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Response of low active GLP-1 like substances to test meal in obese Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with obese controls with normal glucose tolerance

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2012年第3期2卷 265-271页

作者： Kyuzi Kamoi nobumasa ohara Tomoo Ikarashi You Shinozaki Kazuo Furukawa Hideo Sasaki Center of Diabetes and Endocrine & Metabolism Disease Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital Nagaoka Japan Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Niigata University Niigata Japan Diabetes Center Niigata Medical Center Niigata Japan

Background: A secretion of plasma active GLP-1 (p-active GLP-1) after ingestion of breakfast test meal (TM) is decreased in obese European patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, there was no significant difference in pactive GLP-1 secretion following TM between obese Japanese patients with T2DM and controls. The findings indicate the difference may be due to different races or dietary’s customs of subjects. Aims: We examined whether pactive GLP-1 is truly affected by TM in obese Japanese patients (n = 24, group 1) and obese controls (n = 12, group 2). Methods: Glucose (PG), insulin (s-IRI), C-peptide (s-CPR) and active GLP-1 like substances (p-active GLP-1-S) levels in blood were measured 0, 30 and 60 min after TM. Obese Japanese patients with mean 9 years of diabetes had micro- and macro-vascular disturbances and were treated with diet, exercise and/or oral drugs for hyperglycemia. Results: There was no significant difference in sex, age or BMI between groups. Means HbA1c and PG were significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2. There were no significant differences in means of basal s-IRI, HOMA-R and s-CPR between groups. However, means of HOMA-β, insulinogenic index, postprandial s-IRI, s-CPR and p-active GLP-1-S or p-active GLP-1-S/PG values after TM were significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2. Conclusions: These results indicate that a response of p-active GLP-1-S after TM in obese Japanese patients with T2DM was decreased and secretion of GLP-1 relative to PG was impaired. The method of enhancing function of active GLP-1 may be useful for treatment in some of patients with diabetes mellitus.

关键词： Active GLP-1 Test Meal BMI Obesity Japanese Type 2DM

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High-energy x-ray diffraction study on phase transition asymmetry of plastic crystal neopentylglycol

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第3期31卷 461-465页

作者： Zhe Zhang Yan-Na Chen Ji Qi Zhao Zhang Koji ohara Osami Sakata Zhi-Dong Zhang Bing Li Shenyang National Laboratory(SYNL)for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 10016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016 China Synchrotron X-ray Group Research Center for Advanced Measurement and CharacterizationNational Institute for Materials Science(NIMS)SayoJapan SPring-8 Diffraction and Scattering DivisionCenter for Synchrotron Radiation Research InstituteJapan Synchrotron Radiation Research InstituteSayoJapan

As a prototype material of colossal barocaloric effects, neopentylglycol is investigated by combining high-precision differential scanning calorimetric measurement and high-energy x-ray diffraction measurement. The diffraction data at constant temperatures indicate a first-order phase transition with thermal hysteresis as well as the phase transition asymmetry,specifically, the phase transition is completed faster at cooling than at heating. The analysis of resulting pair distribution function confirms the intermolecular disorder in the high-temperature phase. The phase transition asymmetry is quantitatively characterized by time-resolved x-ray diffraction, which is in agreement with the thermal measurement. Also, such an asymmetry is observed to be suppressed at high pressures.

关键词： colossal barocaloric effect plastic crystals phase transition asymmetry

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Effects of Ethephon and Abscisic Acid Application on Ripening-Related Genes in ‘Kohi' Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) on the Vine

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2017年第1期3卷 29-33页

作者： Kongsuwan Ampa Takanori Saito Katsuya Okawa Hitoshi ohara Satoru Kondo Graduate School of Horticulture Chiba University

The effects of ethephon and abscisic acid(ABA) application on ripening-related genes of pre-harvest ‘Kohi' kiwifruit(Actinidia chinensis) were studied to clarify the possibility of the fruit ripening on the vine. The fruits were treated on the vine at mature stage with 250 μL·L^(-1)ethephon or 100 μmol·L^(-1)ABA, and the expression levels of chlorophyll synthase(Ac CLS), chlorophyllase1(Ac CLH1), polygalacturonase(Ac PG), expansin(Ac EXP),β-amylase(Acβ-AM), sucrose synthase(Ac SUSY), MADS-box SEPALLATA4/RIPENING INHIBITOR-like(Ac SEP4/RIN) and FRUITFUL-like(Ac TDR4/FUL) genes were analyzed. The expression levels of Ac PG, Ac EXP, Acβ-AM, and Ac SUSY increased in the ethephon-treated fruit, but those of Ac CLH1 at 6and 9 days after treatment and Ac CLS decreased. Moreover, the expression levels of Ac SEP4/RIN and Ac TDR4/FUL, the latter of which is associated with ethylene biosynthesis, were higher in the ethephon-treated fruit. The expression level of each gene in ABA-treated fruit was not significantly different from that of the untreated control. The results suggest that ethephon application increases the expression levels of Ac PG,Ac EXP, Acβ-AM, Ac SUSY, Ac SEP4/RIN, and Ac TDR4/FUL in ‘Kohi' kiwifruit on the vine.

关键词： kiwifruit Actinidia chinensis ethephon ABA fruit ripening ethylene

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Effect of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine on sperm morphokinetics and DNA integrity: A prospective observational study in Japan

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2023年第2期12卷 58-63页

作者： Yasuhiro ohara Shimpei Mizuta Hidehiko Matsubayashi Tomomoto Ishikawa Tsuyoshi Takiuchi Tadashi Kimura Department of Reproductive Medicine Reproduction Clinic Osaka4-20Ofuka-choKita-kuOsakaJapan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Graduate School of MedicineOsaka University2-15YamadaokaSuita CityOsakaJapan Department of Reproductive Medicine Reproduction Clinic Tokyo1-5-2Higashi-shinbashiMinato-kuTokyoJapan Department of Clinical Genomics Graduate School of MedicineOsaka University2-15YamadaokaSuita CityOsakaJapan

Objective:To assess whether the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)mRNA vaccine affects sperm morphokinetics using a computer-assisted semen analyzer and other semen parameters using a sperm chromatin structure ***:Healthy male volunteers in two Japanese clinics between May 2021 and December 2021 were prospectively *** donated sperm twice,two days apart,in the following phases:before vaccination,2 weeks after the first vaccine dose,and 2,4,and 12 weeks after the second *** sperm parameters,sperm motility characteristics,and the percentage of DNA-damaged sperm were compared among the different ***:Ninety-six semen samples from ten volunteers,who were vaccinated with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine,were *** were no significant differences between any phases in basic semen findings and parameters of the sperm chromatin structure *** sperm motion characteristics,the average linear velocity,beat-cross frequency,and sperm motility index significantly decreased after the second vaccine dose(P=0.018,P=0.003,and P=0.027,respectively),with no significant differences between any two phases by post-hoc pairwise ***:After COVID-19 mRNA vaccination,while sperm motion characteristics might fluctuate,no apparent deterioration of basic sperm parameters or sperm DNA integrity was *** the adverse effects of COVID-19 on sperm,our findings suggest that there might be no reason to refrain from vaccination for healthy individuals.

关键词： Computer-assisted semen analyzer COVID-19 vaccine Flow cytometry Male fertility Sperm chromatin structure assay

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Brain activity following esophageal acid infusion using positron emission tomography

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第43期16卷 5481-5489页

作者： Shigeyuki Kobayashi Yasuhiko Abe Manabu Tashiro Tomoyuki Koike Katsunori Iijima Akira Imatani Shuichi ohara Satoshi Watanabe Shin Fukudo Tooru Shimosegawa Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Division of Cyclotron Nuclear Medicine Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center Tohoku University Division of Behavioral Medicine Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine

AIM: To investigate symptoms and brain activity following esophageal acid infusion. METHODS: Fifteen healthy volunteers were recruited for the study. Hydrochloric acid (pH 1 and 2) and distilled water (pH 7) were randomly and repeatedly infused into the esophagus. The brain activity was evaluated by positron emission tomography. The severity of heartburn elicited by the infusion was rated on an auditory analog scale of ***: The severity of heartburn following each infusion showed a step-wise increase with increasing acidity of the perfusate. The heartburn scores were significantly higher in the second pH 1 infusion compared with the first infusion. Acid and distilled water infusion induced activation of various brain areas such as the anterior insula, temporal gyrus, and anterior/ posterior cingulate cortex. At pH 1 or 2, in particular, activation was observed in some emotion-related brain areas such as the more anterior part of the anterior cingulate cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, or the temporal pole. Strong activation of the orbitofrontal cortex was found by subtraction analysis of the two second pH 1 infusions, with a significant increase of heartburn symptoms. CONCLUSION: Emotion-related brain areas were activated by esophageal acid stimulation. The orbitofrontal area might be involved in symptom processing, with esophageal sensitization induced by repeated acid stimulation.

关键词： Esophageal acid infusion Brain imaging Positron emission tomography

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Esophageal diverticulum exposed during endoscopic submucosal dissection of superficial cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第10期21卷 3121-3126页

作者： Shinwa Tanaka Takashi Toyonaga Yoshiko ohara Tetsuya Yoshizaki Fumiaki Kawara Tsukasa Ishida Namiko Hoshi Yoshinori Morita Takeshi Azuma Department of Endoscopy Kobe University Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineGraduate School of MedicineKobe University

Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) is now widely accepted as a strategy to treat superficial esophageal *** rate of adverse events,such as perforation,has been decreasing with the improvement of devices and *** this paper,we report a case of esophageal cancer that had a diverticulum under cancerous *** diverticulum was not detected during preoperative examination,and led to perforation during the ESD *** case shows that,although rare,some diverticula can exist underneath the mucosal surface without obvious *** there is any sign of hidden diverticula during ESD,surgeons should proceed with caution or,depending on the case,the procedure should be discontinued to avoid adverse events.

关键词： Endoscopic submucosal dissection Eso-phageal cance

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Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor and solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm: Key immunohistochemical profiles for differential diagnosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第38期22卷 8596-8604页

作者： Yusuke ohara Tatsuya Oda Shinji Hashimoto Yoshimasa Akashi Ryoichi Miyamoto Tsuyoshi Enomoto Kaishi Satomi Yukio Morishita Nobuhiro Ohkohchi Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Tsukuba Department of Diagnostic Pathology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Tsukuba Diagnostic Pathology Division Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center

AIM To reveal better diagnostic markers for differentiating neuroendocrine tumor(NET) from solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm(SPN), focusing primarily on immunohistochemical *** We reviewed 30 pancreatic surgical specimens of NET(24 cases) and SPN(6 cases). We carried out comprehensive immunohistochemical profiling using 9 markers: Synaptophysin, chromogranin A, pancytokeratin, E-cadherin, progesterone receptor,vimentin, α-1-antitrypsin, CD10, and β-*** E-cadherin staining in NETs, and nuclear labeling of β-catenin in SPNs were the most sensitive and specific markers. Dot-like staining of chromogranin A might indicate the possibility of SPNs rather than NETs. The other six markers were not useful because their expression overlapped widely between NETs and SPNs. Moreover, two cases that had been initially diagnosed as NETs on the basis of their morphological features, demonstrated SPN-like immunohistochemical profiles. Careful diagnosis is crucial as we actually found two confusing cases showing disagreement between the tumor morphology and immunohistochemical *** E-cadherin, chromogranin A, and β-catenin were the most useful markers which should be employed for differentiating between NET and SPN.

关键词： Neuroendocrine tumor Pancreas Solidpseudopapillary neoplasm Immunohistochemistry Diagnosis

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新月亮观

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科学通报 2004年第18期49卷 1809-1820页

作者： M.J.ohara Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences University of Wales Aberystwyth SY233DBWalesUK

1969～1974年间阿波罗探月计划的成果是建立了月球岩石成因的一个模型．该模型忽视了气体和碱金属在月球玄武岩浆喷涌时有选择挥发的可能性，而且也忽略了喷发玄武岩的平均组成是低压条件下斜长石饱和的低共熔熔体的组成这样一个事实．... 详细信息

1969～1974年间阿波罗探月计划的成果是建立了月球岩石成因的一个模型．该模型忽视了气体和碱金属在月球玄武岩浆喷涌时有选择挥发的可能性，而且也忽略了喷发玄武岩的平均组成是低压条件下斜长石饱和的低共熔熔体的组成这样一个事实．该事实清楚地表明，喷发玄武岩不是原生的岩浆．这些玄武岩可能经历了月壳内，或者在现已固化成月海的大熔岩湖中，辉长岩分异的演化．岩浆洋和斜长石漂浮形成月壳的现有模型只是基于玄武岩是原生岩浆的不正确假定．斜长石漂浮假说要求高地月壳存在明显的Eu正异常，这曾被声称为一个发现．但是，不管是用原有的还是现在更多的数据，均不能给出这种正异常．本文提出一些至关重要的观测以及将推动该争议的有关实验，并描述了新的模型．

关键词：玄武岩岩浆喷发斜长石熔岩月海辉长岩忽视异常实验

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Giant primary angiosarcoma of the small intestine showing severe sepsis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第43期20卷 16359-16363页

作者： Mizuna Takahashi Masanori ohara Noriko Kimura Hiromitsu Domen Takumi Yamabuki Kazuteru Komuro Takahiro Tsuchikawa Satoshi Hirano Nozomu Iwashiro Department of Surgery National Hospital Organization Hakodate HospitalHakodate 041-8512Japan Pathology National Hospital Organization Hakodate HospitalHakodate 041-8512Japan Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II Hokkaido University HospitalHokkaido 060-8648Japan

Primary malignant tumors of the small intestine are rare, comprising less than 2% of all gastrointestinal tumors. An 85-year-old woman was admitted with fever of 40 °C and marked abdominal distension. Her medical history was unremarkable, but blood examination showed elevated inflammatory markers. Abdominal computed tomography showed a giant tumor with central necrosis, extending from the epigastrium to the pelvic cavity. Giant gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the small intestine communicating with the gastrointestinal tract or with superimposed infection was suspected. Because no improvement occurred in response to antibiotics, surgery was performed. Laparotomy revealed giant hemorrhagic tumor adherent to the small intestine and occupying the peritoneal cavity. The giant tumor was a solid tumor weighing 3490 g, measuring 24 cm × 17.5 cm × 18 cm and showing marked necrosis. Histologically, the tumor comprised spindle-shaped cells with anaplastic large nuclei. Immunohistochemical studies showed tumor cells positive for vimentin, CD31, and factor VIII-related antigen, but negative for c-kit and CD34. Angiosarcoma was diagnosed. Although no postoperative complications occurred, the patient experienced enlargement of multiple metastatic tumors in the abdominal cavity and died 42 d postoperatively. The prognosis of small intestinal angiosarcoma is very poor, even after volume-reducing palliative surgery.

关键词： Angiosarcoma Small intestine Prognosis Sepsis Immunohistological marker

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Mental Health Predictor of the Sixth Batch Indonesian Nurse and Certified Care Worker Candidates Migrate to Japan under the Japan-Indonesia Economic Partnership Agreement in Pre-migration Stage

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Journal of Health Science 2014年第7期2卷 340-352页

作者： Susiana Nugraha Yuko ohara-Hirano Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science 1-7-1 Sakamoto Nagasaki 852-8520 Japan

Under the JI-EPA （Japan-Indonesia Economic Partnership Agreement）, approximately one thousand nurse and certified care worker candidates have been migrated to Japan since 2008. Migration has been known as a risk factor of mental well-being. Little is known about how the in pre-migration stage may affect the migrant＇s mental health. The study examines the mental health predictor in pre-migration stage using cross sectional design. Gender, Age, EPA course, educational degree, working background, language proficiency, motivation for migration and knowledge about destination country selected as mental health predictor. The results showed that the variable knowledge about living environment is the only independent variable which is correlate with GHQ in the model, β = -0.20, P 〈 0.05. The finding may assume that the knowledge as part of cognitive preparation plays important role in explaining the mental health of the EPA candidates in pre-migration stage.

关键词： Nurse certified care worker pre-migration mental health.

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