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Management of early oesophageal cancer:An overview

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World Journal of gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期16卷 1255-1258页

作者： gavin g Calpin Matthew g Davey noel E Donlon Department of Surgery Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublin D2Ireland Department of Upper gastrointestinal Surgery Beaumont HospitalDublin D09V2N0Ireland

The incidence of esophageal cancer,namely the adenocarcinoma subtype,continues to increase exponentially on an annual *** indolent nature of the disease renders a significant proportion inoperable at first presentation,however,with the increased utilisation of endoscopy,many early lesions are now being identified which are suitable for endotherapeutic *** article details the options available for dealing with early esophageal cancer by endoscopic mean obviating the need for surgery thereby avoiding the potential morbidity and mortality of such intervention.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Endotherapy Endoscopic submucosal resection Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopy

Inhaled hypertonic saline for cystic fibrosis: Reviewing the potential evidence for modulation of neutrophil signalling and function

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2015年第3期4卷 179-191页

作者： Emer P Reeves Cormac McCarthy Oliver J mcelvaney Maya Sakthi N Vijayan Michelle M White Danielle M Dunlea Kerstin Pohl Noreen Lacey noel g.mcelvaney Respiratory Research Division Department of Medicine Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Beaumont Hospital

Cystic fibrosis(CF) is a multisystem disorder with significantly shortened life expectancy. The major cause of mortality and morbidity is lung disease with increasing pulmonary exacerbations and decline in lung function predicting significantly poorer outcomes. The pathogenesis of lung disease in CF is characterised in part by decreased airway surface liquid volume and subsequent failure of normal mucociliary clearance. This leads to accumulation of viscous mucus in the CF airway, providing an ideal environment for bacterial pathogens to grow and colonise, propagating airway inflammation in CF. The use of nebulised hypertonic saline(HTS) treatments has been shown to improve mucus clearance in CF and impact positively upon exacerbations, quality of life, and lung function. Several mechanisms of HTS likely improve outcome, resulting in clinically relevant enhancement in disease parameters related to increase in mucociliary clearance. There is increasing evidence to suggest that HTS is also beneficial through its anti-inflammatory properties and its ability to reduce bacterial activity and biofilm formation. This review will first describe the use of HTS in treatment of CF focusing on its efficacy and tolerability. The emphasis will then change to the potential benefits of aerosolized HTS for the attenuation of receptor mediated neutrophil functions, including down-regulation of oxidative burst activity, adhesion molecule expression, and the suppression of neutrophil degranulation of proteolytic enzymes.

关键词： Cystic fibrosis Hypertonic saline Mucociliary clearance Neutrophils and inflammation

Implementation of 2D DomainDecomposition in the UCAN gyrokinetic Particle-in-Cell Code and Resulting Performance of UCAN2

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Communications in Computational Physics 2016年第1期19卷 205-225页

作者： Jean-noel g.Leboeuf Viktor K.Decyk David E.Newman Raul Sanchez Department of Physics University of AlaskaFairbanksAK 99775-5920USA Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Digital Research and Education(IDRE)University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095-1547USA Departamento de Fsica Universidad Carlos IIILeganes 28911MadridSpain

The massively parallel,nonlinear,three-dimensional(3D),toroidal,electrostatic,gyrokinetic,particle-in-cell(PIC),Cartesian geometry UCANcode,with particle ions and adiabatic electrons,has been successfully exercised to identify non-diffusive transport characteristics in present day tokamak *** limitation in applying UCAN to larger scale discharges is the 1D domain decomposition in the toroidal(or z-)direction for massively parallel implementation using MPI which has restricted the calculations to a few hundred ion Larmor radii or gyroradii per plasma minor *** exceed these sizes,we have implemented 2D domain decomposition in UCANwith the addition of the y-direction to the processor *** has been facilitated by use of relevant components in the P2LIB library of field and particle management routines developed for UCLA’s UPIC Framework of conventional PIC *** gyroaveraging specific to gyrokinetic codes is simplified by the use of replicated arrays for efficient charge accumulation and force *** 2D domain-decomposed UCAN2 code reproduces the original 1D domain nonlinear results within *** of UCAN2 on the Cray XC30 Edison at NERSC demonstrate ideal scaling when problem size is increased along with processor number up to the largest power of 2 available,namely 131,072 *** particle weak scaling benchmarks also indicate that the 1 nanosecond per particle per time step and 1 TFlops barriers are easily broken by UCAN2 with 1 billion particles or more and 2000 or more processors.

关键词： gyrokinetic simulation particle-in-cell method massive parall

Nano CuO/g-C_3N_4 sheets-based ultrafiltration membrane with enhanced interfacial affinity,antifouling and protein separation performances for water treatment application

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第8期31卷 57-69页

作者： Thanigaivelan Arumugham Reshika gnanamoorthi Amimodu noel Jacob Kaleekkal Dipak Rana Department of Chemistry School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) Department of Integrative Biology School of Bioscience and Technology Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology Calicut Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Industrial Membrane Research Institute University of Ottawa

To improve the interfacial affinity and antifouling properties of polyphenylsulfone(PPSU)membrane, nano CuO/g-C3 N4(g-CN) sheets were synthesized via facile calcination route as one pot synthesis method. The uniformly assembled nanohybrid fillers, CuO on g-CN sheets were confirmed by using XRD, TEM, EDX and FTIR analysis. The non-solvent induced phase inversion technique was used to fabricate the nanohybrid ultrafiltration(UF)membranes by doping different concentration(0.5–1 wt.%) of nano CuO/g-C_3 N_4(g-CN)sheets within the PPSU matrix. The results of contact angle, atomic force microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy reveal that surface structure and physico-chemical properties of nanohybrid membrane plays lead role in solute interaction and rejection compared to bare membrane, M0. Furthermore, the interfacial affinity of membrane was explored in detail via surface free energy, spreading coefficient, wetting tension and reversible work of adhesion analysis. Nanohybrid UF membrane, with 0.5% of the filler(M1)displayed remarkable permeation flux of 202, 131 L/m2/hr for pure water and protein solution, respectively while maintaining a high protein rejection(96%). Moreover, the exceptional dispersion of the nanosheets in the polymer matrix enhanced FRR(79%) and decreased the overall resistance of M1 compared to the pristine membrane(M0). Overall results suggest that the incorporation of nano sheets is a facile modification technique which improves the comprehensive membrane performance and holds a great potential to be further explored for water treatment.

关键词： Ultrafiltration membrane Copper oxide graphitic carbon nitride Interfacial affinity Antifouling Protein removal

Maternal reproductive health: Expression patterns of antioxidant enzyme selenoproteins of post-implantation embryos conceived by ethanol-treated murine mothers supplemented with α-tocopherol

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2017年第1期6卷 21-25页

作者： gliceria B Ramos noel F Alfonso glenn g Oyong Aleli Jillian L Sia Biology Department De La Salle UniversityTaft AvenueManilaPhilippines1004 University Science Foundation-University Research Coordination Office (USF-URCO)De La Salle UniversityManilaPhilippines Molecular Biology Unit CENSERDe La Salle UniversityTaft AvenueManilaPhilippines Department of Biology College of Arts and SciencesUniversity of the Philippines-Manila

Objective:To investigate if the protective effect ofα-tocopherol against the impact of ethanol on brain morphogenesis involved the activity of the selenoproteins phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHgPx;gPx4) and selenoprotein P (SelPP) that have roles against oxidative ***:Forty female mice were randomly assigned into natural control (CON), positive control (ETOH), low-, medium-, and high-α-tocopherol-supplemented-ethanol groups (LTOC, MTOC, HTOC, respectively). CON received drinking water without ethanol while ETOH, LTOC, MTOC and HTOC groups received 20% ethanol in drinking water. The supplemented groups were given respective dosages ofα-tocopherol, 0.410, 0.819, and 1.640 mg/g body weight, at day 14 before mating onwards to the day 9 of gestation. At 10.5 ED of gestation (1100 h), the pregnant females were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and the embryos were harvested. Total RNA were extracted, cDNA synthesis and qRT- PCR analyses were carried ***: The level of expression of PHgPx in the positive control was significantly lower than that of the natural control. Among the threeα-tocopherol-supplemented groups, only the medium dose- group was significantly higher than the positive control. The level of expression of SelPP in the positive control was significantly lower than those of the natural control, the low- and medium- dose -tocopherol supplemented groups. In the high dose-α-tocopherol supplemented group, the level of expression was not significantly different from the positive control but significantly lower than the natural ***: The activity of the selenoproteins PHgPx and SelPP are involved in the internetwork of antioxidative enzymes with vitamin E when given up to a medium dose only and is one of the possible pathways of shielding embryonic development against the impact of ethanol on brain morphogenesis. This study strengthens the impact of dietaryα-tocopherol and Selenium supplement during the criti

关键词： α-tocopherol Dysmorphogenesis Ethanol PHgPx Postimplantation embryos Selenoproteins SelPP

High-risk symptoms and quantitative faecal immunochemical test accuracy: Systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2019年第19期25卷 2383-2401页

作者： noel Pin Vieito Sara Zarraqui?os Joaquín Cubiella Department of gastroenterology Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria galicia Sur Department of Biochemistry Genetics and Immunology Faculty of Biology University of Vigo

BACKgROUND The quantitative faecal immunochemical test for haemoglobin(FIT) has been revealed to be highly accurate for colorectal cancer(CRC) detection not only in a screening setting, but also in the assessment of patients presenting lower bowel symptoms. Therefore, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence has recommended the adoption of FIT in primary care to guide referral for suspected CRC in low-risk symptomatic patients using a 10 μg Hb/g faeces ***, it is unknown whether FIT′s accuracy remains stable throughout the broad spectrum of possible *** To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess FIT accuracy for CRC detection in different clinical *** A systematic literature search was performed using MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from inception to May 2018 to conduct a meta-analysis of prospective studies including symptomatic patients that evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of quantitative FIT for CRC detection. Studies were classified on the basis of brand,threshold of faecal haemoglobin concentration for a positive test result,percentage of reported symptoms(solely symptomatic, mixed cohorts) and CRC prevalence(geneity and perform subgroup analysis to assess the influence of clinical spectrum on FIT′s accuracy to detect *** Fifteen cohorts including 13073 patients(CRC prevalence 0.4% to 16.8%) were identified. Pooled estimates of sensitivity for studies using OC-Sensor at 10 μg Hb/g faeces threshold(n = 10400) was 89.6% [95% confidence interval(CI): 82.7%to 94.0%). However, pooled estimates of sensitivity for studies formed solely by symptomatic patients(n = 4035) and mixed cohorts(n = 6365) were 94.1%(95%CI: 90.0% to 96.6%) and 85.5%(95%CI: 76.5% to 91.4%) respectively(P gnificant differences between pooled sensitivity of studies with CRC prevalence < 2.5%(84.9%, 95%CI: 73.4% to 92.0%)and ≥ 2.5%(91.7%, 95%CI: 83.

关键词： Bowel disease Colorectal cancer Diagnostic accuracy Faecal haemoglobin Faecal immunochemical test Faecal occult blood test Inflammatory bowel disease Significant colonic lesion

Bulk petroleum geochemistry of shales from the onshore Rio del Rey Basin,Cameroon

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Energy geoscience 2022年第2期3卷 111-119页

作者： Christopher M.Agyingi noel C.Tangko Emmanuel Eseme Department of geology University of BueaCameroon P.O.Box 63BueaCameroon Activation Laboratories Ltd AncasterONCanada

Petroleum production in the Rio del Rey Basin,which is an extension of the Niger Delta of Nigeria into Cameroon,has been limited to the Tertiary offshore portion since the late *** to dedlining reserves in this offshore portion,the onshore Cretaceous portion of the basin attracted significant attention in the last *** the present *** from outcrops in the onshore portion of the basin were analyzed to evaluate their potential as source rocks,assess hydrocarbon generation,and highlight their signifcance for *** observations,total organic carbon(TOC)measure-ments,and Rock Eval pyrolysis were used to generate data for these ***-eval S2 values(0.42-3 mg HC/g rock)based on measured present-day TOC values(0.58-2.44 wtx)of the shales studied signify poor to fair source rock potentials,whereas calculated S2 values(1.74-8.19 mg HC/g rock)based on estimated original TOC values(0.67-2.87 wt%)produced fair to good source rocks containing Type Ⅱ/Ⅲ kerogen,which were transformed by maturity to the present-day Type Ⅲ/Ⅳ *** of the samples based on Tmax values varying between 439 and 471℃are equivalent to maturity values ranging between 0.74% R_(r) and 1.32% R_(r), and these represent the peak oil to condensate/wet gas zones of hy-drocarbon *** results demonstrate that mature source rocks are present in the onshore part of the Rio del Rey Basin,and thus,it is suitable for petroleum exploration.

关键词： Shale Rio del Rey Basin Total organic carbon Rock-eval Petroleum geochemistry Cameroon

Inexpensive and flexible nanographene-based electrodes for ubiquitous electrocardiogram monitoring

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npj Flexible Electronics 2019年第1期3卷 100-105页

作者： Francisco J.Romero Encarnacion Castillo Almudena Rivadeneyra Alejandro Toral-Lopez Markus Becherer Francisco g.Ruiz noel Rodriguez Diego P.Morales Pervasive Electronics Advanced Research Laboratory University of Granada18071 GranadaSpain Department of Electronics and Computer Technology University of Granada18071 GranadaSpain Institute for Nanoelectronics Technische Universität München80333 MunichGermany Biochemistry and Electronics as Sensing Technologies group University of Granada18071 GranadaSpain

Flexible electronics is one of the fundamental technologies for the development of electronic skin,implant wearables,or ubiquitous *** this context,graphene-derived materials have attracted great interest due to their unique properties to fulfill the demands of these *** we report a simple one-step method for the fabrication of electrophysical electrodes based on the photothermal production of porous nanographene structures on the surface of flexible polyimide *** approach constitutes an inexpensive alternative to the commercial medical electrodes,leading to a lower and much more stable skin–electrode contact resistance and providing comparable signal *** technology has been framed inside the IoT paradigm through the development of a denoising and signal classification clustering algorithm suitable for its implementation in wearable *** experiments have shown promising achievements regarding noise reduction,increasing the crest factor~3.7 dB,as well as for the over 90%heart rate-monitoring accuracy.

关键词： ubiquitous IoT electrodes

MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION AND CONTROL IN SUPERALLOY FORgINgS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1996年第6期9卷 437-442页

作者： R.noel, D. Furrer, g. Shen and J. Lemsky(Ladish Co., Inc., P.O. Box 8902, Cudahy, WI 53110-8902, USA Ladish Co. Inc. Cudahy United States

Optimum properties of high temperature superalloys are derived from interactions of the composition,thermomechanical deformation, and heat ***-base alloys contain a variety of alloying elements in a large number of combinations to produce various desired effects. The general characteristics of any specific nickelbase superalloy is determined by *** control of the microstructure in wrought processed superalloys can further influence the resultant component *** relationship between microstructure and properties is key in advanced design and manufacture of turbine engine components, and requires extensive alloy and process characterization to achieve desired *** forging methods have been developed and employed throughout the years to process superalloy *** forging, Press forging,and advanced isothermal press forging equipment and processes have been designed and manufactured to process speciality metals which often have very narrow processing *** processes have also been introduced into turbine engine applications,which result in a hybrid of resultant structures and *** such speciality,combination process is the Ladish Iso Con process which utilizes isothermal forging and conventional forging to achieve unique properties not matched by any other single *** utilizes forging presses for conventional forging, hot-die forging and for isothermal forging, in addition to hammers and ring rolling mills for wrought *** wide range of equipment allows flexibility in process design and *** in temperature, strain and strain rate have been shown to significantly influence resultant grain sizes and *** are being developed to allow forging processes and specific forging parameters to be evaluated and optimized with regard to final microstructure before shop triale are required. Sophisticated finite element method (FEM) models are allowin

关键词： forging process modeling microstructure