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Hepatitis B virus infection and alcohol consumption

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第15期23卷 2651-2659页

作者： ayako iida-ueno masaru enomoto akihiro tamori norifumi kawada Department of Hepatology Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer, and the second most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide. The top three causes of HCC are hepatitis B virus(HBV),hepatitis C virus(HCV), and alcoholic liver disease. Owing to recent advances in direct-acting antiviral agents, HCV can now be eradicated in almost all patients. HBV infection and alcoholic liver disease are expected, therefore, to become the leading causes of HCC in the future. However, the association between alcohol consumption and chronic hepatitis B in the progression of liver disease is less well understood than with chronic hepatitis C. The mechanisms underlying the complex interaction between HBV and alcohol are not fully understood, and enhanced viral replication, increased oxidative stress and a weakened immune response could each play an important role in the development of HCC. It remains controversial whether HBV and alcohol synergistically increase the incidence of HCC. Herein, we review the currently available literature regarding the interaction of HBV infection and alcohol consumption on disease progression.

关键词： Entecavir Genetic factors Hepatocellular carcinoma Interferon

DEVELOPMENT OF DIRECT UPGRADING PROCESS FOR HEAVY CRUDE OIL

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石油学报（石油加工） 2001年第1期17卷 101-106页

作者： Masahiro YOSHIDA nobuyuki OTA Technical cooperation project research & development dept. Idemitsu kosan Co LTD 24-4 Anesaki-Kaigan Ichihara，Chiba 299-0107Japan Central research lab. Idemitsum kosan Co LTD1280Kaini-Izumi Sodegaura-City Chiba 299-0293Japan

The direct upgrading process from heavy crude oil to sweet and light oil (IKC process) has been deve loped for about 10 years in Idemitsu Kosan. Compared with conventional refinery scheme consisting of YR HDS, VGOHYC and so on, the new refinery scheme combined with IKC process and Topper was always economically feasible with lower cost and smaller energy consumption. In the existing refinery of no middle distillate HDS and residue HDS of HYC plants to supplement IKC process is expected to be one of the efficient methods to cope with the environmental regulations.

关键词：重质油直接浓缩工艺 IKC 环境管理原油处理

Impulse controls in optimal harvesting of age-structured populations

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生物数学学报:英文版 2023年第7期16卷 197-218页

作者： Natali Hritonenko nobuyuki Kato Yuri Yatsenko Department of Mathematics Prairie View A&M University PrairieViewTX77446USA Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Kanazawa University Kanazawa920-1192Japan Dunham College of Business Houston Baptist University 7502FondrenHouston TX 77074USA

A nonlinear optimal control problem in the Lotka-McKendrick population model is *** describes rational management of age-structured farmed populations in aquaculture and indoor *** generalized functions,we prove the impulse nature of optimal *** analytic solutions for sustainable harvesting strategies are obtained and used to analyze the optimal dynamics of harvesting age and rotation under technological innovations.

关键词： Age-structured populations aquaculture optimal harvesting relaxed optimal controls Dirac measure

Surface mass balance on Glacier No. 31 in the Suntar–Khayata Range, eastern Siberia, from 1951 to 2014

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第3期14卷 501-512页

作者： ZHANG Yong enomoto Hiroyuki OHATA Tetsuo KADOTA Tsutomu SHIRAKAWA Tatsuo TAKEUCHI Nozomu Arctic Environment Research Center National Institute of Polar ResearchTokyo 190-8518Japan The Graduate University for Advanced Studies Tokyo 190-8518Japan Japan Agency for Marin-Earth Science and Technology Yokohama 237-0061Japan Kitami Institute of Technology Kitami 090-8507Japan Department of Earth Sciences Graduate School of ScienceChiba UniversityChiba 263-8522Japan

This study presents a 64-year （1951-2014） reconstruction of the surface mass balance of Glacier No. 31, located in the Suntar-Khayata Range of the eastern Siberia, where the ablation zone is characterized by the extensive dark ice surface. We use a temperature index-based glacier mass-balance model, which computes all major components of glacier mass budget and is forced by daily air temperature and precipitation from a nearby meteorological station. The glacier shows a mean annual mass balance of -0.35 m w.e.a-1 during the past 64 years, with an acceleration of -0.50 m w.e. a^-1 during the recent years. A cumulative mass loss of the glacier is -22.3 m w.e. over the study period, about 56% of which is observed during 1991-2014. In addition to the contribution of temperature rise and precipitation decrease to recent mass loss of the glacier, an experimental analysis, in which the clean and dark ice surfaces are respectively assumed to cover the entire ablation zone, indicates that dark ice surface, caused by insoluble impurities consisting of mineral dusts, eryoconite granules, and ice algae, plays a crucial role in the changing mass balance through enhancing melt rates in the ablation zone of the glacier.

关键词： Mass balance Dark ice surface GlacierNo. 31 Suntar-Khayata Range Siberia

Clinical differences between alcoholic liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第26期20卷 8393-8406页

作者： nobuyuki Toshikuni Mikihiro Tsutsumi Tomiyasu Arisawa Department of Gastroenterology Kanazawa Medical University Department of Hepatology Kanazawa Medical University

Alcoholic liver disease(ALD)and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)are serious health problems *** two diseases have similar pathological spectra,ranging from simple hepatic steatosis to steatohepatitis,liver cirrhosis,and hepatocellular *** most subjects with excessive alcohol or food intake experience simple hepatic steatosis,a small percentage of individuals will develop progressive liver ***,both ALD and NAFLD are frequently accompanied by extrahepatic complications,including cardiovascular disease and *** survival of patients with ALD and NAFLD depends on various disease-associated *** review delineates the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with ALD and NAFLD by comparing their epidemiology,the factors associated with disease susceptibility and progression,and the predictors and characteristics of outcomes.A comprehensive understanding of the characteristics and outcomes of ALD and NAFLD is imperative in the management of these chronic liver diseases.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Clinical characteristics Outcomes Chronic liver disease

Nutrition and exercise in the management of liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第23期20卷 7286-7297页

作者： nobuyuki Toshikuni Tomiyasu Arisawa Mikihiro Tsutsumi Department of Gastroenterology Kanazawa Medical UniversityIshikawa 920-0293Japan Department of Hepatology Kanazawa Medical UniversityIshikawa 920-0293Japan

Liver cirrhosis(LC)patients often have protein-energy malnutrition(PEM)and decreased physical *** conditions often lead to sarcopenia,which is the loss of skeletal muscle volume and increased muscle *** studies have demonstrated that PEM and sarcopenia are predictors for poor survival in LC *** and exercise management can improve PEM and sarcopenia in those *** management includes sufficient dietary intake and improved nutrient *** the current high prevalence of obesity,the number of obese LC patients has increased,and restriction of excessive caloric intake without the exacerbation of impaired nutrient metabolism is required for such *** chain amino acids are good candidates for supplemental nutrients for both obese and non-obese LC *** management can increase skeletal muscle volume and strength and improve insulin resistance;however,nutritional status and LC complications should be assessed before an exercise management regimen is implemented in LC *** establishment of optimal exercise regimens for LC patients is currently *** this review,we describe nutritional status and its clinical impact on the outcomes of LC patients and discuss general nutrition and exercise management in LC patients.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Protein-energy malnutrition Sarcopenia Obesity Exercise

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第11期20卷 2876-2887页

Liver cirrhosis (LC) is a critical stage of chronic liver disease, including that caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV). In the absence of antiviral therapy, 67%-91% of patients with HCV-related LC patients die of liver-related causes, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver failure. Among the therapeutic strategies used to prevent liver-related complications in these patients is standard therapy with pegylated interferon and ribavirin, which induces a sustained virological response (SVR) in 25% of HCV genotype 1-infected patients and in 69% of patients infected with genotypes 2 and 3. SVR in patients with HCV-related LC has been associated with reduced rates of hepatic decompensation, HCC, and mortality. More recently developed direct-acting antiviral agents have shown excellent antiviral efficacy, with preliminary data demonstrating that an interferon-free regimen that includes these direct-acting antiviral agents achieved SVR in more than 50% of patients with HCV genotype 1 LC. Branched-chain amino acid supplementation, improvement of insulin resistance, and the use of β-blockers for portal hypertension may also reduce liver-related complications. Here, we review advances in antiviral and adjunctive therapies for improved outcomes in patients with HCV-associated LC.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Liver cirrhosis Hepatic decompensation Hepatocellular carcinoma Mortality Prevention Interferon Direct-acting antiviral agents

Comparison of magnitude and summated vector mean of surgically induced astigmatism vector according to incision site after phakic intraocular lens implantation

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Eye and Vision 2021年第1期8卷 317-323页

作者： Kazutaka Kamiya Wakako Ando Masahide Takahashi nobuyuki Shoji Visual Physiology School of Allied Health SciencesKitasato University1‑15‑1 KitasatoMinamiSagamiharaKanagawa 252‑0373Japan Department of Ophthalmology School of MedicineKitasato UniversitySagamiharaJapan

Background:To compare the arithmetic mean(M-SIA)and the summated vector mean of surgically induced astigmatism(SVM-SIA)according to the incision site after phakic intraocular lens(Visian implantable collamer lens(ICL),STAAR Surgical)***:This study comprised 121 eyes of 121 consecutive patients undergoing ICL surgery through a 3.0-mm temporal or superior clear corneal *** magnitude and the axis of corneal astigmatism preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively were measured using an automated *** M-SIA and the SVM-SIA were determined according to the incision ***:The magnitude of corneal astigmatism significantly increased from 1.23±0.59 D preoperatively to 1.46±0.72 D postoperatively in the temporal incision group(Wilcoxon signed-rank test,P<0.001),but it significantly decreased from 1.09±0.36 D preoperatively to 0.86±0.41 D postoperatively in the superior incision group(P<0.001).The M-SIA was 0.48±0.30 D,and the SVM-SIA was 0.23±0.52 D at a meridian of 82°in the temporal incision *** M-SIA was 0.57±0.30 D,and the SVM-SIA was 0.47±0.45 D at a meridian of 1°in the superior incision ***:ICL implantation induces the M-SIA by approximately 0.5 D,but the SVM-SIA decreased to 50%and 80%of the M-SIA in magnitude through temporal and superior incisions,*** direction of the SVM-SIA showed a tendency toward corneal flattening to the incisional *** should be noted that the M-SIA is somewhat different from the SVM-SIA according to the incision site.

关键词： Surgically induced astigmatism Corneal astigmatism Mean Summated vector mean Centroid Vector analysis Temporal incision Superior incision ICL implantation

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in Asian patients with heart failure

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Chinese Medical Journal 2023年第8期136卷 1004-1005页

作者： Shingo Kato nobuyuki Horita Daisuke Utsunomiya Department of Diagnostic Radiology Yokohama City University Graduate School of MedicineKanagawaJapan Department of Cardiology Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory CenterKanagawaJapan Chemotherapy Center Yokohama City University HospitalKanagawaJapan

To the Editor:Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2(SGLT-2)inhibitors are recognized as one of the essential drugs for the treatment of heart failure(HF).Recent randomized controlled trials(RCTs)have shown that the SGLT-2 in... 详细信息

关键词： patients drugs mortality