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Bringing CAM photosynthesis to the table:Paving the way for resilient and productive agricultural systems in a changing climate

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Plant Communications 2024年第3期5卷 17-30页

作者： noe´Perron Matias Kirst Sixue Chen Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32608USA School of Forest Fisheries and Geomatics SciencesUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32603USA Department of Biology University of MississippiOxfordMS 38677-1848USA

Modern agricultural systems are directly threatened by global climate change and the resulting freshwater crisis.A considerable challenge in the coming years will be to develop crops that can cope with the conse-quences of declining freshwater resources and changing *** approach to meeting this chal-lenge may lie in our understanding of plant photosynthetic adaptations and water use *** from various taxa have evolved crassulacean acid metabolism(CAM),a water-conserving adaptation of photosynthetic carbon dioxidexation that enables plants to thrive under semi-arid or seasonally drought-prone *** past research on CAM has led to a better understanding of the inner workings of plant resilience and adaptation to stress,successful introduction of this pathway into C3 or C4 plants has not been *** recent revolution in molecular,systems,and synthetic biology,as well as innovations in high-throughput data generation and mining,creates new opportunities to uncover the minimum genetic tool kit required to introduce CAM traits into drought-sensitive ***,we pro-pose four complementary research avenues to uncover this tool ***,genomes and computational methods should be used to improve understanding of the nature of variations that drive CAM ***,single-cell’omics technologies offer the possibility for in-depth characterization of the mecha-nisms that trigger environmentally controlled CAM ***,the rapid increase in new’omics data enables a comprehensive,multimodal exploration of ***,the expansion of functional geno-mics methods is paving the way for integration of CAM into farming systems.

关键词： CAM photosynthesis single-cell genomics phylogenetics crop engineering synthetic biology stress resilience

Odako Growth of Dense Arrays of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Attached to Carbon Surfaces

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Nano Research 2009年第7期2卷 526-534页

作者： Cary L.Pint noe T.Alvarez Robert H.Hauge Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77005USA Department of Chemistry Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77005USA Richard E.Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77005USA

A novel process is demonstrated whereby dense arrays of single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNT)are grown directly at the interface of a carbon material or carbon *** growth process combines the concepts of SWNT tip growth and alumina-supported SWNT base growth to yield what we refer to as“odako”*** odako growth,an alumina fl ake detaches from the carbon surface and supports catalytic growth of dense SWNT arrays at the tip,leaving a direct interface between the carbon surface and the dense SWNT *** addition to being a new and novel form of SWNT array growth,this technique provides a route toward future development of many important applications for dense aligned SWNT arrays.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes carbon fibers chemical vapor deposition

Horizontally Solidified Al-3 wt%Cu-(0.5 wt%Mg)Alloys:Tailoring Thermal Parameters,Microstructure,Microhardness,and Corrosion Behavior

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2019年第6期32卷 695-709页

作者： Andre Barros Clarissa Cruz Adrina P.Silva noe Cheung Amauri Garcia Otavio Rocha Antonio Moreira Institute of Technology Federal University of Para-UFPABelemPA 66075-110Brazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Para-IFPABelemPA 66093-020Brazil Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering University of Campinas-UNICAMPCampinasSP 13083-860Brazil

In the present experimental investigation,Al–3 wt%Cu and Al–3 wt%Cu–0.5 wt%Mg alloys castings are produced by a horizontal solidification technique with a view to examining the interrelationship among growth rate(GR),cooling rate(CR),secondary dendrite arm spacing(λ2),Vickers microhardness(HV),and corrosion behavior in a 0.5 M NaCl *** intermetallic phases of the as-solidified microstructures,that is,h-Al2Cu,S–Al2CuMg,and x-Al7Cu2 Fe,are subjected to a comprehensive characterization by using calculations provided by computational thermodynamics software,optical microscopy,and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive ***,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization tests have been applied to analyze the corrosion performance of samples of both alloys ***–Petch-type equations are proposed to represent the HV dependence onλ*** is shown that the addition of Mg to the Al–Cu alloy has led to a considerable increase in HV;however,the Al–Cu binary alloy is shown to have lower corrosion current density(icorr)as well as higher polarization resistance as compared to the corresponding results of the Al–Cu–Mg ternary alloy.

关键词： Aluminum alloys Solidification Dendritic microstructure Intermetallic phases Microhardness Corrosion resistance

An illustrated guide to:Parsimonious multi-scale full-waveform inversion

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Earthquake Science 2024年第6期37卷 574-583页

作者： Andreas Fichtner Solvi Thrastarson Dirk-Philip van Herwaarden Sebastian noe Department of Earth Sciences ETH ZürichZürich 8049Switzerland

Having been a seemingly unreachable ideal for decades,3-D full-waveform inversion applied to massive seismic datasets has become reality in recent *** achieving unprecedented resolution,it has provided new insight into the structure of the Earth,from the upper few metres of soil to the entire *** by these successes,the technology is now being translated to medical ultrasound and non-destructive *** remarkable progress,the computational cost of fullwaveform inversion continues to be a major *** limits the amount of data that can be exploited,and it largely inhibits quantitative and comprehensive uncertainty *** notes complement a presentation on recent developments in full-waveform inversion that are intended to reduce computational cost and assimilate more data,thereby improving tomographic *** suite of strategies includes flexible and user-friendly spectral-element simulations,the design of wavefieldadapted meshes that harness prior information on wavefield geometry,dynamic mini-batch optimisation that naturally takes advantage of data redundancies,and collaborative multi-scale updating to jointly constrain crustal and mantle structure.

关键词： Earth model seismology full-waveform inversion

Reducing Land Degradation on the Highlands of Kilimanjaro Region: A Biogeographical Perspective

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2014年第13期4卷 437-445页

作者： Christine noe Department of Geography University of Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania

In 2012, governments across the world adopted “The Future We Want” outcome document in Rio De Janeiro as a commitment to achieve a land-degradation-neutral world. This document reasserts the importance of sustainable land management in the top of the debates on sustainable development. This paper provides an overview of Tanzania’s preparedness towards achieving these global objectives. The paper is based on a keynote address which was presented in the conference on reducing land degradation on the highlands of Kilimanjaro Region in Tanzania. Using a biogeographical perspective, the paper assesses challenges of adopting programmatic approach to sustainable land management in Tanzania. It also presents some opportunities that exist through Global Mechanism of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, which promote actions leading to coordination, mobilization and channeling of financial resources to assist member countries to coordinate and sustain sustainable land management projects.

关键词： Sustainable Land Management Bioregional Planning Kilimanjaro Tanzania

Fabrication and study of supercapacitor electrodes based on oxygen plasma functionalized carbon nanotube fibers

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第1期29卷 120-131,I0005页

作者： Paa Kwasi Adusei Seyram Gbordzoe Sathya Narayan Kanakaraj Yu-Yun Hsieh noe T.Alvarez Yanbo Fang Kevin Johnson Colin McConnell Vesselin Shanov Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45221-0072USA Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of CincinnatiOH 45221-0012USA Department of Chemistry University of CincinnatiOH 45221-0172USA

Dry-spun Carbon Nanotube(CNT)fibers were surface-modified by atmospheric pressure oxygen plasma functionalization using a well controlled and continuous *** fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Raman spectroscopy,and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy(XPS).It was found from the conducted electrochemical measurements that the functionalized fibers showed a 132.8% increase in specific capacitance compared to non-functionalized ***-adsorption test and the obtained Randles-Sevcik plot demonstrated that the oxygen plasma functionalized fibers exhibited increased surface *** was further established by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)measurements that the surface area of the CNT fibers was increased from 168.22 m^2/g to 208.01 m^2/g after plasma *** pore size distribution of the fibers was also altered by this *** improved electrochemical data was attributed to enhanced wettability,increased surface area,and the presence of oxygen functional groups,which promoted the capacitance of the *** supercapacitors were fabricated from the oxygen plasma functionalized CNT fiber electrodes using different electrolyte *** devices with functionalized electrodes exhibited excellent cyclic stability(93.2% after 4000 cycles),flexibility,bendability,and good energy *** 0.5 m A/cm^2,the EMIMBF4 device revealed a specific capacitance,which is 27% and 65%greater than the specific capacitances of devices using EMIMTFSI and H2SO4 electrolytes,*** practiced in this work plasma surface processing can be employed in other applications where fibers,yarns,ribbons,and sheets need to be chemically modified.

关键词： Oxygen plasma functionalization Fiber supercapacitors CNT fiber electrodes Ionic liquid

Stage-specific nutritional management and developmental programming to optimize meat production

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 451-464页

作者： Liang Zhao Xiangdong Liu noe A Gomez Yao Gao Jun Seok Son Song Ah Chae Mei‑Jun Zhu Min Du College of Animal Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University210095 NanjingPR China Nutrigenomics and Growth Biology Laboratory Department of Animal SciencesWashington State UniversityWA 99164 PullmanUSA Laboratory of Perinatal Kinesioepigenetics Department of ObstetricsGynecology and Reproductive SciencesUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineMD 21201 BaltimoreUSA School of Food Science Washington State UniversityWAPullmanUSA.

Over the past few decades,genetic selection and refined nutritional management have extensively been used to increase the growth rate and lean meat production of ***,the rapid growth rates of modern breeds are often accompanied by a reduction in intramuscular fat deposition and increased occurrences of muscle abnor‑malities,impairing meat quality and processing *** stages of animal development set the long‑term growth trajectory of ***,due to the seasonal reproductive cycles of ruminant livestock,gestational nutrient deficiencies caused by seasonal variations,frequent droughts,and unfavorable geological locations nega‑tively affect fetal development and their subsequent production efficiency and meat ***,enrolling live‑stock in nutritional intervention strategies during gestation is effective for improving the body composition and meat quality of the offspring at *** crucial early developmental stages include embryonic,fetal,and postnatal stages,which have stage‑specific effects on subsequent offspring development,body composition,and meat *** review summarizes contemporary research in the embryonic,fetal,and neonatal development,and the impacts of maternal nutrition on the early development and programming effects on the long‑term growth performance of *** the developmental and metabolic characteristics of skeletal muscle,adipose,and fibrotic tissues will facilitate the development of stage‑specific nutritional management strategies to optimize production efficiency and meat quality.

关键词： Adipose tissue Embryonic development Fetal programming Fibro/adipogenic progenitors Marbling Nutritional regulations Skeletal muscle

Urban Forest Digital Cadastre

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2021年第6期15卷 330-341页

作者： Nicola noe Federico Massi School of Architecture Urban Planning Construction Engineering Politecnico Milano 1863Piazza Leonardo da Vinci32Milan 20133Italy Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali Universitàdegli Studi di MilanoVia Celoria 2Milan 20133Italy

Urban forests being part of the Natural Capital,they provide goods and services for humans,the ecosystem services that are necessary for their *** recent years,the importance of ecosystem services within urban landscapes has grown *** the amount and the value of the ecosystem services provided by the Urban Forest is the main goal of the“Digital Green Cadastre”(DGC),a project in progress of survey,classification and mapping of the urban,agricultural and natural green *** DGC records the types of green cover and soil characteristics and utilizes the calculation of the total leaf area for the quantitative analysis of the botanical heritage,environmental performance and ecosystem benefits,such as water runoff management,air pollutant removal and urban heat island *** case study of Abbiategrasso-a small town in Italy-is reported.

关键词： Natural capital ecosystem services urban forests DGC leaf area index(LAI).

Neural Networks for Clustering Analysis of Molecular Data

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Neural Networks for Clustering Analysis of Molecular Data