定更新(BU)。MR将绑定更新发送给HA,HA将绑定更新的内容存储在绑定缓存中。接着HA向MR发送绑定确认,当成功完成该绑定过程后,MR与对应的HA之间的MR-HA隧道建立完成。此后所有发往移动网络的数据包首先由HA截取,通过添加标有转发地址的外部IP头进行封装,接着通过HA-MR隧道到达当前MR的转发地址。与进入移动网络的数据包相似,所有从移动网络的数据包同样需要经过MR添加IP头进行封装,然后通过HA-MR“双向隧道”传输。根据NEMO基础支持协议,所有在MR和对应节点(CN)之间通信的数据包都需要经过“双向隧道”传输。然而当MR和CN距离很近,却远离HA时,这可能导致长的路由以及大的包传输时延,影响服务质量。此外,长的路由路径将给路由网络增添额外的负载,从而增大链路中断的概率。每当数据包经由“双向隧道”时需要添加额外的IPV6路由头,这增大数据包的尺寸进而降低整体的带宽利用率,而且如果包尺寸超过链路的最大传输单元限制,需要拆分数据包从而增大包时延。此外,节点的封装处理同样也增大包的传输时延。根据NEMO基础支持协议,所有发自移动网络的流量都需要经由家乡链路到达目的地,这可能导致拥塞(瓶颈效应)。一旦家乡链路出现故障将导致所有进出移动网络的通信中断。由于担心流氓用户可能通过“双向隧道”向家乡网络发动攻击,安全策略阻止MR传输访问移动网络向家乡网络发送的流量。在嵌套网络中,如果两个移动通信节点需要通信,则所有的数据包都需要通过所有的上行流MR和对应的HA,这既增大包头同时也导致大的包传输时延。换一种情形,如果某个HA嵌套在某个移动网络中,则死循坏发生。MR无法找到其对应的HA进而无法建立“

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Reservoir characteristics of Datta Formation (Early Jurassic), Marwat-Khisor Ranges, sub-Himalayas, Pakistan

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Petroleum Science 2023年第4期20卷 2026-2044页

作者： Muhammad Tariq Muhammad Kashif noor ahmed Zaheen Ullah Jose Nicanor Mendez Muhammad Armaghan Faisal Miraj Department of Earth Sciences University of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Department of Geosciences University of BaltistanSkarduPakistan School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumQingdao266580China Institute of Geology University of the PunjabLahorePakistan

The present work has been accomplished to carry out a detailed study of the characteristics of the Early Jurassic Datta Formation of Trans-Indus Ranges, Pakistan. The discovery of Saib well-1 (Gas and condensate discovery from Jurassic limestone) in the study basin takes an active interest in carrying out extensive exploration activities in the same basin. Jurassic rocks especially Datta Sandstone and Samana Suk Limestone are acting as good reservoirs. The study unit consists of variegated sandstone interbedded with siltstone, carbonaceous clay, and shale and coal stringer. For the current work, two stratigraphic sections (Pezu and Abbo Wanda) have been measured. To examine its sedimentology, depositional environment, diagenetic settings, and reservoir characteristics, a detailed study was conducted and various laboratory techniques have been utilized. About 95 rock samples from the bottom to the top of both sections were collected, and 50 rock samples have been selected for thin section analysis and were examined under a polarizing microscope to show their mineralogical composition, diagenesis, and their reservoir characteristics. XRD (X-ray diffraction), Cathodoluminescence (CL), SEM (Scanning electron microscope) with EDS (Energy-dispersive spectroscope), and Core plug porosity and permeability analysis have been used to interpret its chemical and mineralogical composition and its reservoir characteristics, respectively. Based on field observations and thin section analysis, four depositional facies and six lithofacies have been established. The sedimentary structures, depositional facies, and lithofacies indicate that Datta Formation was deposited in a deltaic environment. Compactions, cementation, fracturing and dissolution can greatly affect the quality of reservoir rock. Based on thin section and SEM analysis, large numbers of primary pores, fracture and secondary pores were observed and connectivity between the pores is good, and at some places, these pores

关键词： Reservoir characteristics Jurassic Datta Formation Porosity.permeability Sandstone

Origin of Quartz Cement in the Paleogene Sandstone Reservoir of Shahejie Formation,Bohai Bay Basin,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第1期96卷 248-260页

作者： Muhammad KASHIF CAO Yingchang Nizam Ud DIN Uzair SIDDIQUE XI Kelai Faisal REHMAN noor ahmed GU Xihao Mohammad Saleh GAGHMAN Department of Earth sciences University of SargodhaSargodha 40100Pakistan School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumQingdaoShandong 266580China College of Earth sciences and Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Institute of Marine Geology and Resources Ocean CollegeZhejiang UniversityZhoushanZhejiang 316021China Department of Earth sciences Quaid-I-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan

The precipitation of authigenic quartz plays a significant role to reduce the reservoir characteristics and enhance the stiffness of the *** Es_(1) sandstone of Shahejie Formation is acting as a significant hydrocarbon producing rock in the Nanpu *** methods like thin section petrography,cathodoluminescence(CL),scanning electron microscope(SEM,with EDS),and electron microprobe analysis has been used to reveal the origin of quartz cement as well as to evaluate the effect of quartz cement on reservoir *** studied sandstone is classified as immature to mature feldspathic litharenite and lithic arkose and consists of quartz,feldspar,rock fragments and *** studies and SEM analysis shows that the authigenic quartz is acting a significant cement that reduces the reservoir *** clay minerals(kaolinite and mixed layer illite to smectite)are dominant in the Es_(1) sandstone,that can reduce the reservoir ***,CL and thin section analysis reveal that there are two stages of quartz cement in the studied samples;that are pore filling authigenic cement and quartz overgrowth *** inclusion homogenization temperatures shows that stages of quartz cement were developed with continuous process from 70℃ to 130℃.Quartz cements were generally originated from I/S reaction,feldspar dissolution,conversion of rock fragments and pressure *** dissolution(K-feldspar)and kaolinite to illite reaction is an insignificant silica source for the silica cement which is internally precipitated in a close system with diffusion transporting ***,quartz cement significantly enhance the rock strengthen and brittleness effectively as well as it reduce the overall reservoir quality.

关键词： origin authigenic quartz silica sources diffusion Shahejie Formation

Indoor Air Quality Measurement with the Installation of a Rooftop Turbine Ventilator

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2012年第11期3卷 1498-1508页

作者： Jason Lien noor ahmed School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of New South Wales Kensington Australia

The present paper presents a numerical analysis of the difference in comfort level inside a room of a residential building when roof top turbine ventilator is installed. This analysis simulates various comfort factors which includes the indoor air movement, room temperature, Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied (PPD). Various test cases of ventilator exhaust rate were examined. The results showed that general comfort satisfying international standards in building can be achieved. This study also presents a qualitative and quantitative study of indoor air temperature and overall indoor air flow pattern. A promising conclusion that can be drawn from this study is that wind driven ventilators can play an important role in the design of a cost effective and energy efficient ventilation system inside a building.

关键词： Indoor Air Quality Rooftop Turbine Ventilator Computational Analysis

Engineering Solutions towards Cost-Effective Sustainable Environment and Living

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2012年第2期6卷 155-167页

作者： noor-E-Alam ahmed School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

One important area where the development of economically viable products can improve the quality and comfort of human existence is natural ventilation inside a building. Despite the wide distribution of air pollutant sources, the concentration of indoor pollutants may be the dominant risk factor in relation to personal exposure, as most people spend an average of 87% and 6% of their time within enclosed rooms and vehicles, respectively. Under these circumstances, wind driven rotating ventilators, which use natural energy and are cheap to manufacture, install and maintain, can become very effective non-polluting means of alleviating the problems within enclosed spaces. The author has been pioneering design and performance studies of environment friendly products such as the rooftop ventilator for over a decade at the University of New South Wales in Australia. The purpose of this paper is to detail the basic working principles of this ventilator and the series of detailed experimental and numerical investigations that has been performed in the optimization of the rooftop ventilator in terms of performance with higher air mass extraction rate and improved safety in operation has been achieved. Findings from these studies have been incorporated in the design of ventilators that are now commercially produced and marketed throughout the world by CSR Edmonds Pry Ltd of Australia. The conduct and outcomes of these works form the basis of this keynote paper.

关键词： Wind natural ventilation roof-top ventilator inlet air quality environment friendly.

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《女奴生平》中黑人女奴的他者形象

《女奴生平》中黑人女奴的他者形象

作者： Hibo ahmed noor 中南大学

学位级别：硕士

Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, an intriguing and enlightening look at slavery through the eyes of a female slave by the name of Harriet Jacobs, opens a door into the mind of a slave woman in the 1800s. Although the novel was first published in the United States in 1861, Lindas (Harriet’s) trials and tribulations still apply to all Americans today.This present thesis intends to apply Foucault power theory to analyze how black slave women are treated. Masters have complete power over their subject (slaves) with the law being made to their advantage. These black women slaves are therefore denied discourse of power and reduced to "the Other". This thesis will focus on the protagonist s (Linda Brent) life within the sphere of slavery.Apart from the introduction and conclusion, the thesis comprises three chapters. The first chapter, by focusing on their suppression, sexual exploitation and the separation from family, discusses the anguish of the black women slaves in girlhood as they are treated less than human beings as the Other.The second chapter is devoted to the plight of womanhood in the novel;disclosing how the institution of slavery and the masters manipulate their unlimited power over these black slave women, subvert their identity, and how these women as the Other encounter the oppression under power. Also discussed will be the resistance offered by these women against such oppressive power discourse as Foucault maintains that there is no power which goes unchallenged.The last chapter will look into the suppressed motherhood of black women in the novel. As the Other, they are subjects of oppression, denied or forced to be mothers at an early age. Unfortunately enough, the suppressive power of slavery does not allow them to enjoy motherhood.With Foucault s power theory as the perspective, the present thesis on incident in the Life of a Slave Girl has significant value and hopes to open one more path for other researchers and critics to

关键词： Harriet Jacobs Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl subject power the Other slavery

Knowledge and Practices among Nurses Regarding Patients’ Care Following Cardiac Catheterization at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan

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Open Journal of Nursing 2019年第8期9卷 809-834页

作者： Adnan Yaqoob Rubina Barolia ahmed noor Afshan Nazar Aga Khan University School of Nursing and Midwifery The Indus Hospital Karachi Pakistan

Aims: The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge and practices among nurses regarding patient care, following cardiac catheterization, at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the major cause of morbidity and mortality, globally. Nurses are the largest body of health care professionals who attempt to reduce the burden of cardiovascular diseases. Design: This study employed a descriptive analytical cross-sectional study design to answer the research questions. Methodology: The data were collected from 70 participants using two instruments. Knowledge was assessed through a 50-multiple-choice questions-based questionnaire, whereas, to assess the practices, an observational checklist was utilized which comprised of 20 components. Findings: The majority of the nurses, 54.3%, had adequate, 40% nurses had inadequate, and only 5.7% nurses had excellent knowledge scores. Moreover, 87.1% nurses were observed as carrying out unsatisfactory practices, whereas, only 12.9% nurses were found carrying out satisfactory practices. Conclusion: Since variation in the practices was observed in each of the department, therefore, there is a need for further research, to assess nurses’ attitudes through a qualitative approach and to develop and implement a standard post-cardiac catheterization care protocol.

关键词： Nurses’ Knowledge Nurses’ Practices Cardiac Catheterization Post PCI Nursing Care

Extended Forgery Detection Framework for COVID-19 Medical Data Using Convolutional Neural Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 3773-3787页

作者： Sajid Habib Gill noor ahmed Sheikh Samina Rajpar Zain ul Abidin N.Z.Jhanjhi Muneer Ahmad Mirza Abdur Razzaq Sultan S.Alshamrani Yasir Malik Fehmi Jaafar Department of Computer Science Shah Abdul Latif UniversityKhairpur66020SindhPakistan National College of Business Administration&Economics Lahore54000Pakistan School of Computer Science and Engineering SCETaylor’s UniversityMalaysia Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computer Science&Information TechnologyUniversiti MalayaMalaysia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Engineering&Computing SciencesNew York Institute of TechnologyVancouverCanada The Computer Research Institute of Montreal QuebecCanada

Medical data tampering has become one of the main challenges in the field of secure-aware medical data *** of normal patients’medical data to present them as COVID-19 patients is an illegitimate action that has been carried out in different ways ***,the integrity of these data can be *** detection is a method of detecting an anomaly in manipulated forged *** appropriate number of features are needed to identify an anomaly as either forged or non-forged data in order to find distortion or tampering in the original *** neural networks(CNNs)have contributed a major breakthrough in this type of *** has been much interest from both the clinicians and the AI community in the possibility of widespread usage of artificial neural networks for quick diagnosis using medical data for early COVID-19 patient *** purpose of this paper is to detect forgery in COVID-19 medical data by using CNN in the error level analysis(ELA)by verifying the noise pattern in the *** proposed improved ELA method is evaluated using a type of data splicing forgery and sigmoid and ReLU phenomenon *** proposed method is verified by manipulating COVID-19 data using different types of forgeries and then applying the proposed CNN model to the data to detect the data *** results show that the accuracy of the proposed CNN model on the test COVID-19 data is approximately 92%.

关键词： Data security data privacy medical-data forgery COVID-19 convolutional neural network machine learning deep learning

AN AGENT BASED FRAMEWORK FOR INSIDER THREAT,PRIVACY AND ADAPTABILITY MANAGEMENT

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AN AGENT BASED FRAMEWORK FOR INSIDER THREAT,PRIVACY AND ADAP...