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The formation of orthogonal joint systems and cuboidal blocks:New insights gained from flat-lying limestone beds in the region of Havre-Saint-Pierre(Quebec,Canada)

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第12期15卷 3079-3093页

作者： Shaocheng Ji Yvéric Rousseau Denis Marcotte noah john phillips Département des Génies Civil Géologique et des MinesÉcole Polytechnique de MontréalMontréalQuébecH3C 3A7Canada Department of Geology Lakehead UniversityThunder BayOntarioP7B 5E1Canada

Vertical orthogonal joints are a common feature in shallow crustal *** are several competing theories for their formation despite the *** examined the exceptional exposures of orthogonal joints in flat-lying Ordovician limestone beds from the Havre-Saint-Pierre Region in Quebec,Canada(north shore of Saint-Lawrence River)to test conceptual models of joint formation in a natural *** the region,the spacing of cross-joints is consistently larger than the spacing of systematic joints by a factor of 1.5 *** joint-spacing-to-bed-thickness ratios(s/t)are much larger in these beds(s/t=4.3 for systematic joints,and 6.4 for cross-joints)than those in higher strained strata along the south shore of the Saint-Lawrence River(s/t=1),highlighting the effect of tectonic strain in decreasing fracture spacing and block *** high values of s/t indicate that cross-joint formation was unlikely caused by a switch from compression to tension once a critical s/t ratio for systematic joints was reached(as hypothesized in previous studies).We proposed a new model for the formation of orthogonal joint systems where the principal stress axes locally switch during the formation of systematic *** presence of ladder-shaped orthogonal joints suggests a state of effective stress withσ_(1)^(∗)≫0>σ_(2)^(∗)>σ_(3)^(∗)and whereσ_(2)^(∗)-σ_(3)^(∗)is within the range of fracture strength variability at the time of *** research provides a new mechanical model for the formation of orthogonal joint systems and cuboidal blocks.

关键词： Plato's cuboids Orthogonal joints Fracture spacing Limestone Layered rock mechanics Appalachian geology

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Adjusting to climate:Acclimation,adaptation and developmental plasticity in physiological traits of a tropical rainforest lizard

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第4期13卷 411-427页

作者： john LLEWELYN Stewart L.MACDONALD Craig MORITZ Felipe MARTINS AmberleeHATCHER Ben L.phillips Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change James Cook UniversityTownsvilleQueenslandAustralia CSIRO Land and Water TownsvilleQueenslandAustralia Centre for Biodiversity Analysis Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia School of BioSciences University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia

The impact of climate change may be felt most keenly by tropical *** these taxa,it is argued,thermal specialization means a given shift in temperature will have a larger effect on *** species with limited dispersal ability,the impact of climate change depends on the capacity for their climate-relevant traits to *** shifts can occur through genetic adaptation,various forms of plasticity,or a combination of these *** we assess the extent and causes of shifts in 7 physiological traits in a tropical lizard,the rainforest sunskink(Lampropholis coggeri).Two populations were sampled that differ from each other in both climate and physiological *** compared trait values in each animal soon after field collection versus following acclimation to laboratory *** also compared trait values between populations in:(i)recently field-collected animals;(ii)the same animals following laboratory acclimation;and(iii)the laboratory-reared offspring of these *** results reveal high trait lability,driven primarily by acclimation and local *** contrast,developmental plasticity,resulting from incubation temperature,had little to no effect on most *** results suggest that,while specialized,tropical ectotherms may be capable of rapid shifts in climate-relevant traits.

关键词： acclimation adaptation climate change ectotherm reptile

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Compressively sampling the optical transmission matrix of a multimode fibre

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第5期10卷 916-930页

作者： Shuhui Li Charles Saunders Daniel J.Lum john Murray-Bruce Vivek K Goyal TomášČižmár David B.phillips School of Physics and Astronomy University of ExeterExeterEX44QLUK Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics School of Optical and Electronic InformationHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074HubeiChina Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA02215USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Rochester500 Wilson BlvdRochesterNY14618USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of South FloridaTampaFL33620USA Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Albert-Einstein-Straße 907745JenaGermany Institute of Scientific Instruments of CAS Královopolská14761264BrnoCzech Republic

The measurement of the optical transmission matrix(TM)of an opaque material is an advanced form of space-variant aberration *** imaging,TM-based methods are emerging in a range of fields,including optical communications,micro-manipulation,and *** many cases,the TM is very sensitive to perturbations in the configuration of the scattering medium it ***,applications often require an up-to-the-minute characterisation of the fragile TM,typically entailing hundreds to thousands of probe ***,we explore how these measurement requirements can be relaxed using the framework of compressive sensing,in which the incorporation of prior information enables accurate estimation from fewer measurements than the dimensionality of the TM we aim to *** of such priors include knowledge of a memory effect linking the input and output fields,an approximate model of the optical system,or a recent but degraded TM *** demonstrate this concept by reconstructing the full-size TM of a multimode fibre supporting 754 modes at compression ratios down to∼5%with good *** show that in this case,imaging is still possible using TMs reconstructed at compression ratios down to∼1%(eight probe measurements).This compressive TM sampling strategy is quite general and may be applied to a variety of other scattering samples,including diffusers,thin layers of tissue,fibre optics of any refractive profile,and reflections from opaque *** approaches offer a route towards the measurement of high-dimensional TMs either quickly or with access to limited numbers of measurements.

关键词： scattering fibre matrix

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Transradial versus transfemoral access for anterior circulation mechanical thrombectomy: analysis of 375 consecutive cases

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第2期6卷 207-213页

作者： Timothy john phillips Matthew Thomas Crockett Gregory D Selkirk Ruchi Kabra Albert Ho Yuen Chiu Tejinder Singh Constantine Phatouros William McAuliffe Neurological Intervention and Imaging Service of Western Australia Sir Charles Gairdner HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia Neurological Intervention and Imaging Service of Western Australia Fiona Stanley HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia Neurological Intervention and Imaging Service of Western Australia Royal Perth HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia

Objective To compare transradial artery access(TRA)to the gold standard of transfemoral artery access(TFA)in mechanical thrombectomy(MT)for stroke caused by anterior circulation large vessel *** The clinical outcomes,procedural speed,angiographic efficacy and safety of both techniques were analysed in 375 consecutive cases over an 18-month period in a high volume statewide neurointerventional *** There was no significant difference in patient characteristics,stroke parameters,imaging techniques or intracranial *** median time elapsed between CT scanning and reperfusion was 96.5 min(IQR 68-123)in the TFA group and 95 min(IQR 68-123)in the TRA group(p=0.456).Of 336 patients who were independent at presentation 58%(124/214)of the TFA group and 67%(82/122)of the TRA group had a modified Rankin score of 0-2 at 90-day follow-up(p=0.093).Cross-over from radial to femoral was 4.6%(4/130)compared with 1.6%cross-over from femoral to radial(4/245),but did not meet the predetermined level of statistical significance(OR2.92,95% CI 0.81 to 10.52,p=0.088) and did not impact median procedural *** angiographic reperfusion,first pass reperfusion,embolisation to new territory and symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage were similar in both *** was a significant difference in major access site complications requiring an additional *** of the TRA cases had a major access site complication but 6.5%(16/245)of the TFA cases did(p=0.003).Conclusion This study suggests that using TRA for anterior circulation MT is fast,efficacious,safe and not inferior to the gold standard of TFA.

关键词： service radial cases

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Relationship between the exocrine and endocrine pancreas after acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第45期20卷 17196-17205页

作者： Stephanie L M Das James I C Kennedy Rinki Murphy Anthony R J phillips john A Windsor Maxim S Petrov Department of Surgery University of Auckland Department of Medicine University of Auckland

AIM: To determine the prevalence and time course of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in individuals with newly diagnosed prediabetes or diabetes mellitus after acute pancreatitis.

关键词： Pancreatogenic diabetes Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency Acute pancreatitis Endocrine insufficiency

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Cell transplantation therapy using pluripotent stem cells

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World Journal of Immunology 2013年第2期3卷 15-17页

作者： noah Isakov The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology Immunology and Genetics Faculty of Health Sciences and the Cancer Research Center Ben Gurion University of the NegevBeer Sheva 84105 Israel

The 2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded jointly to Sir john B Gurdon and Shinya Ya-manaka “for the discovery that mature cells can be re-programmed to become pluripotent”. Professor john B Gordon who pioneered the feld of somatic cell nuclear transfer was the frst to show that a nucleus of a ma-ture cell can be transplanted into an enucleated egg and give rise to a living organism. His pioneering “clon-ing” technique paved the way for genome reprogram-ming and has led to subsequent cloning of differentani-mal species. Professor Shinya Yamanaka revolutionized the fled of stem cell production by showing that the introduction of four selected genes into cells transform them into induced pluripotent stem cells that resemble embryonic stem cells and serve as promising cells for future regenerative medicine.

关键词： Stem cells Induced pluripotent stem cells Somatic cell nuclear transfer Nobel Prize

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程序员面试攻略

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作者： (美)john Mongan (美)Eric Giguère (美)noah Kindler

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Relationship between nitrate headache and outcome in patients with acute stroke: results from the efficacy of nitric oxide in stroke (ENOS) trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第2期6卷 180-186页

作者： Lucy Beishon Lisa J Woodhouse Daniel Bereczki Hanne K Christensen Ronan Collins john Gommans Christina Kruuse George Ntaios Serefnur Ozturk Stephen phillips Stuart Pocock Szabolcs Szatmari Joanna Wardlaw Nikola Sprigg Philip M Bath Stroke Trials Unit Division of Clinical NeuroscienceUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Department of Neurology Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary Bispebjerg Hospital and University of Copenhagen University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Department of Geriatric and Stroke Medicine Adelaide and Meath HospitalDublinIreland Department of Medicine Hawke's Bay HospitalCamberleyNew Zealand Department of Neurology Herlev Gentofte HospitalUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Department of Medicine Larissa University HospitalUniversity of ThessalyVolosGreece Department of Neurology Selcuk University Medical FacultyKonyaTurkey Department of Neurology Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences CentreHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada Medical Statistics Unit London School of Hygiene&Tropical MedicineLondonUK Department of Neurology George Emil Palade University of MedicinePharmacyScience and Technology of Târgu MureșTargu MuresRomania Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences University of EdinburghEdinburghUK Stroke Nottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK

Introduction Nitrate-induced headache is common and may signify responsive cerebral *** assessed the relationship between nitrate headache and outcome in patients with acute *** and methods Patients were those randomised to glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)versus no GTN in the efficacy of nitric oxide in stroke *** of headache by end of treatment(day 7),and functional outcome(modified Rankin Scale,primary outcome)at day 90,were *** are adjusted for baseline prognostic factors and give OR and mean difference(MD)with 95%*** In 4011 patients,headache was more common in GTN than control(360,18.0% vs 170,8.5%;p<0.001).Nitrate-related headache was associated with:younger age,female sex,higher diastolic blood pressure,non-total anterior circulation syndrome,milder stroke and absence of dysphasia(p<0.05).Nitrate headache was not associated with improved functional outcome(OR 0.90,95% CI 0.73 to 1.10,p=0.30)or death(day 90)(HR 0.64,95% CI 0.40 to 1.02,p=0.062),but reduced death or deterioration(day 7)(OR 0.45,95% CI 0.25 to 0.82),death in hospital(OR 0.44,95% CI 0.22 to 0.88)and improved activities of daily living(Barthel index,MD 3.7,95% CI 0.3 to 7.1)and cognition(telephone interview cognitive screen,MD 2.0,95% CI 0.7 to 3.3)(day 90).Non-nitrate headache was not associated with death,disability or *** and conclusion Development of a nitrate headache by day 7 after stroke may be associated with improved activities of daily living and cognitive impairment at day 90,which was not seen with non-nitrate headache.

关键词： headache patients nitrate

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Possible Chemosensitizing and Potent Anticancer Effects of D-Fraction in Combination with Vitamin C on Three Prevalent Urologic Cancer Cells

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2014年第14期5卷 1402-1411页

作者： Drew Freilich Eric Moskowitz Nicholas Feuer Muhammad Choudhury john phillips Sensuke Konno Department of Urology New York Medical College Valhalla USA

Chemotherapy is currently one of the most common therapeutic options for cancer patients despite the poor efficacy with considerable side effects. We then examined if D-fraction (DF), a bioactive mushroom extract, could potentiate (poor) anticancer effects of those drugs?in vitro. Three urologic cancers, prostate, bladder, and kidney cancers, were tested with various chemotherapeutic drugs and their combinations with DF. Compared to individual drugs alone, combinations of drugs and DF have improved anticancer activity, resulting in the significant (P < 0.05) cell viability reduction in all three cancer cells. As vitamin C (VC) has been postulated to potentiate the bioactivity of DF, this possibility was also examined. The specific combination of DF (300 μg/ml) and VC (200 μM) indeed led to the drastic (≥90%) viability reductions in all three cancer cells. To have a better understanding of such a profound viability reduction, the effect of DF/VC combination on cell cycle was examined next. Cell cycle analysis indicated that this combination induced a G1cell cycle arrest, which was also confirmed by the down-regulation of specific cell cycle regulators (CDK2, CDK4, and cyclin D1) detected on western blots. Moreover, it was crucial to address if the DF/VC-induced viability reduction could be also linked to apoptosis. Western blot analysis revealed that anti-apoptotic bcl-2 was down-regulated while pro-apoptotic Bax was up-regulated with DF/VC combination in all cancer cells, indicating induction of apoptosis. Therefore, the DF/VC combination could ultimately induce apoptosis, accounting for the severe cell viability reduction. In conclusion, DF appears to be a promising agent with chemosensitizing effect, enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs, and its combination with VC exhibits a potent anticancer effect, which is far superior to any combinations of drugs and DF tested in three prevalent urologic cancer cells.

关键词： Mushroom Extract Chemosensitizing Effect Anticancer Effect Combination Therapy Urologic Cancers

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Observations of the Germination Behavior of <i>Tilletia indica</i>Teliospores on the Soil Surface under Varying Simulated Environmental Conditions

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第11期8卷 2878-2897页

作者： Gary L. Peterson Dana K. Berner john G. phillips USDA ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research UnitFort Detrick USA USDA-ARS-North Atlantic Area Wyndmoor USA

A series of replicated growth chamber studies were conducted to determine the effects of soil type and simulated European temperature conditions from fall planting to anthesis in Hungary, United Kingdom, Italy and Norway on the initiation of Tilletia indica teliospore germination on the soil surface. A concurrent study examined effects on teliospore germination of a simulated temperature profile for Ciudad Obregon, Mexico, where Karnal bunt is known to occur. Three soil moisture treatments were tested;40.5% water holding capacity (WHC), 16.2% WHC and weekly fluctuation of soil WHC. Results suggest that soil type would not have a significant effect on germination during the cropping season. Under all conditions tested, some portion of the teliospore population remained dormant but viable throughout the entire season. In comparing Mexican and Hungarian temperature profiles, highest soil surface germination for the Hungarian profile was at 40.5% WHC during the first 30 days of the simulation (30 days after planting date). The highest germination for the Mexican profile was at the 16.2% WHC during the last 30 days of the study (time of anthesis).

关键词： Karnal Bunt Spore Survival Field Population Wheat Smut Partial Bunt

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