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Multiple forest structural elements are needed to promote beetle biomass, diversity and abundance

Forest Ecosystems 2022年第5期9卷 585-595页

作者： nolan j.rappa Michael Staab julian Frey Nathalie Winiger Alexandra-Maria Klein Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology University of FreiburgTennenbacherstrasse 479106Freiburg im BreisgauGermany Ecological Networks Technical University DarmstadtSchnittspahnstrasse 364287DarmstadtGermany Forest Growth and Dendroecology University of FreiburgTennenbacherstrasse 479106Freiburg im BreisgauGermany Wildlife Ecology and Management University of FreiburgTennenbacherstrasse 479106Freiburg im BreisgauGermany

Background:Retention forestry is a management strategy aiming to mitigate biodiversity loss by retaining structural elements such as dead trees that would otherwise be *** we analyze the biomass,diversity and abundance among forest beetles collected using window traps on 1281-ha forest sites reflecting gradients in the amount of structural elements in southwestern ***:We found that beetle biomass increased with mean diameter at breast height(a measure of tree size),and decreased with stand structural *** of individual feeding guilds responded differently to forest structural elements,namely lying deadwood,understory complexity,tree basal area and stand structural *** family diversity increased with the effective number of layers,i.e.1-m forest strata occupied by vegetation assessed via terrestrial laser *** of feeding guilds responded to only elevation and share of deciduous *** composition in terms of biomass was structured by forest elements similar to biomass of individual feeding guilds,with the addition of lying *** differed from community composition in terms of abundance of feeding guilds,which was structured by primarily standing deadwood volume and share of deciduous ***:Our results show that biomass,diversity and abundance respond differently to forest structural *** suggests that the concurrent prioritization of multiple forest elements is needed to promote forest beetles,with more focus placed on the differing resource needs among feeding *** addition,retention strategies should also consider the varying responses of beetle biodiversity metrics when assessing the importance of forest structural elements.

关键词： Allometry Biodiversity Coleoptera Forest management Terrestrial laser scanning Window trap

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Carbon pool dynamics after variable retention harvesting in Nothofagus pumilio forests of Tierra del Fuego

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 66-84页

作者： jimena E.Chaves Marie-Claire Aravena Acu?a julián Rodríguez-Souilla juan M.Cellini nolan j.rappa María V.Lencinas Pablo L.Peri Guillermo j.Martínez Pastur Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Maderas (LIMAD) Universidad Nacional de la Plata (UNLP) Nature Conservation & Landscape Ecology University of Freiburg Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UNPA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)

Background It is necessary to determine the implications for managing forest stands using variable retention harvesting for maintaining carbon and for calculating the effects of different harvesting practices on above-and belowground carbon balance in forest ecosystems. In this context, forest carbon management has gained more attention among managers and policy-makers during recent years. The aim of this study was to determine carbon pool dynamics in different forest ecosystem components after variable retention harvesting(VRH) to characterize the ecological stability and quantify the recovery rate through the years-after-harvesting(YAH).Methods Carbon pool compartmentalization of 14 different components was determined in 60 harvested and primary unmanaged forests during the first 18 YAH in Tierra del Fuego(Argentina). We compared them using uni-and multi-variate methods, relativizing the outputs with primary unmanaged *** We determined the effectiveness to retain carbon components in post-harvested stands under different retention strategies(aggregated vs. dispersed). The balance among carbon pool components changed between managed and unmanaged stands across the YAH, and was directly related to the impact magnitude. Aggregated retention improved the ecological stability of the harvested areas, where the below-ground components were more stable than the above-ground components. The recovery rate was directly related to the post-harvesting natural dynamics of the stands. The studied period was not enough to fully recover the C levels of primary unmanaged forests, but VRH showed advantages to increase the C pools in the managed *** Promoting VRH can improve sustainable forestry at the landscape level and in the long term, generating positive synergies with biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services. This study provides important new insights into forest carbon management, in particular to setting standards in carbon projects and

关键词： Carbon reservoir Temperate forest Ecological stability Recovery rate Forest carbon management

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Testosterone treatment in older men： glass half empty or half full？

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Asian journal of Andrology 2017年第5期19卷 512-514页

作者： Brendan j nolan Mathis Grossmann Department of Endocrinology Austin HealthHeidelberg Victoria 3084 Australia Department of Medicine University of Melbourne Austin HealthHeidelberg Victoria 3084 Australia

In a series of randomized controlled trials published in jAMA and jAMA Intern Med,US researchers have examined the effect of testosterone treatment in older men with testosterone levels 〈275 ng dl^-1 on coronary arte... 详细信息

关键词： ELDERLY-MEN HYPOGONADISM

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Dyeing of Polypropylene Fibers with Vat Dyes

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journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2006年第5期23卷 15-19页

作者：刘航 ETTERS j . nolan LEONAS Karen K Department of Textiles Merchandising & Interiors University of Georgia Athens Georgia 30605 USA

Polypropylene fibers have been extensively used in a variety of products, including carpets and upholstery, due to their non-absorbency, good weather resistance, good resistance to microorganisms and so on. Because of their hydrophobic and highly crystalline nature, those well-established conventional dyeing processes are difficult to apply to unmodified polypropylene. Colors of polypropylene fibers are primarily obtained by mass coloration which has the disadvantages of limited number of colors available and difficulties in inventory control due to the rapidly changing color needs of the market. In this paper, the use of vat dyes to dye polypropylene fabrics is investigated. Seventeen vat dyes were screened and factors influencing uptake of dyes by polypropylene fabrics were studied.

关键词：聚丙烯染色材料染色技术光纤

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Local Anesthesia in Cataract Surgery-A Comparison of Different Methods

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眼科学报 1993年第1期9卷 21-22,20页

作者： nolan j Aziz M Ahmad M Shehata M Iqbal F Department of Ophthalmology University College hospital Galway IrelandDepartment of Ophthalmology University College hospital Galway IrelandDepartment of Ophthalmology University College hospital Galway IrelandDepartment of Ophthalmology University College hospital Galway IrelandDepartment of Ophthalmology University College hospital Galway Ireland

Seven groups of thirty patients undergoing cataract extraction under local anesthesia were each given different combinations of local anesthesia. These varied from a maximum approach using supra-orbital, infra-orbital and facial blocks with Hyalase, orbital compression and pre-operative Acetazolamide down to a minimum group receiving purely an infra- orbital and supra-orbital block with a Ugnocaine/Bupivacaine mixture. There was no significant difference in local analgesia or in the complication rates b...

关键词： Cararct surgery Anaesthesia.

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Therapeutic potential of neuromodulation for demyelinating diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第2期16卷 214-217页

作者： Elliot H.Choi Chioma Nwakalor nolan j.Brown joonho Lee Michael Y.Oh In Hong Yang Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA Department of Ophthalmology Gavin Herbert Eye InstituteSchool of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science Center for Biomedical Engineering and ScienceUniversity of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNCUSA University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry RochesterNYUSA

Neuromodulation represents a cutting edge class of both invasive and non-invasive therapeutic methods which alter the activity of ***,several different techniques have been developed-or are currently being investigated–to treat a wide variety of neurological and neuropsychiatric ***,in vivo and in vitro studies have revealed that neuromodulation can also induce myelination,meaning that it could hold potential as a therapy for various demyelinating diseases including multiple sclerosis and progressive multifocal *** findings come on the heels of a paradigm shift in the view of myelin's role within the nervous system from a static structure to an active co-regulator of central nervous system plasticity and participant in neuron-mediated *** the present review,we highlight several of the recent findings regarding the role of neural activity in altering myelination including several soluble and contact-dependent factors that seem to mediate neural activitydependent *** also highlight several considerations for neuromodulatory techniques,including the need for further research into spatiotemporal precision,dosage,and the safety and efficacy of transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation,an emerging neuromodulation *** the field of neuromodulation continues to evolve,it could potentially bring forth methods for the treatment of demyelinating diseases,and as such,further investigation into the mechanisms of neuron-dependent myelination as well as neuro-imaging modalities that can monitor myelination activity is warranted.

关键词： central nervous system deep brain stimulation myelination neural activity oligodendrocyte optogenetic stimulation transcranial electrical stimulation transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation transcranial magnetic stimulation

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Potential availability of non-woody biomass feedstock for pellet production within the Republic of Ireland

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International journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2010年第1期3卷 63-73页

作者： Anthony nolan Kevin Mc Donnell Ger j.Devlin john P.Carroll john Finnan Biosystems Engineering UCD School of AgricultureFood Science and Veterinary MedicineUniversity College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland Teagasc Crops Research Centre Oak ParkCarlowIreland

The threat of increasing fuel prices and climate change necessitates the need for clean,renewable and independent energy sources.A GIS(Geographical Information Systems)model was developed using ArcGIS 9.2 to analyze the availability of non-woody biomass(wheat,oat,barley and rape straw,willow and miscanthus)for pellet production in *** within the heating and electricity sector would displace currently used fossil fuels with cleaner,carbon neutral non-woody *** aim of the analysis was to determine the total hectares of biomass within Ireland and compute the potential non-woody biomass *** greatest potential source of biomass for pelleting is cereal *** the Republic of Ireland the South-East,South-West and Mid-East of Ireland have the greatest biomass yield for pellet production and likely to be most economically ***-woody biomass has a realistic potential to displace fossil fuels within the heating and electricity sector resulting in CO2 mitigation.

关键词： biomass pellet production non-woody biomass GIS analysis renewable energy source CO2 mitigation

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Epidural electrical stimulation for spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第12期16卷 2367-2375页

作者： Elliot H.Choi Sandra Gattas nolan j.Brown john D.Hong joshua N.Limbo Alvin Y.Chan Michael Y.Oh Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA Department of Ophthalmology Gavin Herbert Eye InstituteSchool of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Department of Neurosurgery University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA

A long-standing goal of spinal cord injury research is to develop effective repair strategies,which can restore motor and sensory functions to near-normal *** advances in clinical management of spinal cord injury have significantly improved the prognosis,survival rate and quality of life in patients with spinal cord *** addition,a significant progress in basic science research has unraveled the underlying cellular and molecular events of spinal cord *** efforts enabled the development of pharmacologic agents,biomaterials and stem-cell based *** these efforts,there is still no standard care to regenerate axons or restore function of silent axons in the injured spinal *** challenges led to an increased focus on another therapeutic approach,namely *** multiple animal models of spinal cord injury,epidural electrical stimulation of the spinal cord has demonstrated a recovery of motor *** evidence regarding the efficacy of epidural electrical stimulation has further expanded the potential of epidural electrical stimulation for treating patients with spinal cord ***,most clinical studies were conducted on a very small number of patients with a wide range of spinal cord ***,subsequent studies are essential to evaluate the therapeutic potential of epidural electrical stimulation for spinal cord injury and to optimize stimulation ***,we discuss cellular and molecular events that continue to damage the injured spinal cord and impede neurological recovery following spinal cord *** also discuss and summarize the animal and human studies that evaluated epidural electrical stimulation in spinal cord injury.

关键词： central nervous system chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans epidural electrical stimulation glial scar gliosis neural activity neuromodulation oligodendrocyte spinal cord injury

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Contemporary use of sentinel lymph node biopsy in the head and neck

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World journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2016年第2期2卷 -页

作者： nolan B. Seim Chadwick L. Wright Amit Agrawal a Department of 0tolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute The 0hio State University Wexner Medical Center 4000 Eye and Ear Institute 915 0lentangy River Road Columbus 0H 43210 USA Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Department of Radiology The 0hio State University Wexner Medical Center 395 W 12th Avenue Rm. 430 Columbus 0H 43210 USA

Sentinel lymph node biopsy has become a well-established and commonplace practice in many oncologic disease sites as a means to stage the regional lymphatics, avoid unnecessary surgery and decrease patient morbidity. In the head and neck, its role is well established for cutaneous melanoma with proven fidelity and survival benefit. Its role in use for other sites such as oral cavity carcinoma continues to develop with promising results from several recent trials. Although not widely adopted, the potential benefits of sentinel lymph node biopsy in the management of oral cavity carcinoma are apparent. Refinements in technology and protocols including development of novel radiopharmaceutical tracers, routine incorporation of detailed anatomic imaging, increasing surgeon experience and development of new intraoperative identification aids will likely lead to improvements in the use and accuracy of this technique.

关键词： Head and neck cancer Lymphoscintigraphy Oral cavity cancer Sentinel lymph node Squamous cell carcinoma

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Compressible and Choked Flows in Rotating Passages

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Open journal of Fluid Dynamics 2019年第1期9卷 1-21页

作者： nolan j. Dyck Anthony G. Straatman The Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Western University London Canada

The present study revisits the rotating duct problem examined by Polihronov and Straatman (j. Polihronov and A. G. Straatman, Phys. Rev. Lett. v. 109, p. 054504 (2012)). Starting from the general compressible Euler equations in a non-stationary reference frame closed form expressions for velocity, temperature, density and pressure along the duct are determined. The present results are more general than those obtained by Polihronov and Straatman, as the change of in-frame kinetic energy has been retained. The improvement of the present results over Polihronov and Straatman’s is demonstrated by comparison with the results of a computational fluid dynamics study. The new results have been further generalized to the case of a rotating duct with varying cross-sectional area, and again for a general curved passage in three-dimensional space. The work required or derived from the rotating duct has also been computed. The choked flow condition within the passage of varying cross-sectional area has been identified, along with the constraints which must be placed on the Mach, Rossby, and tip Mach numbers to avoid choked flow. Finally, a straightforward technique to identify any locations where an ideal rotating flow in a constrained passage will become sonic has been presented.

关键词： Compressible Flows Rotational Flows

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